前文简要介绍了Android应用程序的Activity的启动过程。在Android系统中,应用程序是由Activity组成的,因此,应用程序的启动过程实际上就是应用程序中的默认Activity的启动过程,本文将详细分析应用程序框架层的源代码,了解Android应用程序的启动过程。

在上一篇文章Android应用程序的Activity启动过程简要介绍和学习计划中,我们举例子说明了启动Android应用程序中的Activity的两种情景,其中,在手机屏幕中点击应用程序图标的情景就会引发Android应用程序中的默认Activity的启动,从而把应用程序启动起来。这种启动方式的特点是会启动一个新的进程来加载相应的Activity。这里,我们继续以这个例子为例来说明Android应用程序的启动过程,即MainActivity的启动过程。

MainActivity的启动过程如下图所示:


点击查看大图

下面详细分析每一步是如何实现的。

Step 1. Launcher.startActivitySafely

在Android系统中,应用程序是由Launcher启动起来的,其实,Launcher本身也是一个应用程序,其它的应用程序安装后,就会Launcher的界面上出现一个相应的图标,点击这个图标时,Launcher就会对应的应用程序启动起来。

Launcher的源代码工程在packages/apps/Launcher2目录下,负责启动其它应用程序的源代码实现在src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. /**
  2. *Defaultlauncherapplication.
  3. */
  4. publicfinalclassLauncherextendsActivity
  5. implementsView.OnClickListener,OnLongClickListener,LauncherModel.Callbacks,AllAppsView.Watcher{
  6. ......
  7. /**
  8. *Launchestheintentreferredbytheclickedshortcut.
  9. *
  10. *@paramvTheviewrepresentingtheclickedshortcut.
  11. */
  12. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
  13. Objecttag=v.getTag();
  14. if(taginstanceofShortcutInfo){
  15. //Openshortcut
  16. finalIntentintent=((ShortcutInfo)tag).intent;
  17. int[]pos=newint[2];
  18. v.getLocationOnScreen(pos);
  19. intent.setSourceBounds(newRect(pos[0],pos[1],
  20. pos[0]+v.getWidth(),pos[1]+v.getHeight()));
  21. startActivitySafely(intent,tag);
  22. }elseif(taginstanceofFolderInfo){
  23. ......
  24. }elseif(v==mHandleView){
  25. ......
  26. }
  27. }
  28. voidstartActivitySafely(Intentintent,Objecttag){
  29. intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
  30. try{
  31. startActivity(intent);
  32. }catch(ActivityNotFoundExceptione){
  33. ......
  34. }catch(SecurityExceptione){
  35. ......
  36. }
  37. }
  38. ......
  39. }
回忆一下前面一篇文章 Android应用程序的Activity启动过程简要介绍和学习计划 说到的应用程序Activity,它的默认Activity是MainActivity,这里是AndroidManifest.xml文件中配置的:

[html] view plain copy
  1. <activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"
  2. android:label="@string/app_name">
  3. <intent-filter>
  4. <actionandroid:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
  5. <categoryandroid:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
  6. </intent-filter>
  7. </activity>
因此,这里的intent包含的信息为:action = "android.intent.action.Main",category="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER", cmp="shy.luo.activity/.MainActivity",表示它要启动的Activity为shy.luo.activity.MainActivity。Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK表示要在一个新的Task中启动这个Activity,注意,Task是Android系统中的概念,它不同于进程Process的概念。简单地说,一个Task是一系列Activity的集合,这个集合是以堆栈的形式来组织的,遵循后进先出的原则。事实上,Task是一个非常复杂的概念,有兴趣的读者可以到官网 http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html 查看相关的资料。这里,我们只要知道,这个MainActivity要在一个新的Task中启动就可以了。

Step 2. Activity.startActivity

在Step 1中,我们看到,Launcher继承于Activity类,而Activity类实现了startActivity函数,因此,这里就调用了Activity.startActivity函数,它实现在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityextendsContextThemeWrapper
  2. implementsLayoutInflater.Factory,
  3. Window.Callback,KeyEvent.Callback,
  4. OnCreateContextMenuListener,ComponentCallbacks{
  5. ......
  6. @Override
  7. publicvoidstartActivity(Intentintent){
  8. startActivityForResult(intent,-1);
  9. }
  10. ......
  11. }
这个函数实现很简单,它调用startActivityForResult来进一步处理,第二个参数传入-1表示不需要这个Actvity结束后的返回结果。

Step 3.Activity.startActivityForResult

这个函数也是实现在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityextendsContextThemeWrapper
  2. implementsLayoutInflater.Factory,
  3. Window.Callback,KeyEvent.Callback,
  4. OnCreateContextMenuListener,ComponentCallbacks{
  5. ......
  6. publicvoidstartActivityForResult(Intentintent,intrequestCode){
  7. if(mParent==null){
  8. Instrumentation.ActivityResultar=
  9. mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
  10. this,mMainThread.getApplicationThread(),mToken,this,
  11. intent,requestCode);
  12. ......
  13. }else{
  14. ......
  15. }
  16. ......
  17. }
这里的mInstrumentation是Activity类的成员变量,它的类型是Intrumentation,定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Instrumentation.java文件中,它用来监控应用程序和系统的交互。

这里的mMainThread也是Activity类的成员变量,它的类型是ActivityThread,它代表的是应用程序的主线程,我们在Android系统在新进程中启动自定义服务过程(startService)的原理分析一文中已经介绍过了。这里通过mMainThread.getApplicationThread获得它里面的ApplicationThread成员变量,它是一个Binder对象,后面我们会看到,ActivityManagerService会使用它来和ActivityThread来进行进程间通信。这里我们需注意的是,这里的mMainThread代表的是Launcher应用程序运行的进程。

这里的mToken也是Activity类的成员变量,它是一个Binder对象的远程接口。

Step 4. Instrumentation.execStartActivity
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Instrumentation.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassInstrumentation{
  2. ......
  3. publicActivityResultexecStartActivity(
  4. Contextwho,IBindercontextThread,IBindertoken,Activitytarget,
  5. Intentintent,intrequestCode){
  6. IApplicationThreadwhoThread=(IApplicationThread)contextThread;
  7. if(mActivityMonitors!=null){
  8. ......
  9. }
  10. try{
  11. intresult=ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
  12. .startActivity(whoThread,intent,
  13. intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
  14. null,0,token,target!=null?target.mEmbeddedID:null,
  15. requestCode,false,false);
  16. ......
  17. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  18. }
  19. returnnull;
  20. }
  21. ......
  22. }
这里的ActivityManagerNative.getDefault返回ActivityManagerService的远程接口,即ActivityManagerProxy接口,具体可以参考 Android系统在新进程中启动自定义服务过程(startService)的原理分析 一文。

这里的intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded返回这个intent的MIME类型,在这个例子中,没有AndroidManifest.xml设置MainActivity的MIME类型,因此,这里返回null。

