【阿里云镜像】使用VM虚拟机安装OpenWRT并更换阿里云镜像源

一、参考链接

二、OpenWRT简介

OpenWRT（曾用名 LEDE）是一款广泛应用于路由器的嵌入式操作系统。本站提供 OpenWRT 的包管理器 opkg的镜像，以加快国内访问速度。

三、使用VM虚拟机安装OpenWRT操作步骤

1、下载OpenWRT.img镜像源

下载地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt

2、将.img镜像文件转换成.vmdk虚拟硬盘格式文件

所需工具为：StarWind V2V Image Converter

（1）打开StarWind V2V Image Converter

（2）选择将要转换的镜像文件存储的位置

（选择Local file）本地文件夹

（3）选择源镜像文件

（4）选择转换格式

（5）选择磁盘格式

（6）确认信息，开始转换

（7）转换完成

3、使用VM虚拟机创建OpenWRT

==部分关键截图如下图所示==

① 选择的客户机操作系统如下图所示

② 使用NAT地址转换模式

③ 选择磁盘，为刚刚转换过后的.vmdk磁盘格式文件

④ 创建完成，点击“开启此虚拟机”

⑤ 登录成功

4、修改网络参数信息并SSH连接

root@OpenWrt:~# vi /etc/config/network
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/network
config interface 'loopback'
        option device 'lo'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'
        option netmask '255.0.0.0'
config globals 'globals'
        option ula_prefix 'fd33:8f52:e9fd::/48'
config device
        option name 'br-lan'
        option type 'bridge'
        list ports 'eth0'
config interface 'lan'
        option device 'br-lan'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '192.168.200.50'
        option netmask '255.255.255.0'
        option ip6assign '60'
root@OpenWrt:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master br-lan state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:2f:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: br-lan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:2f:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.200.50/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global br-lan
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fd33:8f52:e9fd::1/60 scope global noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:2f04/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@OpenWrt:~#
_________________________________________________________________
C:\Users\xybdiy>ssh root@192.168.200.50
The authenticity of host '192.168.200.50 (192.168.200.50)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:uINCvTddAyG9bGGRCD/5R2b7DSmUoxLDcyNe4Pcr9OA.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.200.50' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
BusyBox v1.33.1 (2021-10-24 09:01:35 UTC) built-in shell (ash)
  _______                     ________        __
 |       |.-----.-----.-----.|  |  |  |.----.|  |_
 |   -   ||  _  |  -__|     ||  |  |  ||   _||   _|
 |_______||   __|_____|__|__||________||__|  |____|
          |__| W I R E L E S S   F R E E D O M
 -----------------------------------------------------
 OpenWrt 21.02.1, r16325-88151b8303
 -----------------------------------------------------
=== WARNING! =====================================
There is no root password defined on this device!
Use the "passwd" command to set up a new password
in order to prevent unauthorized SSH logins.
--------------------------------------------------
root@OpenWrt:~#

5、访问OpenWRT的WEB界面，输入配置的IP地址即可

四、更换阿里OpenWRT镜像源

手工替换
登录到路由器，并编辑 /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf文件，

将其中的downloads.openwrt.org 替换为 mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt`即可。

快捷替换
执行如下命令自动替换

sed -i 's_downloads.openwrt.org_mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt_' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf

操作过程如下：

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
src/gz openwrt_core https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/targets/x86/64/packages
src/gz openwrt_base https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/base
src/gz openwrt_luci https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/luci
src/gz openwrt_packages https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/packages
src/gz openwrt_routing https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/routing
src/gz openwrt_telephony https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/telephony
root@OpenWrt:~# sed -i 's_downloads.openwrt.org_mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt_' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
src/gz openwrt_core https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/targets/x86/64/packages
src/gz openwrt_base https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/base
src/gz openwrt_luci https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/luci
src/gz openwrt_packages https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/packages
src/gz openwrt_routing https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/routing
src/gz openwrt_telephony https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/telephony
root@OpenWrt:~#

五、总结与问题反馈

暂未解决使用VM虚拟机创建的OpenWRT系统，使其能够访问外网，已经尝试多种方法，依旧不行。问题留存，待解决。

root@OpenWrt:~# ping qq.com
ping: bad address 'qq.com'
root@OpenWrt:~#