Android(安卓)串口通信之间的发送数据与接收数据（详解）

最近在做自动售货机的程序，需要用到串口，经过几天的时间终于搞明白了，先来个效果图，下面是我发送的数据和接收数据的图片，下面直接上代码：

新建一个类：SerialPortFinder，添加如下代码：

public class SerialPortFinder {   public class Driver {      public Driver(String name, String root) {         mDriverName = name;         mDeviceRoot = root;      }      private String mDriverName;      private String mDeviceRoot;      Vector mDevices = null;      public Vector getDevices() {         if (mDevices == null) {            mDevices = new Vector();            File dev = new File("/dev");            File[] files = dev.listFiles();            int i;            for (i=0; ilength; i++) {               if (files[i].getAbsolutePath().startsWith(mDeviceRoot)) {                  Log.d(TAG, "Found new device: " + files[i]);                  mDevices.add(files[i]);               }            }         }         return mDevices;      }      public String getName() {         return mDriverName;      }   }   private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";   private Vector mDrivers = null;   Vector getDrivers() throws IOException {      if (mDrivers == null) {         mDrivers = new Vector();         LineNumberReader r = new LineNumberReader(new FileReader("/proc/tty/drivers"));         String l;         while((l = r.readLine()) != null) {            // Issue 3:            // Since driver name may contain spaces, we do not extract driver name with split()            String drivername = l.substring(0, 0x15).trim();            String[] w = l.split(" +");            if ((w.length >= 5) && (w[w.length-1].equals("serial"))) {               Log.d(TAG, "Found new driver " + drivername + " on " + w[w.length-4]);               mDrivers.add(new Driver(drivername, w[w.length-4]));            }         }         r.close();      }      return mDrivers;   }   public String[] getAllDevices() {      Vector devices = new Vector();      // Parse each driver      Iterator itdriv;      try {         itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();         while(itdriv.hasNext()) {            Driver driver = itdriv.next();            Iterator itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();            while(itdev.hasNext()) {               String device = itdev.next().getName();               String value = String.format("%s (%s)", device, driver.getName());               devices.add(value);            }         }      } catch (IOException e) {         e.printStackTrace();      }      return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);   }   public String[] getAllDevicesPath() {      Vector devices = new Vector();      // Parse each driver      Iterator itdriv;      try {         itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();         while(itdriv.hasNext()) {            Driver driver = itdriv.next();            Iterator itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();            while(itdev.hasNext()) {               String device = itdev.next().getAbsolutePath();               devices.add(device);            }         }      } catch (IOException e) {         e.printStackTrace();      }      return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);   }

新建SerialPort类，这个类主要用来加载SO文件，通过JNI的方式打开关闭串口

public class SerialPort {   private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";   /*    * Do not remove or rename the field mFd: it is used by native method close();    */   private FileDescriptor mFd;   private FileInputStream mFileInputStream;   private FileOutputStream mFileOutputStream;   public SerialPort(File device, int baudrate, int flags) throws SecurityException, IOException {      /* Check access permission */      if (!device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) {         try {            /* Missing read/write permission, trying to chmod the file */            Process su;            su = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/system/bin/su");            String cmd = "chmod 666 " + device.getAbsolutePath() + "\n"                  + "exit\n";            su.getOutputStream().write(cmd.getBytes());            if ((su.waitFor() != 0) || !device.canRead()                  || !device.canWrite()) {               throw new SecurityException();            }         } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            throw new SecurityException();         }      }      mFd = open(device.getAbsolutePath(), baudrate, flags);      if (mFd == null) {         Log.e(TAG, "native open returns null");         throw new IOException();      }      mFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(mFd);      mFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFd);   }   // Getters and setters   public InputStream getInputStream() {      return mFileInputStream;   }   public OutputStream getOutputStream() {      return mFileOutputStream;   }   // JNI   private native static FileDescriptor open(String path, int baudrate, int flags);   public native void close();   static {      System.loadLibrary("serial_port");   }}

