Android(安卓)SDK自带教程之BluetoothChat

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.android.BluetoothChat" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <uses-sdk minSdkVersion="6" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />  <application android:label="@string/app_name" android:icon="@drawable/app_icon" > <activity android:name=".BluetoothChat" android:label="@string/app_name" android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name=".DeviceListActivity" android:label="@string/select_device" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Dialog" android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden" />  </application> </manifest>

/* * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.android.BluetoothChat; import android.app.Activity; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import android.view.KeyEvent; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuInflater; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.view.Window; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.view.inputmethod.EditorInfo; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; /** * This is the main Activity that displays the current chat session. */ public class BluetoothChat extends Activity { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChat"; private static final boolean D = true; // Message types sent from the BluetoothChatService Handler public static final int MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE = 1; public static final int MESSAGE_READ = 2; public static final int MESSAGE_WRITE = 3; public static final int MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME = 4; public static final int MESSAGE_TOAST = 5; // Key names received from the BluetoothChatService Handler public static final String DEVICE_NAME = "device_name"; public static final String TOAST = "toast"; // Intent request codes private static final int REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE = 1; private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 2; // Layout Views private TextView mTitle; private ListView mConversationView; private EditText mOutEditText; private Button mSendButton; // Name of the connected device private String mConnectedDeviceName = null; // Array adapter for the conversation thread private ArrayAdapter<String> mConversationArrayAdapter; // String buffer for outgoing messages private StringBuffer mOutStringBuffer; // Local Bluetooth adapter private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null; // Member object for the chat services private BluetoothChatService mChatService = null; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); if(D) Log.e(TAG, "+++ ON CREATE +++"); // Set up the window layout 设置Activity的标题栏格式Window.FEATURE_CUSTOM_TITLE普通、Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE无标题栏、Window.FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS进度条 requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_CUSTOM_TITLE); setContentView(R.layout.main); //设置标题栏的布局资源 getWindow().setFeatureInt(Window.FEATURE_CUSTOM_TITLE, R.layout.custom_title); // Set up the custom title mTitle = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.title_left_text); mTitle.setText(R.string.app_name); mTitle = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.title_right_text); // Get local Bluetooth adapter //从根本上讲，这是你的出发点，所有的蓝牙行动。一旦你的本地适配器，getBondedDevices（）所有配对设备对象设置; //与startDiscovery（）启动设备可被发现，或建立一个BluetoothServerSocket监听与listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord（字符串，UUID的）传入的连接请求。 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); // If the adapter is null, then Bluetooth is not supported if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "Bluetooth is not available", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); finish(); return; } } @Override public void onStart() { super.onStart(); if(D) Log.e(TAG, "++ ON START ++"); // If BT is not on, request that it be enabled. // setupChat() will then be called during onActivityResult //判断蓝牙是否开启，否则请求开启 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Intent enableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(enableIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); // Otherwise, setup the chat session } else { if (mChatService == null) setupChat(); } } @Override public synchronized void onResume() { super.onResume(); if(D) Log.e(TAG, "+ ON RESUME +"); // Performing this check in onResume() covers the case in which BT was // not enabled during onStart(), so we were paused to enable it... // onResume() will be called when ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE activity returns. if (mChatService != null) { // Only if the state is STATE_NONE, do we know that we haven't started already if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_NONE) { //STATE_NONE及刚创建为启动状态，如果是从后台切换到前台应为STATE_LISTEN,无需再次启动 // Start the Bluetooth chat services mChatService.start(); } } } private void setupChat() { Log.d(TAG, "setupChat()"); // Initialize the array adapter for the conversation thread mConversationArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.message); mConversationView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.in); mConversationView.setAdapter(mConversationArrayAdapter); // Initialize the compose field with a listener for the return key mOutEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_text_out); mOutEditText.setOnEditorActionListener(mWriteListener);////注册编辑状态监听 // Initialize the send button with a listener that for click events mSendButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_send); mSendButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // Send a message using content of the edit text widget TextView view = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.edit_text_out); String message = view.getText().toString(); sendMessage(message); //点击发送则向蓝牙发送消息 } }); // Initialize the BluetoothChatService to perform bluetooth connections mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(this, mHandler); // Initialize the buffer for outgoing messages mOutStringBuffer = new StringBuffer(""); } @Override public synchronized void onPause() { super.onPause(); if(D) Log.e(TAG, "- ON PAUSE -"); } @Override public void onStop() { super.onStop(); if(D) Log.e(TAG, "-- ON STOP --"); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); // Stop the Bluetooth chat services if (mChatService != null) mChatService.stop(); //UI关闭时，蓝牙服务应也停止 if(D) Log.e(TAG, "--- ON DESTROY ---"); } private void ensureDiscoverable() { if(D) Log.d(TAG, "ensure discoverable"); if (mBluetoothAdapter.getScanMode() != BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE) { //如果蓝牙状态为不可被发现则请求开启为可被发现，时间300秒内 Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE); discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300); startActivity(discoverableIntent); } } /** * Sends a message. * @param message A string of text to send. */ private void sendMessage(String message) { // Check that we're actually connected before trying anything if (mChatService.getState() != BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) { Toast.makeText(this, R.string.not_connected, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } // Check that there's actually something to send if (message.length() > 0) { // Get the message bytes and tell the BluetoothChatService to write byte[] send = message.getBytes(); mChatService.write(send); // Reset out string buffer to zero and clear the edit text field mOutStringBuffer.setLength(0); //mOutStringBuffer 一直未使用，何意？ mOutEditText.setText(mOutStringBuffer);//清空编辑框窃以为使用mOutEditText.setText("");即可 } } // The action listener for the EditText widget, to listen for the return key private TextView.OnEditorActionListener mWriteListener = new TextView.OnEditorActionListener() { public boolean onEditorAction(TextView view, int actionId, KeyEvent event) { // If the action is a key-up event on the return key, send the message //经测试应为点击回车键后放开时发送消息 if (actionId == EditorInfo.IME_NULL && event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP) { String message = view.getText().toString(); sendMessage(message); } if(D) Log.i(TAG, "END onEditorAction"); return true; } }; // The Handler that gets information back from the BluetoothChatService //更新标题栏右边状态和读写状态的Handler private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE: if(D) Log.i(TAG, "MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE: " + msg.arg1); switch (msg.arg1) { case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED: mTitle.setText(R.string.title_connected_to); mTitle.append(mConnectedDeviceName); mConversationArrayAdapter.clear(); //清空消息 break; case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTING: mTitle.setText(R.string.title_connecting); break; case BluetoothChatService.STATE_LISTEN: case BluetoothChatService.STATE_NONE: mTitle.setText(R.string.title_not_connected); break; } break; case MESSAGE_WRITE: byte[] writeBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj; // construct a string from the buffer String writeMessage = new String(writeBuf); mConversationArrayAdapter.add("Me: " + writeMessage); break; case MESSAGE_READ: byte[] readBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj; // construct a string from the valid bytes in the buffer String readMessage = new String(readBuf, 0, msg.arg1); mConversationArrayAdapter.add(mConnectedDeviceName+": " + readMessage); break; case MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME: // save the connected device's name mConnectedDeviceName = msg.getData().getString(DEVICE_NAME); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connected to " + mConnectedDeviceName, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case MESSAGE_TOAST: Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), msg.getData().getString(TOAST), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } }; public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if(D) Log.d(TAG, "onActivityResult " + resultCode); switch (requestCode) { case REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE: // When DeviceListActivity returns with a device to connect if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) { // Get the device MAC address String address = data.getExtras() .getString(DeviceListActivity.EXTRA_DEVICE_ADDRESS); // Get the BLuetoothDevice object if(address==null){ break; } //获取设备进行连接 BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); // Attempt to connect to the device mChatService.connect(device); } break; case REQUEST_ENABLE_BT: // When the request to enable Bluetooth returns if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) { // Bluetooth is now enabled, so set up a chat session //蓝牙开启成功，则继续初始化UI setupChat(); } else { // User did not enable Bluetooth or an error occured Log.d(TAG, "BT not enabled"); Toast.makeText(this, R.string.bt_not_enabled_leaving, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); } } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { //从Menu资源中初始化Menu 返回true则弹出默认menu，false则不弹出Menu，须自定义 MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater(); inflater.inflate(R.menu.option_menu, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.scan: // Launch the DeviceListActivity to see devices and do scan //启动DeviceListActivity，并等待返回 Intent serverIntent = new Intent(this, DeviceListActivity.class); startActivityForResult(serverIntent, REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE); return true; case R.id.discoverable: // Ensure this device is discoverable by others ensureDiscoverable(); return true; } return false; } }

/* * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.android.BluetoothChat; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.UUID; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; /** * This class does all the work for setting up and managing Bluetooth * connections with other devices. It has a thread that listens for * incoming connections, a thread for connecting with a device, and a * thread for performing data transmissions when connected. */ public class BluetoothChatService { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChatService"; private static final boolean D = true; // Name for the SDP record when creating server socket private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat"; // Unique UUID for this application private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("fa87c0d0-afac-11de-8a39-0800200c9a66"); // Member fields private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; private final Handler mHandler; private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; private ConnectThread mConnectThread; private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread; private int mState; // Constants that indicate the current connection state public static final int STATE_NONE = 0; // we're doing nothing public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1; // now listening for incoming connections public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2; // now initiating an outgoing connection public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3; // now connected to a remote device /** * Constructor. Prepares a new BluetoothChat session. * @param context The UI Activity Context * @param handler A Handler to send messages back to the UI Activity */ public BluetoothChatService(Context context, Handler handler) { mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); mState = STATE_NONE; mHandler = handler; } /** * Set the current state of the chat connection * @param state An integer defining the current connection state */ private synchronized void setState(int state) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "setState() " + mState + " -> " + state); mState = state; // Give the new state to the Handler so the UI Activity can update 更新状态，使用Handler向UI发送消息提示 mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE, state, -1).sendToTarget(); } /** * Return the current connection state. */ public synchronized int getState() { return mState; } /** * Start the chat service. Specifically start AcceptThread to begin a * session in listening (server) mode. Called by the Activity onResume() */ public synchronized void start() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "start"); // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // Start the thread to listen