Android上传文件到Django服务器

首先是Django服务器，先参考这篇文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3740274.html

model

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class User(models.Model):    username = models.CharField(max_length = 30)    headImg = models.FileField(upload_to = './upload/')    def __unicode__(self):        return self.username

temlpates

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>         register
{{uf.as_p}}

view

#coding=utf-8from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_responsefrom django import formsfrom django.http import HttpResponsefrom disk.models import User# Create your views here.class UserForm(forms.Form):    username = forms.CharField()    headImg = forms.FileField()def register(request):    if request.method == "POST":        uf = UserForm(request.POST,request.FILES)        if uf.is_valid():            #获取表单信息            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']            headImg = uf.cleaned_data['headImg']            #写入数据库            user = User()            user.username = username            user.headImg = headImg            user.save()            return HttpResponse('upload ok!')    else:        uf = UserForm()    return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf})

这样数据库里保存的就是路径，而文件会被放在文件系统里面

FileField说明会被传到MEDIA_ROOT下的upload文件夹中

所以在settings.py要设定

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'../media/')#文件目录
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'#文件URL

在nginx中也要设定media目录，最好和django的一样。

还有在urls.py中

url(r"^media/(?P.*)$","django.views.static.serve",{"document_root": settings.MEDIA_ROOT,})

其中还有一个问题，就是提交表单的时候，不设定action，froms会提交到本URL去处理，而这样会忽略最后的"/"

会报错：You called this URL via POST, but the URL doesn’t end in a slash and you have APPEND_SLASH set FLASE

所以可以把APPEND_SLASH设成FLASE，或者把urls.py里的URL变成没有“/”的，因为这样会导致每次访问自动添加一个“/”在URL后面

这样我们就实现了一个网页版上传的页面，然后就到Android端上传到服务器。

import android.content.Context;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.os.Environment;import android.text.TextUtils;import android.widget.Toast;import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;import java.io.File;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import la.zhitu.mima.utils.HttpRequestManager;public class Async_Upload extends AsyncTask {    private Context mContext;    public Async_Upload(Context listener) {        mContext = listener;    }    @Override    protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {        try {            HttpRequestManager post = new HttpRequestManager();            post.setCharset(HTTP.UTF_8)                    .setConnectionTimeout(5000)                    .setSoTimeout(10000);            final ContentType TEXT_PLAIN = ContentType.create("text/plain",                    Charset.forName(HTTP.UTF_8));            post.setOnHttpRequestListener(new HttpRequestManager.OnHttpRequestListener() {                @Override                public void onRequest(HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception {                    //设置发送请求的header信息                    //配置要POST的数据                    MultipartEntityBuilder builder = request.getMultipartEntityBuilder();                    builder.addTextBody("username", mMessage.getContent(), TEXT_PLAIN);//中文                    //附件部分                    builder.addBinaryBody("headImg", new File(                            Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()                                    + AppConstants.OUTPUT_IMAGE_PATH));                    request.buildPostEntity();                }                @Override                public String onSucceed(int statusCode, HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception {                    return request.getInputStream();                }                @Override                public String onFailed(int statusCode, HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception {                    return request.getInputStream();                }            });            //发起请求            String retSrc = post.post("http://bianlidian8.com/test");            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(retSrc)) {                return null;            }                return retSrc;        } catch (Throwable e) {            Debug_AdLog.e(e);        }        return null;    }}

