android 之菜单

android的菜单主要分三类：选项菜单（Options Menu）、上下文菜单（Context Menu）、子菜单（Submenu）。

1 选项菜单和子菜单

一个Menu对象代表一个菜单，Menu中可添加菜单项MenuItem，也可以添加子菜单SubMenu。

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//添加性别子菜单
SubMenu subMenuGender=menu.addSubMenu(MAIN_GROUP, MENU_GENDER, 0,"性别");
subMenuGender.setIcon(R.drawable.gender);
subMenuGender.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.gender);
male=subMenuGender.add(GENDER_GROUP,MENU_GENDER_MALE, 0, "男");//为子菜单添加选项
male.setChecked(true);//设置默认选项
subMenuGender.add(GENDER_GROUP,MENU_GENDER_FEMALE, 0, "女");//为子菜单添加选项
subMenuGender.setGroupCheckable(GENDER_GROUP, true, true);//设置GENDER_GROUP组是可选的、互斥的

//添加兴趣子菜单
SubMenu subMenuHobby=menu.addSubMenu(MAIN_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY, 1, "爱好");
subMenuHobby.setIcon(R.drawable.hobby);
miaHobby[0]=subMenuHobby.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY1, 0, "游泳");
miaHobby[1]=subMenuHobby.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY2, 1, "篮球");
miaHobby[2]=subMenuHobby.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY3, 2, "跑步");
miaHobby[0].setCheckable(true);
miaHobby[1].setCheckable(true);
miaHobby[2].setCheckable(true);//设置为可多选

MenuItem ok=menu.add(MAIN_GROUP, MENU_OK, 3, "确定");//为主菜单添加选项菜单
OnMenuItemClickListener lsn=new OnMenuItemClickListener() {

@Override
public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
appendStateStr();
return true;
}
};
ok.setOnMenuItemClickListener(lsn);
ok.setAlphabeticShortcut('o');//给确定菜单设置字符快捷键
return true;
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch(item.getItemId()){
case MENU_GENDER_MALE:
case MENU_GENDER_FEMALE:
item.setChecked(true);
appendStateStr();
break;
case MENU_HOBBY1:
case MENU_HOBBY2:
case MENU_HOBBY3:
item.setChecked(!item.isChecked());
appendStateStr();
break;
}
return true;
}

private void appendStateStr() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String result="您选择的性别是：";
if(male.isChecked()){
result+="男";
}else{
result+="女";
}
String hobbyStr="";
for(MenuItem mi:miaHobby){
if(mi.isChecked()){
hobbyStr+=mi.getTitle()+"、";
}
}
if(hobbyStr.length()>0){
result+=",您的爱好为："+hobbyStr.substring(0,hobbyStr.length()-1)+".\n";
}else{
result=result+".\n";
}
Toast.makeText(mainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

2 上下文菜单

上下文菜单是注册到某个View对象上的，如果一个View对象注册了上下文菜单，用户可通过长按该View对象弹出上下文菜单.

首先在onCreateContextMenu中为不同空间配置不同的上下文菜单：

@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.bird);
if(v==findViewById(R.id.editview01)){
menu.add(0,1,0,"菜单项1");
menu.add(0,2,0,"菜单项2");
menu.add(0,3,0,"菜单项3");
}else if(v==findViewById(R.id.editview02)){
menu.add(0,4,0,"菜单项4");
menu.add(0,5,0,"菜单项5");
}
}

在onCreate方法中为两个文本框注册上下文菜单：

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
this.registerForContextMenu(findViewById(R.id.editview01));
this.registerForContextMenu(findViewById(R.id.editview02));

}

添加上下文菜单监听事件：

@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch(item.getItemId()){
case 1:
case 2:
case 3:
Toast.makeText(mainActivity.this, "这是第一个EditView的上下文菜单"+item.getTitle(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
case 4:
case 5:
Toast.makeText(mainActivity.this, "这是第二个EditView的上下文菜单"+item.getTitle(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}
return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
}

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