Android中Message机制的灵活应用 1.活用Android线程间通信的Message机制

1.1.Message

代码在frameworks\base\core\java\android\Os\Message.java中。

Message.obtain函数:有多个obtain函数,主要功能一样,只是参数不一样。作用是从Message Pool中取出一个Message,如果Message Pool中已经没有Message可取则新建一个Message返回,同时用对应的参数给得到的Message对象赋值。

Message Pool:大小为10个;通过Message.mPool->(Message并且Message.next)-> (Message并且Message.next)-> (Message并且Message.next)...构造一个Message Pool。Message Pool的第一个元素直接new出来,然后把Message.mPool(static类的static变量)指向它。其他的元素都是使用完的 Message通过Message的recycle函数清理后放到Message Pool(通过Message Pool最后一个Message的next指向需要回收的Message的方式实现)。下图为Message Pool的结构:




1.2.MessageQueue

MessageQueue里面有一个收到的Message的对列:

MessageQueue.mMessages(static变量)->( Message并且Message.next)-> ( Message并且Message.next)->...,下图为接收消息的消息队列:



上层代码通过Handler的sendMessage等函数放入一个message到MessageQueue里面时最终会调用 MessageQueue的 enqueueMessage函数。enqueueMessage根据上面的接收的Message的队列的构造把接收到的Message放入队列中。

MessageQueue的removeMessages函数根据上面的接收的Message的队列的构造把接收到的Message从队列中删除,并且调用对应Message对象的recycle函数把不用的Message放入Message Pool中。

1.3.Looper

Looper对象的创建是通过prepare函数,而且每一个Looper对象会和一个线程关联

Java代码

1 public static final void prepare(){
2 if (sThreadLocal.get() != null ){
3 throw new RuntimeException( " OnlyoneLoopermaybecreatedperthread " );
4 }
5 sThreadLocal.set( new Looper());
6 }
public static final void prepare() {     if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {         throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");     }     sThreadLocal.set(new Looper()); }

Looper对象创建时会创建一个MessageQueue,主线程默认会创建一个Looper从而有MessageQueue,其他线程默认是 没有 MessageQueue的不能接收Message,如果需要接收Message则需要通过prepare函数创建一个MessageQueue。具体操 作请见示例代码。

Java代码

1 private Looper(){
2 mQueue = new MessageQueue();
3 mRun = true ;
4 mThread = Thread.currentThread();
5 }
private Looper() {     mQueue = new MessageQueue();     mRun = true;     mThread = Thread.currentThread(); }

prepareMainLooper函数只给主线程调用(系统处理,程序员不用处理),它会调用prepare建立Looper对象和MessageQueue。

Java代码
public static final void prepareMainLooper() {     prepare();     setMainLooper(myLooper());     if (Process.supportsProcesses()) {         myLooper().mQueue.mQuitAllowed = false;     } }

1 public static final void prepareMainLooper(){
2 prepare();
3 setMainLooper(myLooper());
4 if (Process.supportsProcesses()){
5 myLooper().mQueue.mQuitAllowed = false ;
6 }
7 }

Loop函数从MessageQueue中从前往后取出Message,然后通过Handler的dispatchMessage函数进行消息的 处理(可见消息的处理是Handler负责的),消息处理完了以后通过Message对象的recycle函数放到Message Pool中,以便下次使用,通过Pool的处理提供了一定的内存管理从而加速消息对象的获取。至于需要定时处理的消息如何做到定时处理,请见 MessageQueue的next函数,它在取Message来进行处理时通过判断MessageQueue里面的Message是否符合时间要求来决 定是否需要把Message取出来做处理,通过这种方式做到消息的定时处理。

Java代码
1 public static final void loop(){
2 Looperme = myLooper();
3 MessageQueuequeue = me.mQueue;
4 while ( true ){
5 Messagemsg = queue.next(); // mightblock
6 // if(!me.mRun){
7 // break;
8 // }
9 if (msg != null ){
10 if (msg.target == null ){
11 // Notargetisamagicidentifierforthequitmessage
12 return ;
13 }
14
15 if (me.mLogging != null )
16 me.mLogging.println( " >>>>>Dispatchingto " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback + " : " + msg.what);
17 msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
18 if (me.mLogging != null )
19 me.mLogging.println( " <<<<<Finishedto " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);
20 msg.recycle();
21 }
22 }
23 }

