Android系统分区

Android系统开发时，经常会遇到添加或者调整系统分区大小的问题，下面以mstar的一款产品为例进行分析：

（1）mount指令可以查看到板子中挂在的分区，主要关注ext4类型分区，例如tvservice，tvconfig，tvconfig，tvcustomer

130|shell@arbutus:/ # mountrootfs / rootfs ro,relatime 0 0tmpfs /dev tmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,mode=755 0 0devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,relatime,mode=600 0 0proc /proc proc rw,relatime 0 0sysfs /sys sysfs rw,relatime 0 0debugfs /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw,relatime 0 0none /acct cgroup rw,relatime,cpuacct 0 0none /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=750,gid=1000 0 0tmpfs /mnt/asec tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000 0 0tmpfs /mnt/obb tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000 0 0none /dev/cpuctl cgroup rw,relatime,cpu 0 0tmpfs /mnt/usb tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000 0 0tmpfs /mnt/iso tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000 0 0tmpfs /mnt/samba tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000 0 0tmpfs /var tmpfs rw,relatime,mode=775,gid=1000 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/system /system ext4 ro,relatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/cache /cache ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/userdata /data ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvservice /tvservice ext4 ro,relatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvconfig /tvconfig ext4 ro,relatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvdatabase /tvdatabase ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvcustomer /tvcustomer ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,data=ordered 0 0/dev/fuse /mnt/sdcard fuse rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,user_id=1023,group_id=1023,default_permissions,allow_other 0 0

（2）查看分区文件fstab.monet (device/mstar/arbutus/目录下)，截取部分信息如下：

/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/system          /system             ext4      ro                                                    wait/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/cache           /cache              ext4      noatime,nosuid,nodev                                  wait,block_validity,nodiscard,data=ordered,journal_checksum/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/userdata        /data               ext4      noatime,nosuid,nodev                                  wait,block_validity,nodiscard,data=ordered,journal_checksum/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvservice       /tvservice          ext4      ro                                                    wait/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvconfig        /tvconfig           ext4      ro                                                    wait/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvdatabase      /tvdatabase         ext4      noatime,nosuid,nodev                                  wait,block_validity,nodiscard,data=ordered,journal_checksum/dev/block/platform/mstar_mci.0/by-name/tvcustomer      /tvcustomer         ext4      noatime,nosuid,nodev

android平台不同厂商可能名称不一样，但是都是fstab.xxx的形式

（3）指定各个分区的大小，BoardConfig.mk (device/mstar/arbutus)文件指定各自大小可以根据需要进行修改

# mmc part# :  type name      (size)#1.  misc           (512K)#2.  recovery       (19M)#3.  boot           (15M)#4.  tee            (6M)#5.  rtpm           (256K)#6.  dtb            (1M)#7.  system         (800M)#8.  userdata       (900M)#9.  cache          (1G)#10. tvservice      (160M)#11. tvconfig       (10M)#12. tvdatabase     (8M)#13. tvcustomer     (16M)BOARD_RECOVERYIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE   := 0x01300000BOARD_BOOTIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE       := 0x00F00000BOARD_TEEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE        := 0x00600000BOARD_RTPMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE       := 0x00040000BOARD_DTBIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE        := 0x00100000BOARD_SYSTEMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE     := 0x33C00000BOARD_USERDATAIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE   := 0x38000000BOARD_CACHEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE      := 0x40000000BOARD_TVSERVICEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE  := 0x0A000000BOARD_TVCONFIGIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE   := 0x00A00000BOARD_TVDATABASEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE := 0x00800000BOARD_TVCUSTOMERIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE := 0x01000000BOARD_FLASH_BLOCK_SIZE := 512

（4）启动脚本加载，init.monet.rc脚本中on fs 模块中启动

on fs    mkdir /tvservice    mkdir /tvconfig    mkdir /tvdatabase    mkdir /tvcustomer    mount_all /fstab.monet

