Android(安卓)安全攻防（三）： SEAndroid(安卓)Zygote

Android 安全攻防（三）： SEAndroid Zygote

在Android系统中，所有的应用程序进程，以及系统服务进程SystemServer都是由Zygote孕育fork出来的。 Zygote的native获取主要研究dalvik/vm/native/dalvik_system_Zygote.cpp，SEAndroid管控应用程序资源存取权限，对于整个dalvik，也正是在此动的手脚。

首先看抛出的DalvikNativeMethoddvm_dalvik_system_Zygote，与原生Android相比，SEAndroid 在nativeForkAndSpecialize 增加传入了两个String类型的参数：

const DalvikNativeMethod dvm_dalvik_system_Zygote[] = {    {"nativeFork", "()I",        Dalvik_dalvik_system_Zygote_fork },    { "nativeForkAndSpecialize", "(II[II[[ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)I",        Dalvik_dalvik_system_Zygote_forkAndSpecialize },    { "nativeForkSystemServer", "(II[II[[IJJ)I",        Dalvik_dalvik_system_Zygote_forkSystemServer },    { "nativeExecShell", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V",        Dalvik_dalvik_system_Zygote_execShell },    { NULL, NULL, NULL },}

那么这两个参数是什么呢？继续追一下 forkAndSpecialize。

/* native public static int forkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid,* int[] gids, int debugFlags, String seInfo, String niceName);*/static void Dalvik_dalvik_system_Zygote_forkAndSpecialize(const u4* args,JValue* pResult){    pid_t pid;    pid = forkAndSpecializeCommon(args, false);    RETURN_INT(pid);}

可以看到，增加传入的2个参数一个是seInfo，用于定义新进程的SEAndroid信息,一个是niceName，用于定义新进程名。

在static pid_t forkAndSpecializeCommon(const u4* args, bool isSystemServer)中，其中SEAndroid加入了设置SELinux安全上下文代码段，seInfo和niceName：

#ifdef HAVE_SELINUX    err = setSELinuxContext(uid, isSystemServer, seInfo, niceName);    if (err < 0) {        LOGE("cannot set SELinux context: %s\n", strerror(errno));        dvmAbort();    }    free(seInfo);    free(niceName);#endif

其中设置SELinux安全上下文方法实现：

#ifdef HAVE_SELINUX/** Set SELinux security context.** Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.*/static int setSELinuxContext(uid_t uid, bool isSystemServer,const char *seInfo, const char *niceName){#ifdef HAVE_ANDROID_OS    return selinux_android_setcontext(uid, isSystemServer, seInfo, niceName);#else    return 0;#endif}#endif

再往上一层就到了libcore/dalvik/src/main/java/dalvik/system/Zygote.java ，Zygote类的封装,对应forkAndSpecialize方法中添加seInfo和niceName参数传递。

public class Zygote {...    public static int forkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids,            int debugFlags, int[][] rlimits, String seInfo, String niceName) {        preFork();        int pid = nativeForkAndSpecialize(uid, gid, gids, debugFlags, rlimits, seInfo, niceName);        postFork();        return pid;    }    native public static int nativeForkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid,            int[] gids, int debugFlags, int[][] rlimits, String seInfo, String niceName);    /**     * Forks a new VM instance.     * @deprecated use {@link Zygote#forkAndSpecialize(int, int, int[], int, int[][])}     */    @Deprecated    public static int forkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids,            boolean enableDebugger, int[][] rlimits) {        int debugFlags = enableDebugger ? DEBUG_ENABLE_DEBUGGER : 0;        return forkAndSpecialize(uid, gid, gids, debugFlags, rlimits, null, null);    }...}

Android应用程序启动流程不再赘述，当建立了ZygoteConnection对象用于socket连接后，接下来就是调用ZygoteConnection.runOnce函数进一步处理了。

源码位置：frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteConnection.java，其中，SEAndroid增加zygote安全策略函数，在runOnce中调用。

 /**     * Applies zygote security policy.     * Based on the credentials of the process issuing a zygote command:     * <ol>     * <li> uid 0 (root) may specify --invoke-with to launch Zygote with a     * wrapper command.     * <li> Any other uid may not specify any invoke-with argument.     * </ul>     *     * @param args non-null; zygote spawner arguments     * @param peer non-null; peer credentials     * @throws ZygoteSecurityException     */    private static void applyInvokeWithSecurityPolicy(Arguments args, Credentials peer,            String peerSecurityContext)            throws ZygoteSecurityException {        int peerUid = peer.getUid();        if (args.invokeWith != null && peerUid != 0) {            throw new ZygoteSecurityException("Peer is not permitted to specify "                    + "an explicit invoke-with wrapper command");        }        if (args.invokeWith != null) {            boolean allowed = SELinux.checkSELinuxAccess(peerSecurityContext,                                                         peerSecurityContext,                                                         "zygote",                                                         "specifyinvokewith");            if (!allowed) {                throw new ZygoteSecurityException("Peer is not permitted to specify "                    + "an explicit invoke-with wrapper command");            }        }    }    /**     * Applies zygote security policy for SEAndroid information.     *     * @param args non-null; zygote spawner arguments     * @param peer non-null; peer credentials     * @throws ZygoteSecurityException     */    private static void applyseInfoSecurityPolicy(            Arguments args, Credentials peer, String peerSecurityContext)            throws ZygoteSecurityException {        int peerUid = peer.getUid();        if (args.seInfo == null) {            // nothing to check            return;        }        if (!(peerUid == 0 || peerUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID)) {            // All peers with UID other than root or SYSTEM_UID            throw new ZygoteSecurityException(                    "This UID may not specify SEAndroid info.");        }        boolean allowed = SELinux.checkSELinuxAccess(peerSecurityContext,                                                     peerSecurityContext,                                                     "zygote",                                                     "specifyseinfo");        if (!allowed) {            throw new ZygoteSecurityException(                    "Peer may not specify SEAndroid info");        }        return;    }

理所当然的，在启动一个新的进程时，frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Process.java中也会加入SEAndroid信息seInfo。

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