这里的target不为null,但是target.mEmbddedID为null,我们不用关注。

Step 5. ActivityManagerProxy.startActivity

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManagerNative.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. classActivityManagerProxyimplementsIActivityManager
  2. {
  3. ......
  4. publicintstartActivity(IApplicationThreadcaller,Intentintent,
  5. StringresolvedType,Uri[]grantedUriPermissions,intgrantedMode,
  6. IBinderresultTo,StringresultWho,
  7. intrequestCode,booleanonlyIfNeeded,
  8. booleandebug)throwsRemoteException{
  9. Parceldata=Parcel.obtain();
  10. Parcelreply=Parcel.obtain();
  11. data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor);
  12. data.writeStrongBinder(caller!=null?caller.asBinder():null);
  13. intent.writeToParcel(data,0);
  14. data.writeString(resolvedType);
  15. data.writeTypedArray(grantedUriPermissions,0);
  16. data.writeInt(grantedMode);
  17. data.writeStrongBinder(resultTo);
  18. data.writeString(resultWho);
  19. data.writeInt(requestCode);
  20. data.writeInt(onlyIfNeeded?1:0);
  21. data.writeInt(debug?1:0);
  22. mRemote.transact(START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION,data,reply,0);
  23. reply.readException();
  24. intresult=reply.readInt();
  25. reply.recycle();
  26. data.recycle();
  27. returnresult;
  28. }
  29. ......
  30. }
这里的参数比较多,我们先整理一下。从上面的调用可以知道,这里的参数resolvedType、grantedUriPermissions和resultWho均为null;参数caller为ApplicationThread类型的Binder实体;参数resultTo为一个Binder实体的远程接口,我们先不关注它;参数grantedMode为0,我们也先不关注它;参数requestCode为-1;参数onlyIfNeeded和debug均空false。

Step 6. ActivityManagerService.startActivity

上一步Step 5通过Binder驱动程序就进入到ActivityManagerService的startActivity函数来了,它定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. publicfinalintstartActivity(IApplicationThreadcaller,
  5. Intentintent,StringresolvedType,Uri[]grantedUriPermissions,
  6. intgrantedMode,IBinderresultTo,
  7. StringresultWho,intrequestCode,booleanonlyIfNeeded,
  8. booleandebug){
  9. returnmMainStack.startActivityMayWait(caller,intent,resolvedType,
  10. grantedUriPermissions,grantedMode,resultTo,resultWho,
  11. requestCode,onlyIfNeeded,debug,null,null);
  12. }
  13. ......
  14. }
这里只是简单地将操作转发给成员变量mMainStack的startActivityMayWait函数,这里的mMainStack的类型为ActivityStack。

Step 7.ActivityStack.startActivityMayWait

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalintstartActivityMayWait(IApplicationThreadcaller,
  4. Intentintent,StringresolvedType,Uri[]grantedUriPermissions,
  5. intgrantedMode,IBinderresultTo,
  6. StringresultWho,intrequestCode,booleanonlyIfNeeded,
  7. booleandebug,WaitResultoutResult,Configurationconfig){
  8. ......
  9. booleancomponentSpecified=intent.getComponent()!=null;
  10. //Don'tmodifytheclient'sobject!
  11. intent=newIntent(intent);
  12. //CollectinformationaboutthetargetoftheIntent.
  13. ActivityInfoaInfo;
  14. try{
  15. ResolveInforInfo=
  16. AppGlobals.getPackageManager().resolveIntent(
  17. intent,resolvedType,
  18. PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY
  19. |ActivityManagerService.STOCK_PM_FLAGS);
  20. aInfo=rInfo!=null?rInfo.activityInfo:null;
  21. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  22. ......
  23. }
  24. if(aInfo!=null){
  25. //Storethefoundtargetbackintotheintent,becausenowthat
  26. //wehaveitweneverwanttodothisagain.Forexample,ifthe
  27. //usernavigatesbacktothispointinthehistory,weshould
  28. //alwaysrestarttheexactsameactivity.
  29. intent.setComponent(newComponentName(
  30. aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName,aInfo.name));
  31. ......
  32. }
  33. synchronized(mService){
  34. intcallingPid;
  35. intcallingUid;
  36. if(caller==null){
  37. ......
  38. }else{
  39. callingPid=callingUid=-1;
  40. }
  41. mConfigWillChange=config!=null
  42. &&mService.mConfiguration.diff(config)!=0;
  43. ......
  44. if(mMainStack&&aInfo!=null&&
  45. (aInfo.applicationInfo.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_CANT_SAVE_STATE)!=0){
  46. ......
  47. }
  48. intres=startActivityLocked(caller,intent,resolvedType,
  49. grantedUriPermissions,grantedMode,aInfo,
  50. resultTo,resultWho,requestCode,callingPid,callingUid,
  51. onlyIfNeeded,componentSpecified);
  52. if(mConfigWillChange&&mMainStack){
  53. ......
  54. }
  55. ......
  56. if(outResult!=null){
  57. ......
  58. }
  59. returnres;
  60. }
  61. }
  62. ......
  63. }
注意,从Step 6传下来的参数outResult和config均为null,此外,表达式(aInfo.applicationInfo.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_CANT_SAVE_STATE) != 0为false,因此,这里忽略了无关代码。

下面语句对参数intent的内容进行解析,得到MainActivity的相关信息,保存在aInfo变量中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. ActivityInfoaInfo;
  2. try{
  3. ResolveInforInfo=
  4. AppGlobals.getPackageManager().resolveIntent(
  5. intent,resolvedType,
  6. PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY
  7. |ActivityManagerService.STOCK_PM_FLAGS);
  8. aInfo=rInfo!=null?rInfo.activityInfo:null;
  9. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  10. ......
  11. }
解析之后,得到的aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName的值为"shy.luo.activity",aInfo.name的值为"shy.luo.activity.MainActivity",这是在这个实例的配置文件AndroidManifest.xml里面配置的。

此外,函数开始的地方调用intent.getComponent()函数的返回值不为null,因此,这里的componentSpecified变量为true。

接下去就调用startActivityLocked进一步处理了。

Step 8. ActivityStack.startActivityLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalintstartActivityLocked(IApplicationThreadcaller,
  4. Intentintent,StringresolvedType,
  5. Uri[]grantedUriPermissions,
  6. intgrantedMode,ActivityInfoaInfo,IBinderresultTo,
  7. StringresultWho,intrequestCode,
  8. intcallingPid,intcallingUid,booleanonlyIfNeeded,
  9. booleancomponentSpecified){
  10. interr=START_SUCCESS;
  11. ProcessRecordcallerApp=null;
  12. if(caller!=null){
  13. callerApp=mService.getRecordForAppLocked(caller);
  14. if(callerApp!=null){
  15. callingPid=callerApp.pid;
  16. callingUid=callerApp.info.uid;
  17. }else{
  18. ......
  19. }
  20. }
  21. ......
  22. ActivityRecordsourceRecord=null;
  23. ActivityRecordresultRecord=null;
  24. if(resultTo!=null){
  25. intindex=indexOfTokenLocked(resultTo);
  26. ......
  27. if(index>=0){
  28. sourceRecord=(ActivityRecord)mHistory.get(index);
  29. if(requestCode>=0&&!sourceRecord.finishing){
  30. ......
  31. }
  32. }
  33. }
  34. intlaunchFlags=intent.getFlags();
  35. if((launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_FORWARD_RESULT)!=0
  36. &&sourceRecord!=null){
  37. ......
  38. }
  39. if(err==START_SUCCESS&&intent.getComponent()==null){
  40. ......
  41. }
  42. if(err==START_SUCCESS&&aInfo==null){
  43. ......
  44. }
  45. if(err!=START_SUCCESS){
  46. ......
  47. }
  48. ......
  49. ActivityRecordr=newActivityRecord(mService,this,callerApp,callingUid,
  50. intent,resolvedType,aInfo,mService.mConfiguration,
  51. resultRecord,resultWho,requestCode,componentSpecified);
  52. ......
  53. returnstartActivityUncheckedLocked(r,sourceRecord,
  54. grantedUriPermissions,grantedMode,onlyIfNeeded,true);
  55. }
  56. ......
  57. }
从传进来的参数caller得到调用者的进程信息,并保存在callerApp变量中,这里就是Launcher应用程序的进程信息了。

