安卓学习- 编写界面（页面布局详解）

1、线性布局 <? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns: android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android :orientation= "horizontal" android :layout_width= "match_parent" android :layout_height= "match_parent" > < Button android :id= "@+id/button_1" android :layout_width= "wrap_content" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :text= "Button 1" /> LinearLayout >

（1）排列方向： android :orientation= "horizontal" 水平 android :orientation= "vertical" 垂直
（2）元素布局的对其方式： 对其方式，可选项为top、bottom、left、rirht、center， 中间可以用 | 来指定多个； android :layout_gravity= "bottom" 注意：如果是vertical，就只有水平上的对齐才会生效
(3)边距 android :layout_marginTop= "10dp"
（4）比例权重 android :layout_weight= "1" 在某一个方向上设置权重之后，原本的那个方向上的数量置为0dp < Button android :id= "@+id/button_1" android :layout_width= "0dp" android :layout_weight= "1" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :text= "Button 1" /> < Button android :id= "@+id/button_2" android :layout_width= "wrap_content" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :text= "Button 2" />

2、相对布局（1）相对父布局 < Button android :id= "@+id/button_1" android :layout_width= "wrap_content" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :layout_alignParentTop= "true" android :layout_alignParentLeft= "true" android :text= "Button 1" /> android :layout_alignParentBottom= "true" android :layout_alignParentRight= "true"
android :layout_centerInParent= "true"
（2）相对控件布局 < Button android :id= "@+id/button_3" android :layout_width= "wrap_content" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :layout_centerInParent= "true" android :text= "Button 3" />
< Button android :id= "@+id/button_1" android :layout_width= "wrap_content" android :layout_height= "wrap_content" android :layout_above= "@id/button_3" android :layout_toLeftOf= "@id/button_3" android :text= "Button 1" />
android :layout_below= "@id/button_3" android :layout_toRightOf= "@id/button_3"

3、帧布局（略过） FrameLayout
4、百分比布局（新增布局）（PercentFrameLayout,PercentRelativeLayout）打开app/build.gradle，在dependencies闭包中添加如下内容： dependencies { compile fileTree( dir : 'libs' , include : [ '*.jar' ]) testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1' compile 'com.android.support:percent:24.2.1' }
然后在布局中使用 PercentFrameLayout <? xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> < android.support.percent.PercentFrameLayout xmlns: android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns: app = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" android :layout_width= "match_parent" android :layout_height= "match_parent" >
< Button android :id= "@+id/button1" android :text= "Button 1" android :layout_gravity= "left|top" app :layout_widthPercent= "50%" app :layout_heightPercent= "50%" />
< Button android :id= "@+id/button2" android :text= "Button 2" android :layout_gravity= "right|top" app :layout_widthPercent= "50%" app :layout_heightPercent= "50%" />
< Button android :id= "@+id/button3" android :text= "Button 3" android :layout_gravity= "left|bottom" app :layout_widthPercent= "50%" app :layout_heightPercent= "50%" />
< Button android :id= "@+id/button4" android :text= "Button 4" android :layout_gravity= "right|bottom" app :layout_widthPercent= "50%" app :layout_heightPercent= "50%" /> android.support.percent.PercentFrameLayout >

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