（5）init进程解析fstab.monet文件

keywords.h文件中注册mount_all操作方法

enum {    K_UNKNOWN,#endif    KEYWORD(capability,  OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(chdir,       COMMAND, 1, do_chdir)    KEYWORD(chroot,      COMMAND, 1, do_chroot)    KEYWORD(class,       OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(class_start, COMMAND, 1, do_class_start)    KEYWORD(class_stop,  COMMAND, 1, do_class_stop)    KEYWORD(class_reset, COMMAND, 1, do_class_reset)    KEYWORD(console,     OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(critical,    OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(disabled,    OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(domainname,  COMMAND, 1, do_domainname)    KEYWORD(enable,      COMMAND, 1, do_enable)    KEYWORD(exec,        COMMAND, 1, do_exec)    KEYWORD(export,      COMMAND, 2, do_export)    KEYWORD(group,       OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(hostname,    COMMAND, 1, do_hostname)    KEYWORD(ifup,        COMMAND, 1, do_ifup)    KEYWORD(insmod,      COMMAND, 1, do_insmod)    KEYWORD(import,      SECTION, 1, 0)    KEYWORD(keycodes,    OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(mkdir,       COMMAND, 1, do_mkdir)    KEYWORD(mount_all,   COMMAND, 1, do_mount_all)    KEYWORD(mount,       COMMAND, 3, do_mount)    KEYWORD(on,          SECTION, 0, 0)    KEYWORD(oneshot,     OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(onrestart,   OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(powerctl,    COMMAND, 1, do_powerctl)    KEYWORD(restart,     COMMAND, 1, do_restart)    KEYWORD(restorecon,  COMMAND, 1, do_restorecon)    KEYWORD(restorecon_recursive,  COMMAND, 1, do_restorecon_recursive)    KEYWORD(rm,          COMMAND, 1, do_rm)    KEYWORD(rmdir,       COMMAND, 1, do_rmdir)    KEYWORD(seclabel,    OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(service,     SECTION, 0, 0)    KEYWORD(setcon,      COMMAND, 1, do_setcon)    KEYWORD(setenforce,  COMMAND, 1, do_setenforce)    KEYWORD(setenv,      OPTION,  2, 0)    KEYWORD(setkey,      COMMAND, 0, do_setkey)    KEYWORD(setprop,     COMMAND, 2, do_setprop)    KEYWORD(setrlimit,   COMMAND, 3, do_setrlimit)    KEYWORD(setsebool,   COMMAND, 2, do_setsebool)    KEYWORD(socket,      OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(start,       COMMAND, 1, do_start)    KEYWORD(stop,        COMMAND, 1, do_stop)    KEYWORD(swapon_all,  COMMAND, 1, do_swapon_all)    KEYWORD(trigger,     COMMAND, 1, do_trigger)    KEYWORD(symlink,     COMMAND, 1, do_symlink)    KEYWORD(sysclktz,    COMMAND, 1, do_sysclktz)    KEYWORD(user,        OPTION,  0, 0)    KEYWORD(wait,        COMMAND, 1, do_wait)    KEYWORD(write,       COMMAND, 2, do_write)    KEYWORD(copy,        COMMAND, 2, do_copy)    KEYWORD(chown,       COMMAND, 2, do_chown)    KEYWORD(chmod,       COMMAND, 2, do_chmod)    KEYWORD(loglevel,    COMMAND, 1, do_loglevel)    KEYWORD(load_persist_props,    COMMAND, 0, do_load_persist_props)    KEYWORD(load_all_props,        COMMAND, 0, do_load_all_props)    KEYWORD(ioprio,      OPTION,  0, 0)#ifdef __MAKE_KEYWORD_ENUM__    KEYWORD_COUNT,}

builtins.c文件中do_mount_all，启动一个进程调用fs_mgr_read_fstab，fs_mgr_mount_all启动解析，其中system\core\fs_mgr有被vold，adb等模块用来解析

fstab.xxx等分区文件。

（6）根据第三步中指定的分区大小，进行打包对应分区的img文件

releaseimage.sh, mkimage.sh, build_image.sh, make_usb_upgrade.sh等脚本中，会根据第三步设置的大小来制作img文件

如mkimage.sh

function make-images(){    mkdir -p $RELEASE_OUT    mkdir -p $RELEASE_OUT/scripts    gernerate-script-start    # Raw partition must be first.    make-raw-partition    make-split-fs-partition system $BOARD_SYSTEMIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE true    make-fs-partition userdata $BOARD_USERDATAIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE true    make-fs-partition cache $BOARD_CACHEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE true    make-fs-partition tvservice $BOARD_TVSERVICEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE false    make-fs-partition tvconfig $BOARD_TVCONFIGIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE false    make-fs-partition tvdatabase $BOARD_TVDATABASEIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE false    make-fs-partition tvcustomer $BOARD_TVCUSTOMERIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE false    ......    ......}

buiild_image.sh文件

#make-fs-partition $PARTITION_NAME $PARTITION_SIZE $PARTITION_LZOfunction make-fs-partition(){    echo -e "\033[31mMake fs $1 partition...\033[0m"    local PARTITION_NAME=$1    local PARTITION_SIZE=$2    local PARTITION_LZO=$3    # Generate image    gernerate-fs-image $PARTITION_NAME $PARTITION_SIZE $PARTITION_LZO    release-fs-partition $PARTITION_NAME $PARTITION_SIZE $PARTITION_LZO}

function gernerate-fs-image(){    local PARTITION_NAME=$1    local PARTITION_SIZE=$2    local PARTITION_LZO=$3    if [ "$PARTITION_NAME" == "userdata" ]; then        local MOUNT_POINT=data    else        local MOUNT_POINT=$PARTITION_NAME    fi    local TARGET_OUT=$PRODUCT_OUT/$MOUNT_POINT    if [ ! -d "$TARGET_OUT" ]; then        echo "No $TARGET_OUT directory to gernerate image."        return    fi    if [ "$PARTITION_NAME" == "system" -o "$PARTITION_NAME" == "userdata" -o "$PARTITION_NAME" == "cache" -o "$PARTITION_NAME" == "systembackup" ]; then        if [  $PARTITION_NAME == "system" ]; then            local IMAGE_INFO=$PRODUCT_OUT/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system_image_info.txt        else            local IMAGE_INFO=$PRODUCT_OUT/obj/PACKAGING/"$PARTITION_NAME"_intermediates/"$PARTITION_NAME"_image_info.txt        fi        generate-userimage-prop-dictionary $IMAGE_INFO        ./build/tools/releasetools/build_image.py $TARGET_OUT $IMAGE_INFO $PRODUCT_OUT/$PARTITION_NAME.img    else        <span style="background-color: rgb(0, 102, 0);">make_ext4fs -S $PRODUCT_OUT/root/file_contexts -l $PARTITION_SIZE -a $MOUNT_POINT $PRODUCT_OUT/$PARTITION_NAME.img $TARGET_OUT</span>    fi}

（7）最后make_use_upgrade.sh打包，发布整体软件。

Android(安卓)系统分区分析

Android系统分区

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