Mysql5.7.18版本（二进制包安装）自定义安装路径教程详解

安装路径：/application/mysql-5.7.18

1.前期准备

mysql依赖

libaioyum install -y libaio

useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql

cd /toolswget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gztar -zxf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /application/

cd /application/mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.18ln -s mysql-5.7.18/ mysql

mkdir mysql/mysql-fileschmod 750 mysql/mysql-fileschown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.18/

cd mysql

会在mysql目录内生成一个data目录，存放数据库的目录

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data

2017-04-28T02:49:00.853710Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wa0I:1w?V--a

bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir /application/mysql/data/

更改所属用户和组

chown -R root .chown -R mysql data mysql-files

修改配置文件

sed -i 's/^datadir=\/var\/lib\/mysql/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^socket=\/var\/lib\/mysql\/mysql.sock/socket=\/tmp\/mysql.sock/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^log-error=\/var\/log\/mariadb\/mariadb.log/log-error=\/application\/mysql\/data\/err.log/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^pid-file=\/var\/run\/mariadb\/mariadb.pid/pid-file=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnfdatadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.socklog-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid/etc/my.cnf Content:[mysqld]datadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd[mysqld_safe]log-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid## include all files from the config directory#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

编辑启动文件，配置启动目录

方法一：

思路是给配置文件提供的变量进行赋值。较麻烦。

sed -i 's/^basedir=/basedir=\/application\/mysql/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^datadir=/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^mysqld_pid_file_path=/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/init.d/mysql

basedir=datadir=mysqld_pid_file_path=

basedir=/application/mysqldatadir=/application/mysql/datamysqld_pid_file_path=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid

思路是将脚本的默认地址（/usr/local/mysql）直接替换成自定义路径（/application/mysql），便不用给变量赋值

sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysql

3.后期结尾

命令创建软链接

将mysql命令创建软链接到环境变量的目录，使用户可以在变量找到相应的命令

ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin

[root@www mysql]# mysql -u root -p

...

mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台

修改密码sql语句

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'NewPassWord';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #修改成功

键入quit或Ctrl + d退出

mysql> quitBye[root@www mysql]#ormysql> ^DBye[root@www mysql]#

进入mysql

mysql -u root -p

service mysql start

service mysql stop

service mysql restart

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