on a BluetoothServerSocket if (mAcceptThread == null) { mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } setState(STATE_LISTEN); } /** * Start the ConnectThread to initiate a connection to a remote device. * @param device The BluetoothDevice to connect */ public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connect to: " + device); // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection if (mState == STATE_CONNECTING) { if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} } // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // Start the thread to connect with the given device 设置正在状态为正在连接 mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device); mConnectThread.start(); setState(STATE_CONNECTING); } /** * Start the ConnectedThread to begin managing a Bluetooth connection * @param socket The BluetoothSocket on which the connection was made * @param device The BluetoothDevice that has been connected */ public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connected"); // Cancel the thread that completed the connection if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // Cancel the accept thread because we only want to connect to one device if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} // Start the thread to manage the connection and perform transmissions mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mConnectedThread.start(); // Send the name of the connected device back to the UI Activity Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.DEVICE_NAME, device.getName()); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); setState(STATE_CONNECTED); } /** * Stop all threads */ public synchronized void stop() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "stop"); if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} setState(STATE_NONE); } /** * Write to the ConnectedThread in an unsynchronized manner * @param out The bytes to write * @see ConnectedThread#write(byte[]) */ public void write(byte[] out) { // Create temporary object ConnectedThread r; // Synchronize a copy of the ConnectedThread synchronized (this) { if (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) return; r = mConnectedThread; } // Perform the write unsynchronized r.write(out); } /** * Indicate that the connection attempt failed and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionFailed() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // Send a failure message back to the Activity更新状态，使用Handler向UI发送消息提示 Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_TOAST); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.TOAST, "Unable to connect device"); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); } /** * Indicate that the connection was lost and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionLost() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // Send a failure message back to the Activity更新状态，使用Handler向UI发送消息提示 Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_TOAST); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.TOAST, "Device connection was lost"); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); } /** * This thread runs while listening for incoming connections. It behaves * like a server-side client. It runs until a connection is accepted * (or until cancelled). */ private class AcceptThread extends Thread { // The local server socket private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket; public AcceptThread() { BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; // Create a new listening server socket try { tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e); } mmServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "BEGIN mAcceptThread" + this); setName("AcceptThread"); BluetoothSocket socket = null; // Listen to the server socket if we're not connected 不断监听是否有蓝牙连接请求 while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) { try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception socket = mmServerSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e); break; } // If a connection was accepted if (socket != null) { synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) { switch (mState) { case STATE_LISTEN: case STATE_CONNECTING: // Situation normal. Start the connected thread. 当有连接请求且状态是正在连接时 connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice()); break; case STATE_NONE: case STATE_CONNECTED: // Either not ready or already connected. Terminate new socket. try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e); } break; } } } } if (D) Log.i(TAG, "END mAcceptThread"); } public void cancel() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mmServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e); } } } /** * This thread runs while attempting to make an outgoing connection * with a device. It runs straight through; the connection either * succeeds or fails. */ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mmDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null; // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the // given BluetoothDevice try { tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e); } mmSocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread"); setName("ConnectThread"); // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection mAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception mmSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { connectionFailed(); // Close the socket try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2); } // Start the service over to restart listening mode BluetoothChatService.this.start(); return; } // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) { mConnectThread = null; } // Start the connected thread connected(mmSocket, mmDevice); } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } } /** * This thread runs during a connection with a remote device. * It handles all incoming and outgoing transmissions. */ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final InputStream mmInStream; private final OutputStream mmOutStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread"); mmSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created", e); } mmInStream = tmpIn; mmOutStream = tmpOut; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread"); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytes; // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected while (true) { try { // Read from the InputStream bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); // Send the obtained bytes to the UI Activity mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_READ, bytes, -1, buffer) .sendToTarget(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e); connectionLost(); break; } } } /** * Write to the connected OutStream. * @param buffer The bytes to write */ public void write(byte[] buffer) { try { mmOutStream.write(buffer); //向对方写数据 // Share the sent message back to the UI Activity mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, buffer) .sendToTarget(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e); } } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } } }

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