如果对这个效果感觉不错, 请往下看.

背景: 天气预报app, 本地数据库存储70个大中城市的基本信息, 根据用户输入的或通过搜索框选取的城市, 点击查询按钮后, 异步请求国家气象局数据, 得到返回的json解析并显示.

1. 先说AndroidManifest.xml文件

        
                
  1. <uses-sdk
    2.             
  2. android:minSdkVersion="11"
    3.             
  3. android:targetSdkVersion="16"/>
    4.             
    5.             
  5. <application>
    6.             
  6. <activity
    7.             
  7. android:name="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity"
    8.             
  8. android:launchMode="singleTop"
    9.             
  9. android:label="@string/app_name">
    10.             
  10. <intent-filter>
    11.             
  11. <!--省略-->
    12.             
  12. </intent-filter>
    13.             
    14.             
  14. <!-- 关注1 -->
    15.             
  15. <!--Receivesthesearchrequest.-->
    16.             
  16. <intent-filter>
    17.             
  17. <actionandroid:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH"/>
    18.             
  18. <!--Nocategoryneeded,becausetheIntentwillspecifythisclasscomponent-->
    19.             
  19. </intent-filter>
    20.             
    21.             
  21. <!--Pointstosearchablemetadata.-->
    22.             
  22. <meta-dataandroid:name="android.app.searchable"
    23.             
  23. android:resource="@xml/searchable"/>
    24.             
  24. <!-- /关注1 -->
    25.             
    26.             
  26. </activity>
    27.             
  27. <providerandroid:name="com.lichen.db.CityContentProvider"
    28.             
  28. android:authorities="com.lichen.cityprovider"
    29.             
  29. android:label="@string/app_name"></provider>
    30.             
    31.             
  31. <!-- 关注2 -->
    32.             
  32. <!--Pointstosearchableactivitysothewholeappcaninvokesearch.-->
    33.             
  33. <meta-dataandroid:name="android.app.default_searchable"
    34.             
  34. android:value="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity"/>
    35.             
  35. <!-- /关注2 -->
    36.             
    37.             
  37. </application>
    38.

2. menu菜单里面加入

        
                
  1. <menuxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    2.             
    3.             
  3. <itemandroid:id="@+id/search"
    4.             
  4. android:title="@string/menu_search"
    5.             
  5. android:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom"
    6.             
  6. android:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView"/>
    7.             
    8.             
  8. </menu>
    9.

3. 然后在res目录下新建xml/searchable.xml

        
                
  1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
    2.             
  2. <searchablexmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    3.             
  3. android:label="@string/search_label"
    4.             
  4. android:hint="@string/search_hint"
    5.             
  5. android:searchSuggestAuthority="com.lichen.cityprovider"
    6.             
  6. android:searchSuggestIntentAction="android.intent.action.VIEW"
    7.             
  7. android:searchSuggestIntentData="content://com.lichen.cityprovider/city"
    8.             
  8. android:searchSuggestSelection="?"
    9.             
  9. android:searchSuggestThreshold="1"
    10.             
  10. android:includeInGlobalSearch="true">
    11.             
  11. </searchable>
    12.

字符串尽量使用@string/search_label这种方式.

4. Activity中

因为注册Activity的启动方式为android:launchMode="singleTop",需要Activity的protectedvoidonNewIntent(Intentintent){}来交互.

        
                
  1. @Override
    2.             
  2. protectedvoidonNewIntent(Intentintent){
    3.             
  3. handleIntent(intent);
    4.             
  4. }
    5.             
    6.             
  6. privatevoidhandleIntent(Intentintent){
    7.             
  7. if(Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())){
    8.             
  8. //查询数据库
    9.             
  9. CursorsearchCursor=getContentResolver().query(intent.getData(),null,null,null,null);
    10.             
  10. if(searchCursor!=null&&searchCursor.moveToFirst()){
    11.             
  11. cityInput.setText(searchCursor.getString(searchCursor.getColumnIndex(City.CITY_DESCRIBE)));
    12.             
  12. }
    13.             
  13. }
    14.             
    15.             
  15. @Override
    16.             
  16. publicbooleanonCreateOptionsMenu(Menumenu){
    17.             
  17. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_weather,menu);
    18.             
    19.             
  19. SearchManagersearchManager=(SearchManager)getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE);
    20.             
  20. SearchViewsearchView=(SearchView)menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView();
    21.             
  21. searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName()));
    22.             
  22. searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false);
    23.             
  23. returntrue;
    24.             
  24. }
    25.

以上的在网上可以搜索到,接下来是重点...