1.4.Handler

Handler的构造函数表示Handler会有成员变量指向Looper和MessageQueue,后面我们会看到没什么需要这些引用;至于callback是实现了Callback接口的对象,后面会看到这个对象的作用。

Java代码

1 public Handler(Looperlooper,Callbackcallback){
2 mLooper = looper;
3 mQueue = looper.mQueue;
4 mCallback = callback;
5 }
6
7 public interface Callback{
8 public boolean handleMessage(Messagemsg);
9 }
public Handler(Looper looper, Callback callback) {     mLooper = looper;     mQueue = looper.mQueue;     mCallback = callback; }  public interface Callback {     public boolean handleMessage(Message msg); }

获取消息:直接通过Message的obtain方法获取一个Message对象。

Java代码

1 public final MessageobtainMessage( int what, int arg1, int arg2,Objectobj){
2 return Message.obtain( this ,what,arg1,arg2,obj);
3 }
public final Message obtainMessage(int what, int arg1, int arg2, Object obj){     return Message.obtain(this, what, arg1, arg2, obj); }

发送消息:通过MessageQueue的enqueueMessage把Message对象放到MessageQueue的接收消息队列中

Java代码
public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis){     boolean sent = false;     MessageQueue queue = mQueue;     if (queue != null) {         msg.target = this;     sent = queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);     } else {         RuntimeException e = new RuntimeException(this + " sendMessageAtTime() called with no mQueue");         Log.w("Looper", e.getMessage(), e);     }     return sent; }

1 public boolean sendMessageAtTime(Messagemsg, long uptimeMillis){
2 boolean sent = false ;
3 MessageQueuequeue = mQueue;
4 if (queue != null ){
5 msg.target = this ;
6 sent = queue.enqueueMessage(msg,uptimeMillis);
7 } else {
8 RuntimeExceptione = new RuntimeException( this + " sendMessageAtTime()calledwithnomQueue " );
9 Log.w( " Looper " ,e.getMessage(),e);
10 }
11 return sent;
12 }

线程如何处理MessageQueue中接收的消息:在Looper的loop函数中循环取出MessageQueue的接收消息队列中的消息, 然后调用 Hander的dispatchMessage函数对消息进行处理,至于如何处理(相应消息)则由用户指定(三个方法,优先级从高到低:Message里 面的Callback,一个实现了Runnable接口的对象,其中run函数做处理工作;Handler里面的mCallback指向的一个实现了 Callback接口的对象,里面的handleMessage进行处理;处理消息Handler对象对应的类继承并实现了其中 handleMessage函数,通过这个实现的handleMessage函数处理消息)。

Java代码

1 public void dispatchMessage(Messagemsg){
2 if (msg.callback != null ){
3 handleCallback(msg);
4 } else {
5 if (mCallback != null ){
6 if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)){
7 return ;
8 }
9 }
10 handleMessage(msg);
11 }
12 }
public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {     if (msg.callback != null) {         handleCallback(msg);     } else {         if (mCallback != null) {             if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {                 return;             }         }         handleMessage(msg);     } }

Runnable说明:Runnable只是一个接口,实现了这个接口的类对应的对象也只是个普通的对象,并不是一个Java中的Thread。Thread类经常使用Runnable,很多人有误解,所以这里澄清一下。


从上可知以下关系图:



其中清理Message是Looper里面的loop函数指把处理过的Message放到Message的Pool里面去,如果里面已经超过最大值10个,则丢弃这个Message对象。

调用Handler是指Looper里面的loop函数从MessageQueue的接收消息队列里面取出消息,然后根据消息指向的Handler对象调用其对应的处理方法。

1.5.代码示例

下面我们会以android实例来展示对应的功能,程序界面于下:



程序代码如下,后面部分有代码说明:

