极光推送使用实例（一）服务端

最近一直在做后台开发，但心里还是总惦记着Android，感觉还是Android有意思。正好项目中要用到极光推送，今天抽空来记录下这两天的研究成果。

我们知道IOS有自己的推送服务，但很遗憾Android没有原生的推送服务，现在有很多第三方的推送服务，比如个推、极光、亚马逊、百度云、聚能等。今天我们就来研究下极光推送的后台服务器如何实现。

关键点：

1.首先最好是把极光官网java后台服务器的demo下载下来，里面有我们需要的jar包，以及example.

2.极光推送的关键jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);就是这个类。其中的参数需要我们从极光官网注册开发者，然后创建具体项目获取相应的两个key值。其中appKey值就是我们手机端对应的key值

3.极光推送给我们提供了很多种推送的方式，我们可以选择某一个平台进行推送（Android ,IOS ,Windows Phone），也可以全部推送；我们可以针对某个特别的用户进行推送（设置alisa），也可以针对特别的群体进行推送（设置tag），第三个参数是设置推送保留的时间，只要在有效时间内上线就可以收到推送信息

4. 极光推送现在都用https连接，提交请求是post，获取数据为get

ok 接下来就看服务端的实现（JAVA）,JdPush推送方法+一个Servlet

package com.weiwend.jdpush;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import cn.jpush.api.JPushClient;import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIConnectionException;import cn.jpush.api.common.resp.APIRequestException;import cn.jpush.api.push.PushResult;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Message;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Options;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.Platform;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.PushPayload;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.Audience;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.audience.AudienceTarget;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.AndroidNotification;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.IosNotification;import cn.jpush.api.push.model.notification.Notification;public class Jdpush { protected static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Jdpush.class); // demo App defined in resources/jpush-api.conf public static final String TITLE = "申通快递";    public static final String ALERT = "祝大家新春快乐";    public static final String MSG_CONTENT = "申通快递祝新老客户新春快乐";    public static final String REGISTRATION_ID = "0900e8d85ef";    public static final String TAG = "tag_api";        public  static JPushClient jpushClient=null;public static void testSendPush(String appKey ,String masterSecret) { jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);    // HttpProxy proxy = new HttpProxy("localhost", 3128);    // Can use this https proxy: https://github.com/Exa-Networks/exaproxy                       // For push, all you need do is to build PushPayload object.        //PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_all_all_alert(); //生成推送的内容，这里我们先测试全部推送        PushPayload payload=buildPushObject_all_alias_alert();                        try {        System.out.println(payload.toString());            PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload);            System.out.println(result+"................................");                        LOG.info("Got result - " + result);                    } catch (APIConnectionException e) {            LOG.error("Connection error. Should retry later. ", e);                    } catch (APIRequestException e) {            LOG.error("Error response from JPush server. Should review and fix it. ", e);            LOG.info("HTTP Status: " + e.getStatus());            LOG.info("Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode());            LOG.info("Error Message: " + e.getErrorMessage());            LOG.info("Msg ID: " + e.getMsgId());        }}public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_all_alert() {    return PushPayload.alertAll(ALERT);}    public static PushPayload buildPushObject_all_alias_alert() {        return PushPayload.newBuilder()                .setPlatform(Platform.all())//设置接受的平台                .setAudience(Audience.all())//Audience设置为all，说明采用广播方式推送，所有用户都可以接收到                .setNotification(Notification.alert(ALERT))                .build();    }        public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_tag_alertWithTitle() {        return PushPayload.newBuilder()                .setPlatform(Platform.android())                .setAudience(Audience.all())                .setNotification(Notification.android(ALERT, TITLE, null))                .build();    }        public static PushPayload buildPushObject_android_and_ios() {        return PushPayload.newBuilder()                .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios())                .setAudience(Audience.tag("tag1"))                .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder()                .setAlert("alert content")                .addPlatformNotification(AndroidNotification.newBuilder()                .setTitle("Android Title").build())                .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder()                .incrBadge(1)                .addExtra("extra_key", "extra_value").build())                .build())                .build();    }        public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_tagAnd_alertWithExtrasAndMessage() {        return PushPayload.newBuilder()                .setPlatform(Platform.ios())                .setAudience(Audience.tag_and("tag1", "tag_all"))                .setNotification(Notification.newBuilder()                        .addPlatformNotification(IosNotification.newBuilder()                                .setAlert(ALERT)                                .setBadge(5)                                .setSound("happy")                                .addExtra("from", "JPush")                                .build())                        .build())                 .setMessage(Message.content(MSG_CONTENT))                 .setOptions(Options.newBuilder()                         .setApnsProduction(true)                         .build())                 .build();    }        public static PushPayload buildPushObject_ios_audienceMore_messageWithExtras() {        return PushPayload.newBuilder()                .setPlatform(Platform.android_ios())                .setAudience(Audience.newBuilder()                        .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.tag("tag1", "tag2"))                        .addAudienceTarget(AudienceTarget.alias("alias1", "alias2"))                        .build())                .setMessage(Message.newBuilder()                        .setMsgContent(MSG_CONTENT)                        .addExtra("from", "JPush")                        .build())                .build();    }}