5. 需要数据库支持

        
                
  1. publicclassCityDatabaseHelperextendsSQLiteOpenHelper{
    2.             
    3.             
  3. protectedstaticfinalStringDATABASE_NAME="city.db";
    4.             
  4. protectedstaticfinalintDATABASE_VERSION=6;
    5.             
  5. publicString[]columns=newString[]{
    6.             
  6. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,
    7.             
  7. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,
    8.             
  8. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1,
    9.             
  9. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2,
    10.             
  10. BaseColumns._ID,
    11.             
  11. SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID};
    12.             
    13.             
  13. privatestaticfinalHashMap<String,String>mColumnMap=buildColumnMap();
    14.             
    15.             
  15. publicCityDatabaseHelper(Contextcontext){
    16.             
  16. super(context,DATABASE_NAME,null,DATABASE_VERSION);
    17.             
  17. }
    18.             
    19.             
  19. privatestaticHashMap<String,String>buildColumnMap(){
    20.             
  20. HashMap<String,String>map=newHashMap<String,String>();
    21.             
  21. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,City.CITY_DESCRIBE+"as"+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1);
    22.             
  22. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,City.CITY_NICKNAME+"as"+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2);
    23.             
  23. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1,City.CITY_IMG+"as"+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1);
    24.             
  24. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2,City.CITY_IMG_2+"as"+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2);
    25.             
  25. map.put(BaseColumns._ID,"rowidAS"+BaseColumns._ID);
    26.             
  26. map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID,"rowidAS"+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID);
    27.             
  27. returnmap;
    28.             
  28. }
    29.             
    30.             
  30. @Override
    31.             
  31. publicvoidonCreate(SQLiteDatabasedb){
    32.             
  32. db.execSQL("createtable"
    33.             
  33. +City.TABLE_NAME
    34.             
  34. +"(_idintegerprimarykeyautoincrement,city_idinteger,city_nametext,city_nicknametext,city_describetext,city_imgtext,city_img_2text)");
    35.             
  35. }
    36.             
    37.             
  37. @Override
    38.             
  38. publicvoidonUpgrade(SQLiteDatabasedb,intoldVersion,intnewVersion){
    39.             
  39. db.execSQL("droptableifexists"+City.TABLE_NAME);
    40.             
  40. onCreate(db);
    41.             
  41. }
    42.             
    43.             
  43. /**
    44.             
  44. *用于ContentProvider调用,使用like的模糊查询
    45.             
  45. */
    46.             
  46. publicCursorsearch(StringkeyWord){
    47.             
  47. SQLiteQueryBuilderbuilder=newSQLiteQueryBuilder();
    48.             
  48. builder.setTables(City.TABLE_NAME);
    49.             
  49. builder.setProjectionMap(mColumnMap);
    50.             
  50. SQLiteDatabasedb=getReadableDatabase();
    51.             
    52.             
  52. returnbuilder.query(db,columns,City.CITY_NAME+"like?"+"or"+City.CITY_NICKNAME+"like?",newString[]{"%"+keyWord+"%","%"+keyWord+"%"},null,null,null);
    53.             
  53. }
    54.             
  54. }
    55.

6. 完成searchable.xml里面注册的ContentProvider

        
                
  1. publicclassCityContentProviderextendsContentProvider{
    2.             
    3.             
  3. publicstaticfinalStringAUTHORITY="com.lichen.cityprovider";
    4.             
    5.             
  5. privateSQLiteDatabasedb;
    6.             
  6. privateCityDatabaseHelperdbHelper;
    7.             
    8.             
  8. privatestaticfinalintQUERY_NORMAL=1;
    9.             
  9. privatestaticfinalintQUERY_BY_ID=2;
    10.             
  10. privatestaticfinalintQUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME=3;
    11.             
    12.             
  12. publicstaticUriMatcheruriMatcher;
    13.             
  13. static{
    14.             
  14. uriMatcher=newUriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    15.             
    16.             
  16. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city",QUERY_NORMAL);
    17.             
  17. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city/#",QUERY_BY_ID);
    18.             
    19.             
  19. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY,QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
    20.             
  20. uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY+"/*",QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME);
    21.             
  21. }
    22.             
    23.             
  23. @Override
    24.             
  24. publicbooleanonCreate(){
    25.             
  25. dbHelper=newCityDatabaseHelper(getContext());
    26.             
  26. returndbHelper!=null;
    27.             
  27. }
    28.             
    29.             
  29. @Override
    30.             
  30. publicCursorquery(Uriuri,String[]projection,Stringselection,
    31.             
  31. String[]selectionArgs,StringsortOrder){
    32.             
  32. db=dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
    33.             
  33. switch(uriMatcher.match(uri)){
    34.             
  34. caseQUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME:
    35.             
  35. returndbHelper.search(selectionArgs[0]);
    36.             
  36. default:
    37.             
  37. thrownewIllegalArgumentException("UnknownUri:"+uri);
    38.             
  38. }
    39.             
  39. }
    40.             
  40. }
    41.

like模糊查询对于大数据量效果可想而知,FTS3的支持还未尝试,详情参考Android SDK里面的Samples/SearchableDictionary

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