前面说过,参数resultTo是Launcher这个Activity里面的一个Binder对象,通过它可以获得Launcher这个Activity的相关信息,保存在sourceRecord变量中。
再接下来,创建即将要启动的Activity的相关信息,并保存在r变量中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. ActivityRecordr=newActivityRecord(mService,this,callerApp,callingUid,
  2. intent,resolvedType,aInfo,mService.mConfiguration,
  3. resultRecord,resultWho,requestCode,componentSpecified);
接着调用startActivityUncheckedLocked函数进行下一步操作。

Step 9. ActivityStack.startActivityUncheckedLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalintstartActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecordr,
  4. ActivityRecordsourceRecord,Uri[]grantedUriPermissions,
  5. intgrantedMode,booleanonlyIfNeeded,booleandoResume){
  6. finalIntentintent=r.intent;
  7. finalintcallingUid=r.launchedFromUid;
  8. intlaunchFlags=intent.getFlags();
  9. //We'llinvokeonUserLeavingbeforeonPauseonlyifthelaunching
  10. //activitydidnotexplicitlystatethatthisisanautomatedlaunch.
  11. mUserLeaving=(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_USER_ACTION)==0;
  12. ......
  13. ActivityRecordnotTop=(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP)
  14. !=0?r:null;
  15. //IftheonlyIfNeededflagisset,thenwecandothisiftheactivity
  16. //beinglaunchedisthesameastheonemakingthecall...or,as
  17. //aspecialcase,ifwedonotknowthecallerthenwecountthe
  18. //currenttopactivityasthecaller.
  19. if(onlyIfNeeded){
  20. ......
  21. }
  22. if(sourceRecord==null){
  23. ......
  24. }elseif(sourceRecord.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE){
  25. ......
  26. }elseif(r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE
  27. ||r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK){
  28. ......
  29. }
  30. if(r.resultTo!=null&&(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)!=0){
  31. ......
  32. }
  33. booleanaddingToTask=false;
  34. if(((launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)!=0&&
  35. (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK)==0)
  36. ||r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK
  37. ||r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE){
  38. //Ifbringtofrontisrequested,andnoresultisrequested,and
  39. //wecanfindataskthatwasstartedwiththissame
  40. //component,theninsteadoflaunchingbringthatonetothefront.
  41. if(r.resultTo==null){
  42. //Seeifthereisatasktobringtothefront.Ifthisis
  43. //aSINGLE_INSTANCEactivity,therecanbeoneandonlyone
  44. //instanceofitinthehistory,anditisalwaysinitsown
  45. //uniquetask,sowedoaspecialsearch.
  46. ActivityRecordtaskTop=r.launchMode!=ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE
  47. ?findTaskLocked(intent,r.info)
  48. :findActivityLocked(intent,r.info);
  49. if(taskTop!=null){
  50. ......
  51. }
  52. }
  53. }
  54. ......
  55. if(r.packageName!=null){
  56. //Iftheactivitybeinglaunchedisthesameastheonecurrently
  57. //atthetop,thenweneedtocheckifitshouldonlybelaunched
  58. //once.
  59. ActivityRecordtop=topRunningNonDelayedActivityLocked(notTop);
  60. if(top!=null&&r.resultTo==null){
  61. if(top.realActivity.equals(r.realActivity)){
  62. ......
  63. }
  64. }
  65. }else{
  66. ......
  67. }
  68. booleannewTask=false;
  69. //Shouldthisbeconsideredanewtask?
  70. if(r.resultTo==null&&!addingToTask
  71. &&(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)!=0){
  72. //todo:shoulddobettermanagementofintegers.
  73. mService.mCurTask++;
  74. if(mService.mCurTask<=0){
  75. mService.mCurTask=1;
  76. }
  77. r.task=newTaskRecord(mService.mCurTask,r.info,intent,
  78. (r.info.flags&ActivityInfo.FLAG_CLEAR_TASK_ON_LAUNCH)!=0);
  79. ......
  80. newTask=true;
  81. if(mMainStack){
  82. mService.addRecentTaskLocked(r.task);
  83. }
  84. }elseif(sourceRecord!=null){
  85. ......
  86. }else{
  87. ......
  88. }
  89. ......
  90. startActivityLocked(r,newTask,doResume);
  91. returnSTART_SUCCESS;
  92. }
  93. ......
  94. }
函数首先获得intent的标志值,保存在launchFlags变量中。

这个intent的标志值的位Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_USER_ACTION没有置位,因此 ,成员变量mUserLeaving的值为true。

这个intent的标志值的位Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP也没有置位,因此,变量notTop的值为null。

由于在这个例子的AndroidManifest.xml文件中,MainActivity没有配置launchMode属值,因此,这里的r.launchMode为默认值0,表示以标准(Standard,或者称为ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_MULTIPLE)的方式来启动这个Activity。Activity的启动方式有四种,其余三种分别是ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE、ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK和ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TOP,具体可以参考官方网站http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/pm/ActivityInfo.html。

传进来的参数r.resultTo为null,表示Launcher不需要等这个即将要启动的MainActivity的执行结果。

由于这个intent的标志值的位Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK被置位,而且Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK没有置位,因此,下面的if语句会被执行:

[java] view plain copy
  1. if(((launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)!=0&&
  2. (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK)==0)
  3. ||r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK
  4. ||r.launchMode==ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE){
  5. //Ifbringtofrontisrequested,andnoresultisrequested,and
  6. //wecanfindataskthatwasstartedwiththissame
  7. //component,theninsteadoflaunchingbringthatonetothefront.
  8. if(r.resultTo==null){
  9. //Seeifthereisatasktobringtothefront.Ifthisis
  10. //aSINGLE_INSTANCEactivity,therecanbeoneandonlyone
  11. //instanceofitinthehistory,anditisalwaysinitsown
  12. //uniquetask,sowedoaspecialsearch.
  13. ActivityRecordtaskTop=r.launchMode!=ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE
  14. ?findTaskLocked(intent,r.info)
  15. :findActivityLocked(intent,r.info);
  16. if(taskTop!=null){
  17. ......
  18. }
  19. }
  20. }
这段代码的逻辑是查看一下,当前有没有Task可以用来执行这个Activity。由于r.launchMode的值不为ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE,因此,它通过findTaskLocked函数来查找存不存这样的Task,这里返回的结果是null,即taskTop为null,因此,需要创建一个新的Task来启动这个Activity。

接着往下看:

