Android 自定义Camera 随笔

一、权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" android:required="false" />     这个false， 可以防止不让没有摄像头的设备安装<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />          <activity            android:name="com.smarttpanorama.ui.CaptureActivity"            android:label="@string/app_name"            android:screenOrientation="landscape">  设置横屏

二、布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent">  <FrameLayout    android:id="@+id/FrameCaptureView"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>          这是用于放Camera的Frame框架        <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/LinearCaptureLeft"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"        android:background="@color/black"        android:orientation="vertical">        <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1.2">        <ImageView            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="fill_parent"            android:background="@drawable/camera_top_left"/>        </LinearLayout>        <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="0.3"        android:gravity="left">            <ImageView                android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"                android:layout_height="fill_parent"                android:background="@drawable/camera_left_edge" />     </LinearLayout>      <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1.11"        android:gravity="center">          <Button              android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureLeft"              android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"              android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_h"              android:background="@drawable/btn_camera" />         </LinearLayout>    </LinearLayout>     <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/LinearCaptureRight"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"        android:background="@color/black"        android:orientation="vertical"        android:gravity="right">                   <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1.2">        <ImageView            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="fill_parent"            android:background="@drawable/camera_top_right"/>        </LinearLayout>         <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="0.3">        <ImageView            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="fill_parent"            android:background="@drawable/camera_right_edge" />     </LinearLayout>      <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1.11"        android:gravity="center">         <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureRight"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_h"            android:background="@drawable/btn_camera" />         </LinearLayout>    </LinearLayout>        <!--     <com.smarttpapers.shoot4video.customview.CameraPreview        android:id="@+id/preview"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:layout_toRightOf="@id/LinearCaptureLeft"        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/LinearCaptureRight"        android:keepScreenOn="true" /> -->            <!--    android:layout_toRightOf="@id/LinearCaptureLeft"        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/LinearCaptureRight"-->      <ImageView            android:id="@+id/IvCaptureLogo"            android:layout_width="@dimen/logo_w"            android:layout_height="@dimen/logo_h"            android:layout_marginTop="5dip"            android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/logo_margin_right"            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"            android:background="@drawable/logo_smartteye" />      <ImageView          android:id="@+id/IvCaptureAngel"            android:layout_width="@dimen/angel_w"            android:layout_height="@dimen/angel_h"            android:layout_marginTop="10dip"            android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/angel_margin_left"            android:background="@drawable/camera_angel" />                  <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:gravity="center"        android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/logo_margin_right"        android:layout_marginBottom="8dip"        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">         <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCapture180"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"            android:background="@drawable/btn"            android:text="180°"            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />         <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureFile"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"            android:background="@drawable/btn"            android:text="File"              android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />                           </LinearLayout>               <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:gravity="center"        android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/logo_margin_right"        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"        android:layout_marginBottom="8dip"        android:layout_alignParentRight="true">                 <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureSave"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"            android:background="@drawable/btn"            android:text="Save"              android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />         <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureEdit"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"            android:background="@drawable/btn"            android:text="Edit"              android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />         <Button            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureMerge"            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"            android:background="@drawable/btn"            android:text="Merge"              android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />                  </LinearLayout></RelativeLayout>

三、创建CameraPriview类，继承自SurfaceView。

package com.smarttpanorama.view;import java.io.IOException;import android.content.Context;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.util.Log;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceView;public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{private SurfaceHolder mHolder;private Camera mCamera;@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")public CameraPreview(Context context,Camera camera) {super(context);mCamera = camera; // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.mHolder = getHolder();mHolder.addCallback(this);//deprecated setting,but required on Android versions prior to 3.0mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);}@Overridepublic void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,int height) {// If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){          // preview surface does not exist          return;        }        // stop preview before making changes        try {            mCamera.stopPreview();        } catch (Exception e){          // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview        }        // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or        // reformatting changes here        // start preview with new settings        try {            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);            mCamera.startPreview();                    } catch (Exception e){            Log.d("TAG", "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());        }    }@Overridepublic void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {        if(null != mCamera)  {// The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview.                    try {                mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面                } catch (IOException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                }                            mCamera.startPreview();       }}@Overridepublic void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {  if(null != mCamera)  {   mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错   mCamera.stopPreview();    mCamera.release();   mCamera = null;  }}}

注意：在OnDestroy里已经写过release()释放过程。在Activity的Onpause里就不要再写一遍了，否则会出现 method called after release()错误

