Android中的几种网络请求方式详解

Android应用经常会和服务器端交互，这就需要手机客户端发送网络请求，下面介绍四种常用网络请求方式，我这边是通过Android单元测试来完成这四种方法的，还不清楚Android的单元测试的同学们请看Android开发技巧总结中的Android单元测试的步骤一文。

java.net包中的HttpURLConnection类

Get方式：

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//Get方式请求
publicstaticvoidrequestByGet()throwsException{
Stringpath="https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?id=helloworld&pwd=android";
//新建一个URL对象
URLurl=newURL(path);
//打开一个HttpURLConnection连接
HttpURLConnectionurlConn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//设置连接超时时间
urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000);
//开始连接
urlConn.connect();
//判断请求是否成功
if(urlConn.getResponseCode()==HTTP_200){
//获取返回的数据
byte[]data=readStream(urlConn.getInputStream());
Log.i(TAG_GET,"Get方式请求成功，返回数据如下：");
Log.i(TAG_GET,newString(data,"UTF-8"));
}else{
Log.i(TAG_GET,"Get方式请求失败");
}
//关闭连接
urlConn.disconnect();
}

Post方式：

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//Post方式请求
publicstaticvoidrequestByPost()throwsThrowable{
Stringpath="https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp";
//请求的参数转换为byte数组
Stringparams="id="+URLEncoder.encode("helloworld","UTF-8")
+"&pwd="+URLEncoder.encode("android","UTF-8");
byte[]postData=params.getBytes();
//新建一个URL对象
URLurl=newURL(path);
//打开一个HttpURLConnection连接
HttpURLConnectionurlConn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//设置连接超时时间
urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000);
//Post请求必须设置允许输出
urlConn.setDoOutput(true);
//Post请求不能使用缓存
urlConn.setUseCaches(false);
//设置为Post请求
urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
//配置请求Content-Type
urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencode");
//开始连接
urlConn.connect();
//发送请求参数
DataOutputStreamdos=newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());
dos.write(postData);
dos.flush();
dos.close();
//判断请求是否成功
if(urlConn.getResponseCode()==HTTP_200){
//获取返回的数据
byte[]data=readStream(urlConn.getInputStream());
Log.i(TAG_POST,"Post请求方式成功，返回数据如下：");
Log.i(TAG_POST,newString(data,"UTF-8"));
}else{
Log.i(TAG_POST,"Post方式请求失败");
}
}

org.apache.http包中的HttpGet和HttpPost类

Get方式：

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//HttpGet方式请求
publicstaticvoidrequestByHttpGet()throwsException{
Stringpath="https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?id=helloworld&pwd=android";
//新建HttpGet对象
HttpGethttpGet=newHttpGet(path);
//获取HttpClient对象
HttpClienthttpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();
//获取HttpResponse实例
HttpResponsehttpResp=httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//判断是够请求成功
if(httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HTTP_200){
//获取返回的数据
Stringresult=EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,"HttpGet方式请求成功，返回数据如下：");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,result);
}else{
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,"HttpGet方式请求失败");
}
}

Post方式：

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//HttpPost方式请求
publicstaticvoidrequestByHttpPost()throwsException{
Stringpath="https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp";
//新建HttpPost对象
HttpPosthttpPost=newHttpPost(path);
//Post参数
List<NameValuePair>params=newArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("id","helloworld"));
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("pwd","android"));
//设置字符集
HttpEntityentity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8);
//设置参数实体
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
//获取HttpClient对象
HttpClienthttpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();
//获取HttpResponse实例
HttpResponsehttpResp=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
//判断是够请求成功
if(httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==HTTP_200){
//获取返回的数据
Stringresult=EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,"HttpPost方式请求成功，返回数据如下：");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,result);
}else{
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET,"HttpPost方式请求失败");
}
}

以上是一些部分代码，测试的时候在测试类中运行对应的测试方法即可。完整代码点这里下载

以流的方式向服务器发送数据：

//HTTP连接管理public class HTTPManager {private static final int TIMEOUT = 5000;private static HTTPManager instance;private HttpURLConnection conn;private InputStream is;private OutputStream os;// 控制是否是服务器404错误public static boolean isStatusFail = false;//wap网络private static final String NETWORK_INFO_CTWAP = "ctwap";    private static final String NETWORK_INFO_CMWAP = "cmwap";        private static final String CDMA_HOSTNAME = "10.0.0.200";    private static final String GSM_HOSTNAME = "10.0.0.172";    private static final int PORT = 80;public static HTTPManager getInstance() {if (instance == null) {instance = new HTTPManager();}return instance;}/**     * 获取当前可用网络, 并对相应网络设置代理     * @param url     */    private void setProxy(Context context, URL url){        Proxy typeProxy = null;        String apn = ApnUtil.getApnType(context);                if(NETWORK_INFO_CTWAP.equals(apn)){        SocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(CDMA_HOSTNAME, PORT);        typeProxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, addr);        }else if(NETWORK_INFO_CMWAP.equals(apn)){        SocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(GSM_HOSTNAME, PORT);        typeProxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, addr);        }                try {if(typeProxy != null){conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(typeProxy);  } else {conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}    }// HTTP连接@SuppressWarnings("unused")public final String HTTPConnect(Context context, String urlString, String upload) {String result = null;BufferedReader rd = null;URL url = null;conn = null;os = null;try {url = new URL(urlString);setProxy(context, url);// 设置代理if (conn == null) {conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();}conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);// 设置超时conn.setReadTimeout(TIMEOUT); // 缓存的最长时间conn.setDoInput(true);// 允许输入conn.setDoOutput(true);// 允许输出conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive");conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");if (upload != null) {byte[] dataUpdate = upload.getBytes("UTF-8");os = conn.getOutputStream();os.write(dataUpdate);}int status = 200;try {status = conn.getResponseCode();if (status == HttpStatus.SC_NOT_FOUND) {isStatusFail = true;return null;}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();is = conn.getInputStream();byte[] temp = new byte[256];int len = 0;while ((len = is.read(temp)) != -1) {baos.write(temp, 0, len);}byte[] dataResult = baos.toByteArray();result = new String(dataResult, "UTF-8");is.close();is = null;if (os != null) {os.close();os = null;}conn = null;url = null;} catch (MalformedURLException e) {} catch (IOException e) {} catch (Exception e) {}return result;}/** * 强制断开连接 * @return */public boolean killConnection() {try {if (is != null) {is.close();is = null;}if (os != null) {os.close();os = null;}if (conn != null) {conn = null;}} catch (Exception e) {return false;}return true;}}

http://blog.csdn.net/zuolongsnail/article/details/6373051

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