[java] view plain copy
  1. if(r.packageName!=null){
  2. //Iftheactivitybeinglaunchedisthesameastheonecurrently
  3. //atthetop,thenweneedtocheckifitshouldonlybelaunched
  4. //once.
  5. ActivityRecordtop=topRunningNonDelayedActivityLocked(notTop);
  6. if(top!=null&&r.resultTo==null){
  7. if(top.realActivity.equals(r.realActivity)){
  8. ......
  9. }
  10. }
  11. }
这段代码的逻辑是看一下,当前在堆栈顶端的Activity是否就是即将要启动的Activity,有些情况下,如果即将要启动的Activity就在堆栈的顶端,那么,就不会重新启动这个Activity的别一个实例了,具体可以参考官方网站 http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/pm/ActivityInfo.html 。现在处理堆栈顶端的Activity是Launcher,与我们即将要启动的MainActivity不是同一个Activity,因此,这里不用进一步处理上述介绍的情况。

执行到这里,我们知道,要在一个新的Task里面来启动这个Activity了,于是新创建一个Task:

[java] view plain copy
  1. if(r.resultTo==null&&!addingToTask
  2. &&(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)!=0){
  3. //todo:shoulddobettermanagementofintegers.
  4. mService.mCurTask++;
  5. if(mService.mCurTask<=0){
  6. mService.mCurTask=1;
  7. }
  8. r.task=newTaskRecord(mService.mCurTask,r.info,intent,
  9. (r.info.flags&ActivityInfo.FLAG_CLEAR_TASK_ON_LAUNCH)!=0);
  10. ......
  11. newTask=true;
  12. if(mMainStack){
  13. mService.addRecentTaskLocked(r.task);
  14. }
  15. }
新建的Task保存在r.task域中,同时,添加到mService中去,这里的mService就是ActivityManagerService了。

最后就进入startActivityLocked(r, newTask, doResume)进一步处理了。这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidstartActivityLocked(ActivityRecordr,booleannewTask,
  4. booleandoResume){
  5. finalintNH=mHistory.size();
  6. intaddPos=-1;
  7. if(!newTask){
  8. ......
  9. }
  10. //Placeanewactivityattopofstack,soitisnexttointeract
  11. //withtheuser.
  12. if(addPos<0){
  13. addPos=NH;
  14. }
  15. //Ifwearenotplacingthenewactivityfrontmost,wedonotwant
  16. //todelivertheonUserLeavingcallbacktotheactualfrontmost
  17. //activity
  18. if(addPos<NH){
  19. ......
  20. }
  21. //Slottheactivityintothehistorystackandproceed
  22. mHistory.add(addPos,r);
  23. r.inHistory=true;
  24. r.frontOfTask=newTask;
  25. r.task.numActivities++;
  26. if(NH>0){
  27. //Wewanttoshowthestartingpreviewwindowifweare
  28. //switchingtoanewtask,orthenextactivity'sprocessis
  29. //notcurrentlyrunning.
  30. ......
  31. }else{
  32. //Ifthisisthefirstactivity,don'tdoanyfancyanimations,
  33. //becausethereisnothingforittoanimateontopof.
  34. ......
  35. }
  36. ......
  37. if(doResume){
  38. resumeTopActivityLocked(null);
  39. }
  40. }
  41. ......
  42. }
这里的NH表示当前系统中历史任务的个数,这里肯定是大于0,因为Launcher已经跑起来了。当NH>0时,并且现在要切换新任务时,要做一些任务切的界面操作,这段代码我们就不看了,这里不会影响到下面启Activity的过程,有兴趣的读取可以自己研究一下。

这里传进来的参数doResume为true,于是调用resumeTopActivityLocked进一步操作。

Step 10. Activity.resumeTopActivityLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. /**
  4. *Ensurethatthetopactivityinthestackisresumed.
  5. *
  6. *@paramprevThepreviouslyresumedactivity,forwhenintheprocess
  7. *ofpausing;canbenulltocallfromelsewhere.
  8. *
  9. *@returnReturnstrueifsomethingisbeingresumed,orfalseif
  10. *nothinghappened.
  11. */
  12. finalbooleanresumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecordprev){
  13. //Findthefirstactivitythatisnotfinishing.
  14. ActivityRecordnext=topRunningActivityLocked(null);
  15. //Rememberhowwe'llprocessthispause/resumesituation,andensure
  16. //thatthestateisresethoweverwewindupproceeding.
  17. finalbooleanuserLeaving=mUserLeaving;
  18. mUserLeaving=false;
  19. if(next==null){
  20. ......
  21. }
  22. next.delayedResume=false;
  23. //Ifthetopactivityistheresumedone,nothingtodo.
  24. if(mResumedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.RESUMED){
  25. ......
  26. }
  27. //Ifwearesleeping,andthereisnoresumedactivity,andthetop
  28. //activityispaused,wellthatisthestatewewant.
  29. if((mService.mSleeping||mService.mShuttingDown)
  30. &&mLastPausedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.PAUSED){
  31. ......
  32. }
  33. ......
  34. //Ifwearecurrentlypausinganactivity,thendon'tdoanything
  35. //untilthatisdone.
  36. if(mPausingActivity!=null){
  37. ......
  38. }
  39. ......
  40. //Weneedtostartpausingthecurrentactivitysothetopone
  41. //canberesumed...
  42. if(mResumedActivity!=null){
  43. ......
  44. startPausingLocked(userLeaving,false);
  45. returntrue;
  46. }
  47. ......
  48. }
  49. ......
  50. }
函数先通过调用topRunningActivityLocked函数获得堆栈顶端的Activity,这里就是MainActivity了,这是在上面的Step 9设置好的,保存在next变量中。

接下来把mUserLeaving的保存在本地变量userLeaving中,然后重新设置为false,在上面的Step 9中,mUserLeaving的值为true,因此,这里的userLeaving为true。

这里的mResumedActivity为Launcher,因为Launcher是当前正被执行的Activity。

当我们处理休眠状态时,mLastPausedActivity保存堆栈顶端的Activity,因为当前不是休眠状态,所以mLastPausedActivity为null。

有了这些信息之后,下面的语句就容易理解了:

[java] view plain copy
  1. //Ifthetopactivityistheresumedone,nothingtodo.
  2. if(mResumedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.RESUMED){
  3. ......
  4. }
  5. //Ifwearesleeping,andthereisnoresumedactivity,andthetop
  6. //activityispaused,wellthatisthestatewewant.
  7. if((mService.mSleeping||mService.mShuttingDown)
  8. &&mLastPausedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.PAUSED){
  9. ......
  10. }
它首先看要启动的Activity是否就是当前处理Resumed状态的Activity,如果是的话,那就什么都不用做,直接返回就可以了;否则再看一下系统当前是否休眠状态,如果是的话,再看看要启动的Activity是否就是当前处于堆栈顶端的Activity,如果是的话,也是什么都不用做。

上面两个条件都不满足,因此,在继续往下执行之前,首先要把当处于Resumed状态的Activity推入Paused状态,然后才可以启动新的Activity。但是在将当前这个Resumed状态的Activity推入Paused状态之前,首先要看一下当前是否有Activity正在进入Pausing状态,如果有的话,当前这个Resumed状态的Activity就要稍后才能进入Paused状态了,这样就保证了所有需要进入Paused状态的Activity串行处理。

这里没有处于Pausing状态的Activity,即mPausingActivity为null,而且mResumedActivity也不为null,于是就调用startPausingLocked函数把Launcher推入Paused状态去了。