三、CaptureActivity.java

import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.graphics.PixelFormat;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.hardware.Camera.AutoFocusCallback;import android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo;import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Environment;import android.util.Log;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.FrameLayout;import android.widget.Toast;import com.smarttpanorama.tools.Constant;import com.smarttpanorama.view.CameraPreview;import com.smarttpapers.smarttpanorama.R;public class CaptureActivity extends Activity {public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;//public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;    private Camera mCamera;    private CameraPreview mPreview;      private Button BtnCapureLeft;    private Button BtnCapureRight;        private static int picCount = 0;        //将拍照结果存入文件    private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() {    @Override    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {    //得到文件名        File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);        if (pictureFile == null){            Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions");            return;        }        //写入文件        try {            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);            fos.write(data);            fos.close();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage());        } catch (IOException e) {            Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());        }                        //显示在上边    }};        @SuppressLint("NewApi")@Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_capture);                findViews();        if(checkCameraHardware(this) == false){        Toast.makeText(this, "no camera on this device", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)        .show();        }else{        // Create an instance of Camera//        mCamera = Constant.getCameraInstance(); //正常情况下这样调用。每种设备默认摄像头不同。但是现在默认要得到后置摄像头                        //切换前后摄像头            int cameraCount = 0;            CameraInfo cameraInfo = new CameraInfo();            cameraCount = Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//得到摄像头的个数            Log.w("摄像头数量",cameraCount+"");                                    for(int i = 0; i < cameraCount; i++) {                Camera.getCameraInfo(i, cameraInfo);//得到每一个摄像头的信息                              //代表摄像头的方位，CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置      CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置                    if(cameraInfo.facing  == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {                     Log.w("摄像头","前置");//                     mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错//                        mCamera.stopPreview();//停掉原来摄像头的预览//                        mCamera.release();//释放资源//                        mCamera = null;//取消原来摄像头                          mCamera = Camera.open(i);//打开当前选中的摄像头//                        try {//                        mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面//                        } catch (IOException e) {//                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block//                            e.printStackTrace();//                        }//                        mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览                        break;                    }            }                                        // Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our activity.        mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);//        mPreview = new CameraPreview(this);        FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.FrameCaptureView);        preview.addView(mPreview);                SetListener();        }    }@Override    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);        return true;    }    @Override    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.        int id = item.getItemId();        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {            return true;        }        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);    }        @Override    protected void onPause() {        super.onPause();    }    private void captureAndStartShowPic(){  if(null != mCamera)  {mCamera.autoFocus(new AutoFocusCallback() {//自动对焦            @Override            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {                if(success) {//                   //设置参数，并拍照//                    Parameters params = camera.getParameters();//                    params.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//图片格式//                    params.setPreviewSize(800, 480);//图片大小//                    camera.setParameters(params);//将参数设置到我的camera                    camera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);//将拍摄到的照片给自定义的对象                }            }        }); // get an image from the camera//         mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);        //        Intent intent = new Intent();//        intent.setClass(this, ShowPicActivity.class);//        startActivity(intent);  }}        /** Check if this device has a camera */    private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {        if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)){            // this device has a camera            return true;        } else {            // no camera on this device            return false;        }    }        /** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */    private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type){          return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));    }    /** Create a File for saving an image or video */    private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type){        // To be safe, you should check that the SDCard is mounted        // using Environment.getExternalStorageState() before doing this.        File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(//        Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera");                  Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye");                        // This location works best if you want the created images to be shared        // between applications and persist after your app has been uninstalled.        // Create the storage directory if it does not exist        if (! mediaStorageDir.exists()){            if (! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()){                Log.d("Camera", "failed to create directory");                return null;            }        }        // Create a media file name        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());        File mediaFile;        if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE){        String FileName = mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +                    "IMG_"+ timeStamp + ".jpg";        if(picCount % 2 == 0){        Constant.FIRST_FILE_NAME = FileName;        }else{        Constant.SECOND_FILE_NAME = FileName;        }            mediaFile = new File(FileName);            //        } else if(type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {//            mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +//            "VID_"+ timeStamp + ".mp4");        } else {            return null;        }        return mediaFile;    }            private void SetListener() {    // Add a listener to the Capture buttonBtnCapureLeft.setOnClickListener(        new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {            picCount++;                        captureAndStartShowPic();                            }        }    );BtnCapureRight.setOnClickListener(        new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {            picCount++;                        captureAndStartShowPic();            }        }    );}        private void findViews() {BtnCapureLeft = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureLeft);BtnCapureRight = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureRight);}}

在这个程序中。默认使用后置摄像头。所以注释掉了一部分代码。如果程序中需要手动切换摄像头。需要先release()掉之前的摄像头。再启动另一个。

前置后置摄像头的交换，要放在Activity里。否则在CameraPreview里切换了摄像头。之前的已经release掉了。Activity里再进行操作就会报错（猜测）

四、保存的路径

         File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(//        　　   Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera");   这个路径 是系统拍照保存的路径。在根路经DCIM\Camera                  Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye");   这个是获取系统图片存放的路径。在根目录的“pictures”处

注意有些程序，在自定义camera拍完后，显示在图库中有延迟

五、拍照得到的data 在这里。取到ImageView里边的时候。可以使用data。但是很多文章里，写会很费内存

 private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() {    @Override    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {    //得到文件名        File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);        if (pictureFile == null){            Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions");            return;        }        //写入文件        try {            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);            fos.write(data);            fos.close();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage());        } catch (IOException e) {            Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());        }                        //显示在上边    }};

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