android与服务端通信

Android与服务器通信

Android与服务器通信大致分为2种，一种是http形式，一种是socket形式。下面我分别介绍这2种方法。

1、 http形式

服务器端建立：

android与服务端通信_第1张图片

EncodingFilter.java代码如下：

package com.example;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**

* Servlet Filter implementation class EncodingFilter

public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {

/**

* Default constructor.

public EncodingFilter() {

}

/**

* @see Filter#destroy()

public void destroy() {

}

/**

* @see Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;

if("GET".equals(req.getMethod())){

EncodingHttpServletRequest wrapper = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(req);

chain.doFilter(wrapper, response);

} else {//post

req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

chain.doFilter(request, response);

}

/**

* @see Filter#init(FilterConfig)

public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {

}

EncodingHttpServletRequest.java代码如下：

package com.example;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;

public class EncodingHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {

private HttpServletRequest request;

public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {

super(request);

this.request = request;

}

@Override

public String getParameter(String name) {

String value = request.getParameter(name);

if(value!=null){

try {

value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return value;

}

Servlet.java代码如下

package com.example;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.example.EncodingHttpServletRequest;

/**

* Servlet implementation class ManageServlet

public class servlet extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

public servlet() {

super();

}

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

String title = request.getParameter("title");

EncodingHttpServletRequest requsete = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(request);

String titlee = requsete.getParameter("title");

//把客户端传递过来的参数进行重新编码使之能支持中文

title = new String(title.getBytes("GB2312"),"UTF-8");//使用过滤器后就不需要每次都要进行此操作

String timelength = request.getParameter("timelength");

System.out.println("视频名称："+titlee);

System.out.println("播放时长："+timelength);

}

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

String title = request.getParameter("title");

//把客户端传递过来的参数进行重新编码使之能支持中文

title = new String(title.getBytes("GB2312"),"UTF-8");//使用过滤器后就不需要每次都要进行此操作

String timelength = request.getParameter("timelength");

System.out.println("视频名称："+title);

System.out.println("播放时长："+timelength);

}

既然有servlet就不得不在web.xml中配置一下了

<servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>com.example.servlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>servlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/servlet</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

进行通信是必须先把服务器打开，所以先把servlet用tomcat打开，

http://localhost:8080/http_service/servlet

服务器设置好了，再开发android客户端。

android与服务端通信_第2张图片

Http_androidActivity.java代码

package com.example.newsmanage;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

public class Http_androidActivity extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

}

NewsManageActivity.java代码

package com.example.newsmanage;

import com.example.service.NewsService;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class NewsManageActivity extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

EditText titleText;

EditText lengthText;

Button button;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title);

lengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength);

button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);

}

public void save(View v) throws Exception{

String title = titleText.getText().toString();

String timelength = lengthText.getText().toString();

boolean result = NewsService.save(title,timelength);

if(result){

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.success, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

} else {

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.fail, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

NewsService.java代码

package com.example.service;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

public class NewsService {

/**

* 保存数据，传递参数给web服务器端

* @param title 标题

* @param timelength 时长

* @return

public static boolean save(String title, String timelength) throws Exception {

//119.119.228.5为本机IP地址，不能用localhost代替

String path = "http://192.168.1.5:8080/http_service/servlet";

Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();

params.put("title", title);

params.put("timelength", timelength);

//get请求方式

return sendGETRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");

//post请求方式

//return sendPOSTRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");

//httpClient请求方式，如果单纯传递参数的话建议使用GET或者POST请求方式

//return sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(path,params,"UTF-8");//httpclient已经集成在android中

}

/**

* 通过HttpClient发送post请求

* @param path

* @param params

* @param encoding

* @return

* @throws Exception

private static boolean sendHttpClientPOSTRequest(String path,

Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {

List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();//存放请求参数

for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){

pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));

}

//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8

UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs,encoding);

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);

httpPost.setEntity(entity);

DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);

if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){

return true;

}

return false;

}

/**

* 放松post请求

* @param path 请求路径

* @param params 请求参数

* @param encoding 编码

* @return 请求是否成功

private static boolean sendPOSTRequest(String path,

Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception{

StringBuilder data = new StringBuilder(path);

for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){

data.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");

//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8

data.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),encoding));

data.append("&");

}

data.deleteCharAt(data.length() - 1);

byte[] entity = data.toString().getBytes();//得到实体数据

HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(path).openConnection();

conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

conn.setDoOutput(true);//设置为允许对外输出数据

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(entity.length));

OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();

outStream.write(entity);//写到缓存

if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){//只有取得服务器返回的http协议的任何一个属性时才能把请求发送出去

return true;

}

return false;

}

/**

* 发送GET请求

* @param path 请求路径

* @param params 请求参数

* @return 请求是否成功

* @throws Exception

private static boolean sendGETRequest(String path,

Map<String, String> params,String encoding) throws Exception {

StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(path);

url.append("?");

for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:params.entrySet()){

url.append(entry.getKey()).append("=");

//get方式请求参数时对参数进行utf-8编码，URLEncoder

//防止客户端传递过去的参数发生乱码，需要对此重新编码成UTF-8

url.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding));

url.append("&");

}

url.deleteCharAt(url.length()-1);

HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url.toString()).openConnection();

conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

conn.setRequestMethod("GET");

if(conn.getResponseCode() == 200){

return true;

}

return false;

}

Main.xml代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >

<TextView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="@string/title" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/title"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

</EditText>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/textView1"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="@string/timelength" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/timelength"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:numeric="integer"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/button"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="@string/button" android:onClick="save"/>

</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.example.newsmanage"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />

<application

android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

android:label="@string/app_name" >

<activity

android:name=".NewsManageActivity"

android:label="@string/app_name" >

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</activity>

</application>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

</manifest>

开发好后就开始测试吧，先运行android客户端，这里服务器端不接收中文的，你可以设置一下编码格式的。

android与服务端通信_第3张图片

点击发送，在服务器端就会接收到发送过来的信息

android与服务端通信_第4张图片

测试成功。

2、 现在开发socket案例

服务器端比较简单，只要建一个java文件就可以了，一直运行着就可以了。

socket_service.java

package example;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.net.ServerSocket;

import java.net.Socket;

public class socket_service implements Runnable

{

public void run()

{

try

{

//创建ServerSocket

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(54321);

while (true)

{

//接受客户端请求

Socket client = serverSocket.accept();

System.out.println("accept");

try

{

//接收客户端消息

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));

System.out.print("\n");

String str = in.readLine();

System.out.println("read:" + str);

//向服务器发送消息

PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())),true);

out.println("server ");

//关闭流

out.close();

in.close();

}

catch (Exception e)

{

System.out.println(e.getMessage());

e.printStackTrace();

}

finally

{

//关闭

client.close();

System.out.println("close");

}

catch (Exception e)

{

System.out.println(e.getMessage());

}

//main函数，开启服务器

public static void main(String args[])

{

Thread desktopServerThread = new Thread(new socket_service());

desktopServerThread.start();

}

Android客户端

android与服务端通信_第5张图片

Activity01.java代码

package com.example.socket;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.net.Socket;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class Activity01 extends Activity

{

private final String DEBUG_TAG = "Activity01";

private TextView mTextView = null;

private EditText mEditText = null;

private Button mButton = null;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

mButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button01);

mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.TextView01);

mEditText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.EditText01);

//登陆

mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()

{

public void onClick(View v)

{

Socket socket = null;

String message = mEditText.getText().toString() + "/r/n";

try

{

//创建Socket

socket = new Socket("192.168.1.2",54321);

//socket = new Socket("10.14.114.127",54321); //IP：10.14.114.127，端口54321

//向服务器发送消息

PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);

out.println(message+"wmy");

//接收来自服务器的消息

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

String msg = br.readLine();

if ( msg != null )

{

mTextView.setText(msg);

}

else

{

mTextView.setText("数据错误!");

}

//关闭流

out.close();

br.close();

//关闭Socket

socket.close();

}

catch (Exception e)

{

// TODO: handle exception

Log.e(DEBUG_TAG, e.toString());

}

});

}

Socket_androidActivity.java代码

package com.example.socket;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

public class Socket_androidActivity extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

}

Main.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

<TextView

android:id="@+id/TextView01"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="杩欓噷鏄剧ず鎺ユ敹鍒版湇鍔″櫒鍙戞潵鐨勪俊鎭�

<EditText

android:id="@+id/EditText01"

android:text="杈撳叆瑕佸彂閫佺殑鍐呭"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content">

</EditText>

<Button

android:id="@+id/Button01"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="鍙戦�"

</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.example.socket"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />

<application

android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

android:label="@string/app_name" >

<activity

android:name=".Activity01"

android:label="@string/app_name" >

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</activity>

</application>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

</manifest>

开发好了就行测试吧

android与服务端通信_第6张图片

前后对比一下

android与服务端通信_第7张图片

服务器端：

希望对大家有用

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