Step 11. ActivityStack.startPausingLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidstartPausingLocked(booleanuserLeaving,booleanuiSleeping){
  4. if(mPausingActivity!=null){
  5. ......
  6. }
  7. ActivityRecordprev=mResumedActivity;
  8. if(prev==null){
  9. ......
  10. }
  11. ......
  12. mResumedActivity=null;
  13. mPausingActivity=prev;
  14. mLastPausedActivity=prev;
  15. prev.state=ActivityState.PAUSING;
  16. ......
  17. if(prev.app!=null&&prev.app.thread!=null){
  18. ......
  19. try{
  20. ......
  21. prev.app.thread.schedulePauseActivity(prev,prev.finishing,userLeaving,
  22. prev.configChangeFlags);
  23. ......
  24. }catch(Exceptione){
  25. ......
  26. }
  27. }else{
  28. ......
  29. }
  30. ......
  31. }
  32. ......
  33. }

函数首先把mResumedActivity保存在本地变量prev中。在上一步Step 10中,说到mResumedActivity就是Launcher,因此,这里把Launcher进程中的ApplicationThread对象取出来,通过它来通知Launcher这个Activity它要进入Paused状态了。当然,这里的prev.app.thread是一个ApplicationThread对象的远程接口,通过调用这个远程接口的schedulePauseActivity来通知Launcher进入Paused状态。

参数prev.finishing表示prev所代表的Activity是否正在等待结束的Activity列表中,由于Laucher这个Activity还没结束,所以这里为false;参数prev.configChangeFlags表示哪些config发生了变化,这里我们不关心它的值。

Step 12.ApplicationThreadProxy.schedulePauseActivity

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ApplicationThreadNative.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. classApplicationThreadProxyimplementsIApplicationThread{
  2. ......
  3. publicfinalvoidschedulePauseActivity(IBindertoken,booleanfinished,
  4. booleanuserLeaving,intconfigChanges)throwsRemoteException{
  5. Parceldata=Parcel.obtain();
  6. data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
  7. data.writeStrongBinder(token);
  8. data.writeInt(finished?1:0);
  9. data.writeInt(userLeaving?1:0);
  10. data.writeInt(configChanges);
  11. mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION,data,null,
  12. IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
  13. data.recycle();
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }

这个函数通过Binder进程间通信机制进入到ApplicationThread.schedulePauseActivity函数中。

Step 13. ApplicationThread.schedulePauseActivity

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中,它是ActivityThread的内部类:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalclassApplicationThreadextendsApplicationThreadNative{
  4. ......
  5. publicfinalvoidschedulePauseActivity(IBindertoken,booleanfinished,
  6. booleanuserLeaving,intconfigChanges){
  7. queueOrSendMessage(
  8. finished?H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING:H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY,
  9. token,
  10. (userLeaving?1:0),
  11. configChanges);
  12. }
  13. ......
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }
这里调用的函数queueOrSendMessage是ActivityThread类的成员函数。

上面说到,这里的finished值为false,因此,queueOrSendMessage的第一个参数值为H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY,表示要暂停token所代表的Activity,即Launcher。

Step 14. ActivityThread.queueOrSendMessage

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidqueueOrSendMessage(intwhat,Objectobj,intarg1){
  4. queueOrSendMessage(what,obj,arg1,0);
  5. }
  6. privatefinalvoidqueueOrSendMessage(intwhat,Objectobj,intarg1,intarg2){
  7. synchronized(this){
  8. ......
  9. Messagemsg=Message.obtain();
  10. msg.what=what;
  11. msg.obj=obj;
  12. msg.arg1=arg1;
  13. msg.arg2=arg2;
  14. mH.sendMessage(msg);
  15. }
  16. }
  17. ......
  18. }
这里首先将相关信息组装成一个msg,然后通过mH成员变量发送出去,mH的类型是H,继承于Handler类,是ActivityThread的内部类,因此,这个消息最后由H.handleMessage来处理。

Step 15. H.handleMessage

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalclassHextendsHandler{
  4. ......
  5. publicvoidhandleMessage(Messagemsg){
  6. ......
  7. switch(msg.what){
  8. ......
  9. casePAUSE_ACTIVITY:
  10. handlePauseActivity((IBinder)msg.obj,false,msg.arg1!=0,msg.arg2);
  11. maybeSnapshot();
  12. break;
  13. ......
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }
  17. ......
  18. }

这里调用ActivityThread.handlePauseActivity进一步操作,msg.obj是一个ActivityRecord对象的引用,它代表的是Launcher这个Activity。
Step 16.ActivityThread.handlePauseActivity

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidhandlePauseActivity(IBindertoken,booleanfinished,
  4. booleanuserLeaving,intconfigChanges){
  5. ActivityClientRecordr=mActivities.get(token);
  6. if(r!=null){
  7. //Slog.v(TAG,"userLeaving="+userLeaving+"handlingpauseof"+r);
  8. if(userLeaving){
  9. performUserLeavingActivity(r);
  10. }
  11. r.activity.mConfigChangeFlags|=configChanges;
  12. Bundlestate=performPauseActivity(token,finished,true);
  13. //Makesureanypendingwritesarenowcommitted.
  14. QueuedWork.waitToFinish();
  15. //Telltheactivitymanagerwehavepaused.
  16. try{
  17. ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().activityPaused(token,state);
  18. }catch(RemoteExceptionex){
  19. }
  20. }
  21. }
  22. ......
  23. }
函数首先将Binder引用token转换成ActivityRecord的远程接口ActivityClientRecord,然后做了三个事情:1. 如果userLeaving为true,则通过调用performUserLeavingActivity函数来调用Activity.onUserLeaveHint通知Activity,用户要离开它了;2. 调用performPauseActivity函数来调用Activity.onPause函数,我们知道,在Activity的生命周期中,当它要让位于其它的Activity时,系统就会调用它的onPause函数;3. 它通知ActivityManagerService,这个Activity已经进入Paused状态了,ActivityManagerService现在可以完成未竟的事情,即启动MainActivity了。

Step 17. ActivityManagerProxy.activityPaused

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManagerNative.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. classActivityManagerProxyimplementsIActivityManager
  2. {
  3. ......
  4. publicvoidactivityPaused(IBindertoken,Bundlestate)throwsRemoteException
  5. {
  6. Parceldata=Parcel.obtain();
  7. Parcelreply=Parcel.obtain();
  8. data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor);
  9. data.writeStrongBinder(token);
  10. data.writeBundle(state);
  11. mRemote.transact(ACTIVITY_PAUSED_TRANSACTION,data,reply,0);
  12. reply.readException();
  13. data.recycle();
  14. reply.recycle();
  15. }
  16. ......
  17. }
这里通过Binder进程间通信机制就进入到ActivityManagerService.activityPaused函数中去了。

Step 18.ActivityManagerService.activityPaused

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. publicfinalvoidactivityPaused(IBindertoken,Bundleicicle){
  5. ......
  6. finallongorigId=Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
  7. mMainStack.activityPaused(token,icicle,false);
  8. ......
  9. }
  10. ......
  11. }
这里,又再次进入到ActivityStack类中,执行activityPaused函数。

