android aidl（android studio）

1.aidl service端

1)创建aidl文件

New--->AIDL--->AIDL file

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就会生成一个IPerson.aidl文件

// IPerson.aidlpackage com.example.aidlserverdemo;// Declare any non-default types here with import statementsinterface IPerson {    void setAge(int age);    void setName(String name);    String display();}

2)aidl文件编写完毕之后，需要Build--->Make Module 'aidlserverdemo'，生成相应的java文件。

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IPerson.java文件目录如下：

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3)aidl接口的实现类（IPersonImpl）

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;import android.os.RemoteException;public class IPersonImpl extends IPerson.Stub {    // 声明两个变量    private int age;    private String name;    @Override    public void setAge(int age) throws RemoteException {        this.age = age;    }    @Override    public void setName(String name) throws RemoteException {        this.name = name;    }    @Override    public String display() throws RemoteException {        return "name:zzz;age=18";    }}

4）MyRemoteService

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Binder;import android.os.IBinder;public class MyRemoteService extends Service {    // 声明IPerson接口    private Binder iPerson;    @Override    public void onCreate() {        super.onCreate();        if (iPerson == null) {            iPerson = new IPersonImpl();        }    }    @Override    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {        return iPerson;    }}

5）AndroidManifest.xml

6)开启服务

注意这里有两个坑，第一个就是Intent的action一定要写AndroidManifest.xml里面service的action；

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        Intent intent = new Intent();        // 设置Intent的Action 属性        intent.setAction("com.example.aidlserverdemo.MyRemoteService");        Intent finalIntent = IntentUtils.createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(this, intent);        // 绑定服务        startService(finalIntent);    }}

第二个坑就是需要将隐式的intent转变为显示的intent

package com.example.aidlserverdemo;import android.content.ComponentName;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;import java.util.List;public class IntentUtils {    /***     * Android L (lollipop, API 21) introduced a new problem when trying to invoke implicit intent,     * "java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit"     *     * If you are using an implicit intent, and know only 1 target would answer this intent,     * This method will help you turn the implicit intent into the explicit form.     *     * Inspired from SO answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/26318757/1446466     * @param context     * @param implicitIntent - The original implicit intent     * @return Explicit Intent created from the implicit original intent     */    public static Intent createExplicitFromImplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {        // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();        List resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);        // Make sure only one match was found        if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {            return null;        }        // Get component info and create ComponentName        ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);        String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;        String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;        ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);        // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse        Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);        // Set the component to be explicit        explicitIntent.setComponent(component);        return explicitIntent;    }}

然后将service端运行开启，因为client是基于service的，一定要开启。

2.aidl client端

1.IPerson.aidl

把服务端的IPerson.aidl拷贝过来，并执行Build--->Make Module 'aidlserverdemo'

1)创建ServiceConnection对象

    // 实例化ServiceConnection    private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {        @Override        synchronized public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {            Log.d("MainActivity","onServiceConnected()---------->");            // 获得IPerson接口            iPerson = IPerson.Stub.asInterface(service);            Log.d("MainActivity","iperson----------:" + iPerson);        }        @Override        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {            Log.d("MainActivity","onServiceDisconnected()---------->");            iPerson = null;        }    };

2)绑定

注意这里也有坑，必须加上package和action，package是服务端的包名，action是上面service的action。

        Intent intent = new Intent();        //在5.0及以上版本必须要加上这个        intent.setPackage("com.example.aidlserverdemo");        intent.setAction("com.example.aidlserverdemo.MyRemoteService");//这个是上面service的action        bindService(intent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

3)调用

        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                try {                    String msg = iPerson.display();                    // 显示方法调用返回值                    Log.d("MainActivity", "msg====>" + msg);                } catch (Exception e) {                    Log.d("MainActivity", "e====>" + e);                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });

4）解绑

    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        if (conn != null) {            unbindService(conn);        }        super.onDestroy();    }

5）运行结果：

2020-07-02 09:56:20.461 9151-9151/com.example.aidlclientdemo D/MainActivity: msg====>name:zzz;age=18

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