其中最有用的类是HttpRequestManager，需要httpcore-4.3.2和httpmime-4.3.3包，然后可以执行一些网络请求的类（来自网络）

package la.zhitu.mima.utils;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.nio.charset.Charset;public class HttpRequestManager {    public final String HTTP_GET = "GET";    public final String HTTP_POST = "POST";    /**     * 当前请求的 URL     */    protected String url = "";    /**     * HTTP 请求的类型     */    protected String requsetType = HTTP_GET;    /**     * 连接请求的超时时间     */    protected int connectionTimeout = 5000;    /**     * 读取远程数据的超时时间     */    protected int soTimeout = 10000;    /**     * 服务端返回的状态码     */    protected int statusCode = -1;    /**     * 当前链接的字符编码     */    protected String charset = HTTP.UTF_8;    /**     * HTTP GET 请求管理器     */    protected HttpRequestBase httpRequest = null;    /**     * HTTP 请求的配置参数     */    protected HttpParams httpParameters = null;    /**     * HTTP 请求响应     */    protected HttpResponse httpResponse = null;    /**     * HTTP 客户端连接管理器     */    protected HttpClient httpClient = null;    /**     * HTTP POST 方式发送多段数据管理器     */    protected MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = null;    /**     * 绑定 HTTP 请求的事件监听器     */    protected OnHttpRequestListener onHttpRequestListener = null;    public HttpRequestManager() {    }    public HttpRequestManager(OnHttpRequestListener listener) {        this.setOnHttpRequestListener(listener);    }    /**     * 设置当前请求的链接     *     * @param url     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager setUrl(String url) {        this.url = url;        return this;    }    /**     * 设置连接超时时间     *     * @param timeout 单位（毫秒），默认 5000     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager setConnectionTimeout(int timeout) {        this.connectionTimeout = timeout;        return this;    }    /**     * 设置 socket 读取超时时间     *     * @param timeout 单位（毫秒），默认 10000     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager setSoTimeout(int timeout) {        this.soTimeout = timeout;        return this;    }    /**     * 设置获取内容的编码格式     *     * @param charset 默认为 UTF-8     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager setCharset(String charset) {        this.charset = charset;        return this;    }    /**     * 获取当前 HTTP 请求的类型     *     * @return     */    public String getRequestType() {        return this.requsetType;    }    /**     * 判断当前是否 HTTP GET 请求     *     * @return     */    public boolean isGet() {        return this.requsetType == HTTP_GET;    }    /**     * 判断当前是否 HTTP POST 请求     *     * @return     */    public boolean isPost() {        return this.requsetType == HTTP_POST;    }    /**     * 获取 HTTP 请求响应信息     *     * @return     */    public HttpResponse getHttpResponse() {        return this.httpResponse;    }    /**     * 获取 HTTP 客户端连接管理器     *     * @return     */    public HttpClient getHttpClient() {        return this.httpClient;    }    /**     * 添加一条 HTTP 请求的 header 信息     *     * @param name     * @param value     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager addHeader(String name, String value) {        this.httpRequest.addHeader(name, value);        return this;    }    /**     * 获取 HTTP GET 控制器     *     * @return     */    public HttpGet getHttpGet() {        return (HttpGet) this.httpRequest;    }    /**     * 获取 HTTP POST 控制器     *     * @return     */    public HttpPost getHttpPost() {        return (HttpPost) this.httpRequest;    }    /**     * 获取请求的状态码     *     * @return     */    public int getStatusCode() {        return this.statusCode;    }    /**     * 通过 GET 方式请求数据     *     * @param url     * @return     * @throws IOException     */    public String get(String url) throws Exception {        this.requsetType = HTTP_GET;        // 设置当前请求的链接        this.setUrl(url);        // 新建 HTTP GET 请求        this.httpRequest = new HttpGet(this.url);        // 执行客户端请求        this.httpClientExecute();        // 监听服务端响应事件并返回服务端内容        return this.checkStatus();    }    /**     * 获取 HTTP POST 多段数据提交管理器     *     * @return     */    public MultipartEntityBuilder getMultipartEntityBuilder() {        if (this.multipartEntityBuilder == null) {            this.multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();            // 设置为浏览器兼容模式            multipartEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);            // 设置请求的编码格式            multipartEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(this.charset));        }        return this.multipartEntityBuilder;    }    /**     * 配置完要 POST 提交的数据后, 执行该方法生成数据实体等待发送     */    public void buildPostEntity() {        // 生成 HTTP POST 实体        HttpEntity httpEntity = this.multipartEntityBuilder.build();        this.getHttpPost().setEntity(httpEntity);    }    /**     * 发送 POST 请求     *     * @param url     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public String post(String url) throws Exception {        this.requsetType = HTTP_POST;        // 设置当前请求的链接        this.setUrl(url);        // 新建 HTTP POST 请求        this.httpRequest = new HttpPost(this.url);        // 执行客户端请求        this.httpClientExecute();        // 监听服务端响应事件并返回服务端内容        return this.checkStatus();    }    /**     * 执行 HTTP 请求     *     * @throws Exception     */    protected void httpClientExecute() throws Exception {        // 配置 HTTP 请求参数        this.httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();        this.httpParameters.setParameter("charset", this.charset);        // 设置 连接请求超时时间        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.connectionTimeout);        // 设置 socket 读取超时时间        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.soTimeout);        // 开启一个客户端 HTTP 请求        this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(this.httpParameters);        // 启动 HTTP POST 请求执行前的事件监听回调操作(如: 自定义提交的数据字段或上传的文件等)        this.getOnHttpRequestListener().onRequest(this);        // 发送 HTTP 请求并获取服务端响应状态        this.httpResponse = this.httpClient.execute(this.httpRequest);        // 获取请求返回的状态码        this.statusCode = this.httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();    }    /**     * 读取服务端返回的输入流并转换成字符串返回     *     * @throws Exception     */    public String getInputStream() throws Exception {        // 接收远程输入流        InputStream inStream = this.httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();        // 分段读取输入流数据        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];        int len = -1;        while ((len = inStream.read(buf)) != -1) {            baos.write(buf, 0, len);        }        // 数据接收完毕退出        inStream.close();        // 将数据转换为字符串保存        return new String(baos.toByteArray(), this.charset);    }    /**     * 关闭连接管理器释放资源     */    protected void shutdownHttpClient() {        if (this.httpClient != null && this.httpClient.getConnectionManager() != null) {            this.httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();        }    }    /**     * 监听服务端响应事件并返回服务端内容     *     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    protected String checkStatus() throws Exception {        OnHttpRequestListener listener = this.getOnHttpRequestListener();        String content;        if (this.statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {            // 请求成功, 回调监听事件            content = listener.onSucceed(this.statusCode, this);        } else {            // 请求失败或其他, 回调监听事件            content = listener.onFailed(this.statusCode, this);        }        // 关闭连接管理器释放资源        this.shutdownHttpClient();        return content;    }    /**     * HTTP 请求操作时的事件监听接口     */    public interface OnHttpRequestListener {        /**         * 初始化 HTTP GET 或 POST 请求之前的 header 信息配置 或 其他数据配置等操作         *         * @param request         * @throws Exception         */        public void onRequest(HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception;        /**         * 当 HTTP 请求响应成功时的回调方法         *         * @param statusCode 当前状态码         * @param request         * @return 返回请求获得的字符串内容         * @throws Exception         */        public String onSucceed(int statusCode, HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception;        /**         * 当 HTTP 请求响应失败时的回调方法         *         * @param statusCode 当前状态码         * @param request         * @return 返回请求失败的提示内容         * @throws Exception         */        public String onFailed(int statusCode, HttpRequestManager request) throws Exception;    }    /**     * 绑定 HTTP 请求的监听事件     *     * @param listener     * @return     */    public HttpRequestManager setOnHttpRequestListener(OnHttpRequestListener listener) {        this.onHttpRequestListener = listener;        return this;    }    /**     * 获取已绑定过的 HTTP 请求监听事件     *     * @return     */    public OnHttpRequestListener getOnHttpRequestListener() {        return this.onHttpRequestListener;    }}

register

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