Step 19.ActivityStack.activityPaused

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalvoidactivityPaused(IBindertoken,Bundleicicle,booleantimeout){
  4. ......
  5. ActivityRecordr=null;
  6. synchronized(mService){
  7. intindex=indexOfTokenLocked(token);
  8. if(index>=0){
  9. r=(ActivityRecord)mHistory.get(index);
  10. if(!timeout){
  11. r.icicle=icicle;
  12. r.haveState=true;
  13. }
  14. mHandler.removeMessages(PAUSE_TIMEOUT_MSG,r);
  15. if(mPausingActivity==r){
  16. r.state=ActivityState.PAUSED;
  17. completePauseLocked();
  18. }else{
  19. ......
  20. }
  21. }
  22. }
  23. }
  24. ......
  25. }
这里通过参数token在mHistory列表中得到ActivityRecord,从上面我们知道,这个ActivityRecord代表的是Launcher这个Activity,而我们在Step 11中,把Launcher这个Activity的信息保存在mPausingActivity中,因此,这里mPausingActivity等于r,于是,执行completePauseLocked操作。

Step 20.ActivityStack.completePauseLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidcompletePauseLocked(){
  4. ActivityRecordprev=mPausingActivity;
  5. ......
  6. if(prev!=null){
  7. ......
  8. mPausingActivity=null;
  9. }
  10. if(!mService.mSleeping&&!mService.mShuttingDown){
  11. resumeTopActivityLocked(prev);
  12. }else{
  13. ......
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }
  17. ......
  18. }
函数首先把mPausingActivity变量清空,因为现在不需要它了,然后调用resumeTopActivityLokced进一步操作,它传入的参数即为代表Launcher这个Activity的ActivityRecord。

Step 21.ActivityStack.resumeTopActivityLokced
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalbooleanresumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecordprev){
  4. ......
  5. //Findthefirstactivitythatisnotfinishing.
  6. ActivityRecordnext=topRunningActivityLocked(null);
  7. //Rememberhowwe'llprocessthispause/resumesituation,andensure
  8. //thatthestateisresethoweverwewindupproceeding.
  9. finalbooleanuserLeaving=mUserLeaving;
  10. mUserLeaving=false;
  11. ......
  12. next.delayedResume=false;
  13. //Ifthetopactivityistheresumedone,nothingtodo.
  14. if(mResumedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.RESUMED){
  15. ......
  16. returnfalse;
  17. }
  18. //Ifwearesleeping,andthereisnoresumedactivity,andthetop
  19. //activityispaused,wellthatisthestatewewant.
  20. if((mService.mSleeping||mService.mShuttingDown)
  21. &&mLastPausedActivity==next&&next.state==ActivityState.PAUSED){
  22. ......
  23. returnfalse;
  24. }
  25. .......
  26. //Weneedtostartpausingthecurrentactivitysothetopone
  27. //canberesumed...
  28. if(mResumedActivity!=null){
  29. ......
  30. returntrue;
  31. }
  32. ......
  33. if(next.app!=null&&next.app.thread!=null){
  34. ......
  35. }else{
  36. ......
  37. startSpecificActivityLocked(next,true,true);
  38. }
  39. returntrue;
  40. }
  41. ......
  42. }
通过上面的Step 9,我们知道,当前在堆栈顶端的Activity为我们即将要启动的MainActivity,这里通过调用topRunningActivityLocked将它取回来,保存在next变量中。之前最后一个Resumed状态的Activity,即Launcher,到了这里已经处于Paused状态了,因此,mResumedActivity为null。最后一个处于Paused状态的Activity为Launcher,因此,这里的mLastPausedActivity就为Launcher。前面我们为MainActivity创建了ActivityRecord后,它的app域一直保持为null。有了这些信息后,上面这段代码就容易理解了,它最终调用startSpecificActivityLocked进行下一步操作。

Step 22. ActivityStack.startSpecificActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidstartSpecificActivityLocked(ActivityRecordr,
  4. booleanandResume,booleancheckConfig){
  5. //Isthisactivity'sapplicationalreadyrunning?
  6. ProcessRecordapp=mService.getProcessRecordLocked(r.processName,
  7. r.info.applicationInfo.uid);
  8. ......
  9. if(app!=null&&app.thread!=null){
  10. try{
  11. realStartActivityLocked(r,app,andResume,checkConfig);
  12. return;
  13. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  14. ......
  15. }
  16. }
  17. mService.startProcessLocked(r.processName,r.info.applicationInfo,true,0,
  18. "activity",r.intent.getComponent(),false);
  19. }
  20. ......
  21. }
注意,这里由于是第一次启动应用程序的Activity,所以下面语句:

[java] view plain copy
  1. ProcessRecordapp=mService.getProcessRecordLocked(r.processName,
  2. r.info.applicationInfo.uid);
取回来的app为null。在Activity应用程序中的AndroidManifest.xml配置文件中,我们没有指定Application标签的process属性,系统就会默认使用package的名称,这里就是"shy.luo.activity"了。每一个应用程序都有自己的uid,因此,这里uid + process的组合就可以为每一个应用程序创建一个ProcessRecord。当然,我们可以配置两个应用程序具有相同的uid和package,或者在AndroidManifest.xml配置文件的application标签或者activity标签中显式指定相同的process属性值,这样,不同的应用程序也可以在同一个进程中启动。

函数最终执行ActivityManagerService.startProcessLocked函数进行下一步操作。

Step 23.ActivityManagerService.startProcessLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. finalProcessRecordstartProcessLocked(StringprocessName,
  5. ApplicationInfoinfo,booleanknownToBeDead,intintentFlags,
  6. StringhostingType,ComponentNamehostingName,booleanallowWhileBooting){
  7. ProcessRecordapp=getProcessRecordLocked(processName,info.uid);
  8. ......
  9. StringhostingNameStr=hostingName!=null
  10. ?hostingName.flattenToShortString():null;
  11. ......
  12. if(app==null){
  13. app=newProcessRecordLocked(null,info,processName);
  14. mProcessNames.put(processName,info.uid,app);
  15. }else{
  16. //Ifthisisanewpackageintheprocess,addthepackagetothelist
  17. app.addPackage(info.packageName);
  18. }
  19. ......
  20. startProcessLocked(app,hostingType,hostingNameStr);
  21. return(app.pid!=0)?app:null;
  22. }
  23. ......
  24. }
这里再次检查是否已经有以process + uid命名的进程存在,在我们这个情景中,返回值app为null,因此,后面会创建一个ProcessRecord,并存保存在成员变量mProcessNames中,最后,调用另一个startProcessLocked函数进一步操作:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. privatefinalvoidstartProcessLocked(ProcessRecordapp,
  5. StringhostingType,StringhostingNameStr){
  6. ......
  7. try{
  8. intuid=app.info.uid;
  9. int[]gids=null;
  10. try{
  11. gids=mContext.getPackageManager().getPackageGids(
  12. app.info.packageName);
  13. }catch(PackageManager.NameNotFoundExceptione){
  14. ......
  15. }
  16. ......
  17. intdebugFlags=0;
  18. ......
  19. intpid=Process.start("android.app.ActivityThread",
  20. mSimpleProcessManagement?app.processName:null,uid,uid,
  21. gids,debugFlags,null);
  22. ......
  23. }catch(RuntimeExceptione){
  24. ......
  25. }
  26. }
  27. ......
  28. }
这里主要是调用Process.start接口来创建一个新的进程,新的进程会导入android.app.ActivityThread类,并且执行它的main函数,这就是为什么我们前面说每一个应用程序都有一个ActivityThread实例来对应的原因。