发送和接收串口的Activity

public class ComAActivity extends Activity {    EditText editTextRecDisp;    Button ButtonSendCOMA;    SerialControl ComA;//串口    DispQueueThread DispQueue;//刷新显示线程    SerialPortFinder mSerialPortFinder;//串口设备搜索    /**     * Called when the activity is first created.     */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main2);        ComA = new SerialControl();        DispQueue = new DispQueueThread();        DispQueue.start();        setControls();        //开启串口        ComA.setPort("/dev/ttyS2");        ComA.setBaudRate("115200");        OpenComPort(ComA);    }    @Override    public void onDestroy() {        CloseComPort(ComA);        super.onDestroy();    }    @Override    public void onBackPressed() {        AseoZdpAseo.initPush(this);        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);        AseoZdpAseo.initFinalTimer(this);        startActivity(intent);    }    //----------------------------------------------------    private void setControls() {        editTextRecDisp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextRecDisp);        ButtonSendCOMA = (Button) findViewById(R.id.ButtonSendCOMA);        ButtonSendCOMA.setOnClickListener(new ButtonClickEvent());        mSerialPortFinder = new SerialPortFinder();        String[] entryValues = mSerialPortFinder.getAllDevicesPath();        List allDevices = new ArrayList();        for (int i = 0; i < entryValues.length; i++) {            allDevices.add(entryValues[i]);        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------清除按钮、发送按钮    class ButtonClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener {        public void onClick(View v) {            if (v == ButtonSendCOMA) {                sendPortData(ComA, "01023101000035");            }        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------串口控制类    private class SerialControl extends SerialHelper {        public SerialControl() {        }        @Override        protected void onDataReceived(final ComBean ComRecData) {            DispQueue.AddQueue(ComRecData);//线程定时刷新显示(推荐)        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------刷新显示线程    private class DispQueueThread extends Thread {        private Queue QueueList = new LinkedList();        @Override        public void run() {            super.run();            while (!isInterrupted()) {                final ComBean ComData;                while ((ComData = QueueList.poll()) != null) {                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                        public void run() {                            DispRecData(ComData);                        }                    });                    try {                        Thread.sleep(100);//显示性能高的话，可以把此数值调小。                    } catch (Exception e) {                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                    break;                }            }        }        public synchronized void AddQueue(ComBean ComData) {            QueueList.add(ComData);        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------显示接收数据    private void DispRecData(ComBean ComRecData) {        StringBuilder sMsg = new StringBuilder();        sMsg.append(ComRecData.sRecTime);        sMsg.append("[");        sMsg.append(ComRecData.sComPort);        sMsg.append("]");        sMsg.append("[Hex] ");        sMsg.append(MyFunc.ByteArrToHex(ComRecData.bRec));        sMsg.append("\r\n");        /**         * 接收串口的数据返回值，并且做相应的处理         */        editTextRecDisp.append(sMsg);        String[] temp = MyFunc.StrToStrArray(MyFunc.ByteArrToHex(ComRecData.bRec));        if (temp.equals("FF 01 01 01 02 01 04 ")) {            Toast.makeText(ComAActivity.this, "您连接了主板", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------串口发送    private void sendPortData(SerialHelper ComPort, String sOut) {        if (ComPort != null && ComPort.isOpen()) {            ComPort.sendHex(sOut);        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------关闭串口    private void CloseComPort(SerialHelper ComPort) {        if (ComPort != null) {            ComPort.stopSend();            ComPort.close();        }    }    //----------------------------------------------------打开串口    private void OpenComPort(SerialHelper ComPort) {        try {            ComPort.open();        } catch (SecurityException e) {            ShowMessage("打开串口失败:没有串口读/写权限!");        } catch (IOException e) {            ShowMessage("打开串口失败:未知错误!");        } catch (InvalidParameterException e) {            ShowMessage("打开串口失败:参数错误!");        }    }    //------------------------------------------显示消息    private void ShowMessage(String sMsg) {        Toast.makeText(this, sMsg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">            android:id="@+id/LinearLayoutRecDisp"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1">                    android:id="@+id/editTextRecDisp"            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:layout_weight="1"            android:clickable="false"            android:editable="false"            android:gravity="top"            android:longClickable="false"            android:textSize="14sp" />                android:id="@+id/ButtonSendCOMA"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="发送" />

综合以上就可以实现串口间的通讯；程序考进去以后有问题可直接留言给我，我会为大家解答 整个Demo下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/chen_xiaobao/9929474

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