可以看到上面我们推送平台设置的是所有平台，Audience设置为all（所有用户），这里key值和masterSecret值放在servlet中了。

servlet很简单，只要传入两个key值，调用该方法就可以

package com.weiwend.jdpush.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.utils.Utils;import com.weiwend.jdpush.Jdpush;import com.weiwend.jdpush.utils.Base64Utils;/** * Servlet implementation class tuisong */public class tuisong extends HttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;       private static final String appKey ="84cf5ee2099c654aa03a5d70";private static final String masterSecret = "7cf23f25a41806d5fd29e3c5";    public tuisong() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }/** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {Jdpush.testSendPush(appKey,masterSecret);System.out.println("sucess");}/** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}}

最后来看下运行的结果，可以看到，提交数据是以json格式。如果返回{"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}这样数据说明推送已经成功发送

{"platform":"all","audience":"all","notification":{"alert":"祝大家新春快乐"},"options":{"sendno":1981162191,"apns_production":false}}{"msg_id":1663001319,"sendno":1981162191}................................sucess

源码分析：

JPushClient jpushClient = new JPushClient(masterSecret, appKey, 3);实际上是实例化了一下三个类

public JPushClient(String masterSecret, String appKey, int maxRetryTimes) {        _pushClient = new PushClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);        _reportClient = new ReportClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);        _deviceClient = new DeviceClient(masterSecret, appKey, maxRetryTimes);}

PushPayload payload = buildPushObject_all_all_alert();，PushPayload类里包含了传递和返回的所有数据

public class PushPayload implements PushModel {    private static final String PLATFORM = "platform";    private static final String AUDIENCE = "audience";    private static final String NOTIFICATION = "notification";    private static final String MESSAGE = "message";    private static final String OPTIONS = "options";        private static final int MAX_GLOBAL_ENTITY_LENGTH = 1200;  // Definition acording to JPush Docs    private static final int MAX_IOS_PAYLOAD_LENGTH = 220;  // Definition acording to JPush Docs        private static Gson _gson = new Gson();        private final Platform platform;    private final Audience audience;    private final Notification notification;    private final Message message;    private Options options;            private PushPayload(Platform platform, Audience audience,             Notification notification, Message message, Options options) {        this.platform = platform;        this.audience = audience;        this.notification = notification;        this.message = message;        this.options = options;    }

PushResult result = jpushClient.sendPush(payload);可以看到就是sendPost方法，然后接受返回的数据

 public PushResult sendPush(PushPayload pushPayload) throws APIConnectionException, APIRequestException {        Preconditions.checkArgument(! (null == pushPayload), "pushPayload should not be null");                if (_globalSettingEnabled) {            pushPayload.resetOptionsTimeToLive(_timeToLive);            pushPayload.resetOptionsApnsProduction(_apnsProduction);        }                ResponseWrapper response = _httpClient.sendPost(_baseUrl + PUSH_PATH, pushPayload.toString());                return BaseResult.fromResponse(response, PushResult.class);    }

另外我专门找了下sendNo如何生成的，其实就是随机生成的一个数字

 public static Options sendno() {        return newBuilder().setSendno(ServiceHelper.generateSendno()).build();    }

 public static int generateSendno() {        return RANDOM.nextInt((MAX - MIN) + 1) + MIN;    }

大家有兴趣也可以详细看一下代码的实现.

刚开始值直接下载的demo运行，一直提示Audience没有对应的用户，是引文Audience设置了别名alias，而用户里面并没有设置对应的alias，所以找不到对应的用户。最后我们来看一张图，再深入理解下极光推送的原理

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