Step 24. ActivityThread.main

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidattach(booleansystem){
  4. ......
  5. mSystemThread=system;
  6. if(!system){
  7. ......
  8. IActivityManagermgr=ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();
  9. try{
  10. mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
  11. }catch(RemoteExceptionex){
  12. }
  13. }else{
  14. ......
  15. }
  16. }
  17. ......
  18. publicstaticfinalvoidmain(String[]args){
  19. .......
  20. ActivityThreadthread=newActivityThread();
  21. thread.attach(false);
  22. ......
  23. Looper.loop();
  24. .......
  25. thread.detach();
  26. ......
  27. }
  28. }
这个函数在进程中创建一个ActivityThread实例,然后调用它的attach函数,接着就进入消息循环了,直到最后进程退出。

函数attach最终调用了ActivityManagerService的远程接口ActivityManagerProxy的attachApplication函数,传入的参数是mAppThread,这是一个ApplicationThread类型的Binder对象,它的作用是用来进行进程间通信的。

Step 25.ActivityManagerProxy.attachApplication

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManagerNative.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. classActivityManagerProxyimplementsIActivityManager
  2. {
  3. ......
  4. publicvoidattachApplication(IApplicationThreadapp)throwsRemoteException
  5. {
  6. Parceldata=Parcel.obtain();
  7. Parcelreply=Parcel.obtain();
  8. data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor);
  9. data.writeStrongBinder(app.asBinder());
  10. mRemote.transact(ATTACH_APPLICATION_TRANSACTION,data,reply,0);
  11. reply.readException();
  12. data.recycle();
  13. reply.recycle();
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }
这里通过Binder驱动程序,最后进入ActivityManagerService的attachApplication函数中。

Step 26.ActivityManagerService.attachApplication

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. publicfinalvoidattachApplication(IApplicationThreadthread){
  5. synchronized(this){
  6. intcallingPid=Binder.getCallingPid();
  7. finallongorigId=Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
  8. attachApplicationLocked(thread,callingPid);
  9. Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
  10. }
  11. }
  12. ......
  13. }
这里将操作转发给attachApplicationLocked函数。

Step 27.ActivityManagerService.attachApplicationLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityManagerServiceextendsActivityManagerNative
  2. implementsWatchdog.Monitor,BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback{
  3. ......
  4. privatefinalbooleanattachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThreadthread,
  5. intpid){
  6. //Findtheapplicationrecordthatisbeingattached...eithervia
  7. //thepidifwearerunninginmultipleprocesses,orjustpullthe
  8. //nextapprecordifweareemulatingprocesswithanonymousthreads.
  9. ProcessRecordapp;
  10. if(pid!=MY_PID&&pid>=0){
  11. synchronized(mPidsSelfLocked){
  12. app=mPidsSelfLocked.get(pid);
  13. }
  14. }elseif(mStartingProcesses.size()>0){
  15. ......
  16. }else{
  17. ......
  18. }
  19. if(app==null){
  20. ......
  21. returnfalse;
  22. }
  23. ......
  24. StringprocessName=app.processName;
  25. try{
  26. thread.asBinder().linkToDeath(newAppDeathRecipient(
  27. app,pid,thread),0);
  28. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  29. ......
  30. returnfalse;
  31. }
  32. ......
  33. app.thread=thread;
  34. app.curAdj=app.setAdj=-100;
  35. app.curSchedGroup=Process.THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT;
  36. app.setSchedGroup=Process.THREAD_GROUP_BG_NONINTERACTIVE;
  37. app.forcingToForeground=null;
  38. app.foregroundServices=false;
  39. app.debugging=false;
  40. ......
  41. booleannormalMode=mProcessesReady||isAllowedWhileBooting(app.info);
  42. ......
  43. booleanbadApp=false;
  44. booleandidSomething=false;
  45. //Seeifthetopvisibleactivityiswaitingtoruninthisprocess...
  46. ActivityRecordhr=mMainStack.topRunningActivityLocked(null);
  47. if(hr!=null&&normalMode){
  48. if(hr.app==null&&app.info.uid==hr.info.applicationInfo.uid
  49. &&processName.equals(hr.processName)){
  50. try{
  51. if(mMainStack.realStartActivityLocked(hr,app,true,true)){
  52. didSomething=true;
  53. }
  54. }catch(Exceptione){
  55. ......
  56. }
  57. }else{
  58. ......
  59. }
  60. }
  61. ......
  62. returntrue;
  63. }
  64. ......
  65. }

在前面的Step 23中,已经创建了一个ProcessRecord,这里首先通过pid将它取回来,放在app变量中,然后对app的其它成员进行初始化,最后调用mMainStack.realStartActivityLocked执行真正的Activity启动操作。这里要启动的Activity通过调用mMainStack.topRunningActivityLocked(null)从堆栈顶端取回来,这时候在堆栈顶端的Activity就是MainActivity了。

Step 28. ActivityStack.realStartActivityLocked

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicclassActivityStack{
  2. ......
  3. finalbooleanrealStartActivityLocked(ActivityRecordr,
  4. ProcessRecordapp,booleanandResume,booleancheckConfig)
  5. throwsRemoteException{
  6. ......
  7. r.app=app;
  8. ......
  9. intidx=app.activities.indexOf(r);
  10. if(idx<0){
  11. app.activities.add(r);
  12. }
  13. ......
  14. try{
  15. ......
  16. List<ResultInfo>results=null;
  17. List<Intent>newIntents=null;
  18. if(andResume){
  19. results=r.results;
  20. newIntents=r.newIntents;
  21. }
  22. ......
  23. app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity(newIntent(r.intent),r,
  24. System.identityHashCode(r),
  25. r.info,r.icicle,results,newIntents,!andResume,
  26. mService.isNextTransitionForward());
  27. ......
  28. }catch(RemoteExceptione){
  29. ......
  30. }
  31. ......
  32. returntrue;
  33. }
  34. ......
  35. }
这里最终通过app.thread进入到ApplicationThreadProxy的scheduleLaunchActivity函数中,注意,这里的第二个参数r,是一个ActivityRecord类型的Binder对象,用来作来这个Activity的token值。

Step 29.ApplicationThreadProxy.scheduleLaunchActivity
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ApplicationThreadNative.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. classApplicationThreadProxyimplementsIApplicationThread{
  2. ......
  3. publicfinalvoidscheduleLaunchActivity(Intentintent,IBindertoken,intident,
  4. ActivityInfoinfo,Bundlestate,List<ResultInfo>pendingResults,
  5. List<Intent>pendingNewIntents,booleannotResumed,booleanisForward)
  6. throwsRemoteException{
  7. Parceldata=Parcel.obtain();
  8. data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
  9. intent.writeToParcel(data,0);
  10. data.writeStrongBinder(token);
  11. data.writeInt(ident);
  12. info.writeToParcel(data,0);
  13. data.writeBundle(state);
  14. data.writeTypedList(pendingResults);
  15. data.writeTypedList(pendingNewIntents);
  16. data.writeInt(notResumed?1:0);
  17. data.writeInt(isForward?1:0);
  18. mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION,data,null,
  19. IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
  20. data.recycle();
  21. }
  22. ......
  23. }
这个函数最终通过Binder驱动程序进入到ApplicationThread的scheduleLaunchActivity函数中。

