Android(安卓)Retrofit2网路编程实现方法详解

Android里面本身有OKHttp，不过不是很好用，这里就用Retrofit2，简单好用。

首先，需要加入网络权限：

在build.gradle文件里加入引用包： Gson不用的话，就不需要添加

implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.0.1'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.2'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.2'

这时准备工作做完了。

先创建一个接口文件TestService

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;import java.util.List;import okhttp3.ResponseBody;import retrofit2.Call;import retrofit2.http.Field;import retrofit2.http.FormUrlEncoded;import retrofit2.http.GET;import retrofit2.http.HTTP;import retrofit2.http.POST;import retrofit2.http.Path;public interface TestService {  @FormUrlEncoded  @POST("getmacaddress")  Call TestCall2(@Field("mobile") String mobile);  @FormUrlEncoded  @POST("getmacaddress")  Call TestCall3(@Field("mobile") String mobile);}

这里的@POST("getmacaddress") 的getmacaddress 是URL除IP外的最后一个路径，可以理解为 IP+getmacaddress

这里用的是POST请求方式，@Field("mobile")为请求接口的参数。

写一个实体类模型，用来匹配接收的数据MacAdress

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;public class MacAdress {  private String resultMsg;  public String getResultMsg() {    return resultMsg;  }  public void setResultMsg(String resultMsg) {    this.resultMsg = resultMsg;  }  public String getResultState() {    return resultState;  }  public void setResultState(String resultState) {    this.resultState = resultState;  }  public String getResultObj() {    return resultObj;  }  public void setResultObj(String resultObj) {    this.resultObj = resultObj;  }  public String getMessage() {    return message;  }  public void setMessage(String message) {    this.message = message;  }  public String getDelta() {    return delta;  }  public void setDelta(String delta) {    this.delta = delta;  }  private String resultState;  private String resultObj;  private String message;  private String delta;}

最后主MainActivity

package controller.hzl.com.testclient;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import android.app.Activity;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.ProgressBar;import android.widget.TextView;import okhttp3.MediaType;import okhttp3.RequestBody;import okhttp3.ResponseBody;import retrofit2.Call;import retrofit2.Callback;import retrofit2.Response;import retrofit2.Retrofit;import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;public class MainActivity extends Activity {  private Button button1;  private Button button2;  private Button button3;  private Button button4;  private Button button5;  private Button button6;  private Button button7;  private Button button8;  private ImageView image;    @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);    button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);    button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);    button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4);    button5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button5);    button6 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button6);    button7 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button7);    button8 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button8);    image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);         button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){      @Override      public void onClick(View arg0) {        GitHubServiceTest();      }         });    button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){      @Override      public void onClick(View arg0) {        IWeatherGetTest();      }    });  }    private void GitHubServiceTest() {    Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()      .baseUrl("http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/")      .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())      .build();    TestService service = retrofit.create(TestService.class);    //https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos    Call call = service.TestCall2("13296540788");    call.enqueue(new Callback() {        @Override        public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {          // Get result bean from response.body()          // List repos = response.body();          System.out.println(response.code());          try {            System.out.println(response.body().string());            String jsonstr = new String(response.body().bytes());            System.out.println("jsonstr="+jsonstr);          }catch (Exception e){          }          // Get header item from response          String links = response.headers().get("Link");          showlog("links="+links);          /**           * 不同于retrofit1 可以同时操作序列化数据javabean和header          */        }        @Override        public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable throwable) {          throwable.printStackTrace();          //showlog(throwable.getCause().toString());        }      });  }  private void IWeatherGetTest() {    {      Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()          .baseUrl("http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/")          .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())          .build();      TestService service = retrofit.create(TestService.class);      //https://api.github.com/users/octocat/repos      Call call = service.TestCall3("13296540788");      call.enqueue(new Callback() {        @Override        public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {          // Get result bean from response.body()          // List repos = response.body();          System.out.println(response.code());          try {            System.out.println(response.body().getResultObj());            System.out.println(response.body().getResultState());          }catch (Exception e){          }          // Get header item from response          String links = response.headers().get("Link");          showlog("links="+links);          /**           * 不同于retrofit1 可以同时操作序列化数据javabean和header           */        }        @Override        public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable throwable) {          throwable.printStackTrace();          //showlog(throwable.getCause().toString());        }      });    }  }    public static void showlog(String info) {     System.out.print("Retrofit " + info + "\n");  } }

这里的baseUrl("http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/") 就是URL的前面路径，加上@POST("getmacaddress") 的getmacaddress 其实就是：http://115.29.190.99/api/meta/getmacaddress 请求的全路径。

两种方式:

TestCall2 是直接接收接收返回json的数据。

TestCall3 是用模型接收返回的json数据。

输出结构为：

代码

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