Step 30.ApplicationThread.scheduleLaunchActivity
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalclassApplicationThreadextendsApplicationThreadNative{
  4. ......
  5. //weusetokentoidentifythisactivitywithouthavingtosendthe
  6. //activityitselfbacktotheactivitymanager.(mattersmorewithipc)
  7. publicfinalvoidscheduleLaunchActivity(Intentintent,IBindertoken,intident,
  8. ActivityInfoinfo,Bundlestate,List<ResultInfo>pendingResults,
  9. List<Intent>pendingNewIntents,booleannotResumed,booleanisForward){
  10. ActivityClientRecordr=newActivityClientRecord();
  11. r.token=token;
  12. r.ident=ident;
  13. r.intent=intent;
  14. r.activityInfo=info;
  15. r.state=state;
  16. r.pendingResults=pendingResults;
  17. r.pendingIntents=pendingNewIntents;
  18. r.startsNotResumed=notResumed;
  19. r.isForward=isForward;
  20. queueOrSendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY,r);
  21. }
  22. ......
  23. }
  24. ......
  25. }
函数首先创建一个ActivityClientRecord实例,并且初始化它的成员变量,然后调用ActivityThread类的queueOrSendMessage函数进一步处理。

Step 31.ActivityThread.queueOrSendMessage
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalclassApplicationThreadextendsApplicationThreadNative{
  4. ......
  5. //ifthethreadhasn'tstartedyet,wedon'thavethehandler,sojust
  6. //savethemessagesuntilwe'reready.
  7. privatefinalvoidqueueOrSendMessage(intwhat,Objectobj){
  8. queueOrSendMessage(what,obj,0,0);
  9. }
  10. ......
  11. privatefinalvoidqueueOrSendMessage(intwhat,Objectobj,intarg1,intarg2){
  12. synchronized(this){
  13. ......
  14. Messagemsg=Message.obtain();
  15. msg.what=what;
  16. msg.obj=obj;
  17. msg.arg1=arg1;
  18. msg.arg2=arg2;
  19. mH.sendMessage(msg);
  20. }
  21. }
  22. ......
  23. }
  24. ......
  25. }
函数把消息内容放在msg中,然后通过mH把消息分发出去,这里的成员变量mH我们在前面已经见过,消息分发出去后,最后会调用H类的handleMessage函数。

Step 32. H.handleMessage

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalclassHextendsHandler{
  4. ......
  5. publicvoidhandleMessage(Messagemsg){
  6. ......
  7. switch(msg.what){
  8. caseLAUNCH_ACTIVITY:{
  9. ActivityClientRecordr=(ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj;
  10. r.packageInfo=getPackageInfoNoCheck(
  11. r.activityInfo.applicationInfo);
  12. handleLaunchActivity(r,null);
  13. }break;
  14. ......
  15. }
  16. ......
  17. }
  18. ......
  19. }
这里最后调用ActivityThread类的handleLaunchActivity函数进一步处理。

Step 33.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity

这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalvoidhandleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecordr,IntentcustomIntent){
  4. ......
  5. Activitya=performLaunchActivity(r,customIntent);
  6. if(a!=null){
  7. r.createdConfig=newConfiguration(mConfiguration);
  8. BundleoldState=r.state;
  9. handleResumeActivity(r.token,false,r.isForward);
  10. ......
  11. }else{
  12. ......
  13. }
  14. }
  15. ......
  16. }
这里首先调用performLaunchActivity函数来加载这个Activity类,即shy.luo.activity.MainActivity,然后调用它的onCreate函数,最后回到handleLaunchActivity函数时,再调用handleResumeActivity函数来使这个Activity进入Resumed状态,即会调用这个Activity的onResume函数,这是遵循Activity的生命周期的。

Step 34.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java文件中:

[java] view plain copy
  1. publicfinalclassActivityThread{
  2. ......
  3. privatefinalActivityperformLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecordr,IntentcustomIntent){
  4. ActivityInfoaInfo=r.activityInfo;
  5. if(r.packageInfo==null){
  6. r.packageInfo=getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo,
  7. Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
  8. }
  9. ComponentNamecomponent=r.intent.getComponent();
  10. if(component==null){
  11. component=r.intent.resolveActivity(
  12. mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());
  13. r.intent.setComponent(component);
  14. }
  15. if(r.activityInfo.targetActivity!=null){
  16. component=newComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,
  17. r.activityInfo.targetActivity);
  18. }
  19. Activityactivity=null;
  20. try{
  21. java.lang.ClassLoadercl=r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
  22. activity=mInstrumentation.newActivity(
  23. cl,component.getClassName(),r.intent);
  24. r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
  25. if(r.state!=null){
  26. r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
  27. }
  28. }catch(Exceptione){
  29. ......
  30. }
  31. try{
  32. Applicationapp=r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false,mInstrumentation);
  33. ......
  34. if(activity!=null){
  35. ContextImplappContext=newContextImpl();
  36. appContext.init(r.packageInfo,r.token,this);
  37. appContext.setOuterContext(activity);
  38. CharSequencetitle=r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
  39. Configurationconfig=newConfiguration(mConfiguration);
  40. ......
  41. activity.attach(appContext,this,getInstrumentation(),r.token,
  42. r.ident,app,r.intent,r.activityInfo,title,r.parent,
  43. r.embeddedID,r.lastNonConfigurationInstance,
  44. r.lastNonConfigurationChildInstances,config);
  45. if(customIntent!=null){
  46. activity.mIntent=customIntent;
  47. }
  48. r.lastNonConfigurationInstance=null;
  49. r.lastNonConfigurationChildInstances=null;
  50. activity.mStartedActivity=false;
  51. inttheme=r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();
  52. if(theme!=0){
  53. activity.setTheme(theme);
  54. }
  55. activity.mCalled=false;
  56. mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity,r.state);
  57. ......
  58. r.activity=activity;
  59. r.stopped=true;
  60. if(!r.activity.mFinished){
  61. activity.performStart();
  62. r.stopped=false;
  63. }
  64. if(!r.activity.mFinished){
  65. if(r.state!=null){
  66. mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity,r.state);
  67. }
  68. }
  69. if(!r.activity.mFinished){
  70. activity.mCalled=false;
  71. mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity,r.state);
  72. if(!activity.mCalled){
  73. thrownewSuperNotCalledException(
  74. "Activity"+r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()+
  75. "didnotcallthroughtosuper.onPostCreate()");
  76. }
  77. }
  78. }
  79. r.paused=true;
  80. mActivities.put(r.token,r);
  81. }catch(SuperNotCalledExceptione){
  82. ......
  83. }catch(Exceptione){
  84. ......
  85. }
  86. returnactivity;
  87. }
  88. ......
  89. }

函数前面是收集要启动的Activity的相关信息,主要package和component信息:

[java] view plain copy
  1. ActivityInfoaInfo=r.activityInfo;
  2. if(r.packageInfo==null){
  3. r.packageInfo=getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo,
  4. Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
  5. }

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