Java代码
1 package com.android.messageexample;
2 import android.app.Activity;
3 import android.content.Context;
4 import android.graphics.Color;
5 import android.os.Bundle;
6 import android.os.Handler;
7 import android.os.Looper;
8 import android.os.Message;
9 import android.util.Log;
10 import android.view.View;
11 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
12 import android.widget.Button;
13 import android.widget.LinearLayout;
14 import android.widget.TextView;
15 public class MessageExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
16 private final int WC = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
17 private final int FP = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT;
18 public TextViewtv;
19 private EventHandlermHandler;
20 private HandlermOtherThreadHandler = null ;
21 private Buttonbtn,btn2,btn3,btn4,btn5,btn6;
22 private NoLooperThreadnoLooerThread = null ;
23 private OwnLooperThreadownLooperThread = null ;
24 private ReceiveMessageThreadreceiveMessageThread = null ;
25 private Contextcontext = null ;
26 private final StringsTag = " MessageExample " ;
27 private boolean postRunnable = false ;
28
29 /** Calledwhentheactivityisfirstcreated. */
30 @Override
31 public void onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
32 super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
33 context = this .getApplicationContext();
34 LinearLayoutlayout = new LinearLayout( this );
35 layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
36 btn = new Button( this );
37 btn.setId( 101 );
38 btn.setText( " messagefrommainthreadself " );
39 btn.setOnClickListener( this );
40 LinearLayout.LayoutParamsparam =
41 new LinearLayout.LayoutParams( 250 , 50 );
42 param.topMargin = 10 ;
43 layout.addView(btn,param);
44 btn2 = new Button( this );
45 btn2.setId( 102 );
46 btn2.setText( " messagefromotherthreadtomainthread " );
47 btn2.setOnClickListener( this );
48 layout.addView(btn2,param);
49 btn3 = new Button( this );
50 btn3.setId( 103 );
51 btn3.setText( " messagetootherthreadfromitself " );
52 btn3.setOnClickListener( this );
53 layout.addView(btn3,param);
54 btn4 = new Button( this );
55 btn4.setId( 104 );
56 btn4.setText( " messagewithRunnableascallbackfromotherthreadtomainthread " );
57 btn4.setOnClickListener( this );
58 layout.addView(btn4,param);
59 btn5 = new Button( this );
60 btn5.setId( 105 );
61 btn5.setText( " mainthread'smessagetootherthread " );
62 btn5.setOnClickListener( this );
63 layout.addView(btn5,param);
64 btn6 = new Button( this );
65 btn6.setId( 106 );
66 btn6.setText( " exit " );
67 btn6.setOnClickListener( this );
68 layout.addView(btn6,param);
69 tv = new TextView( this );
70 tv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
71 tv.setText( "" );
72 LinearLayout.LayoutParamsparam2 =
73 new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(FP,WC);
74 param2.topMargin = 10 ;
75 layout.addView(tv,param2);
76 setContentView(layout);
77
78 // 主线程要发送消息给otherthread,这里创建那个otherthread
79 receiveMessageThread = new ReceiveMessageThread();
80 receiveMessageThread.start();
81 }
82
83 // implementtheOnClickListenerinterface
84 @Override
85 public void onClick(Viewv){
86 switch (v.getId()){
87 case 101 :
88 // 主线程发送消息给自己
89 Looperlooper;
90 looper = Looper.myLooper(); // gettheMainlooperrelatedwiththemainthread
91 // 如果不给任何参数的话会用当前线程对应的Looper(这里就是MainLooper)为Handler里面的成员mLooper赋值
92 mHandler = new EventHandler(looper);
93 // mHandler=newEventHandler();
94 // 清除整个MessageQueue里的消息
95 mHandler.removeMessages( 0 );
96 Stringobj = " Thismainthread'smessageandreceivedbyitself! " ;
97 // 得到Message对象
98 Messagem = mHandler.obtainMessage( 1 , 1 , 1 ,obj);
99 // 将Message对象送入到mainthread的MessageQueue里面
100 mHandler.sendMessage(m);
101 break ;
102 case 102 :
103 // other线程发送消息给主线程
104 postRunnable = false ;
105 noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();
106 noLooerThread.start();
107 break ;
108 case 103 :
109 // otherthread获取它自己发送的消息
110 tv.setText( " pleaselookattheerrorlevellogforotherthreadreceivedmessage " );
111 ownLooperThread = new OwnLooperThread();
112 ownLooperThread.start();
113 break ;
114 case 104 :
115 // otherthread通过PostRunnable方式发送消息给主线程
116 postRunnable = true ;
117 noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();
118 noLooerThread.start();
119 break ;
120 case 105 :
121 // 主线程发送消息给otherthread
122 if ( null != mOtherThreadHandler){
123 tv.setText( " pleaselookattheerrorlevellogforotherthreadreceivedmessagefrommainthread " );
124 StringmsgObj = " messagefrommainThread " ;
125 MessagemainThreadMsg = mOtherThreadHandler.obtainMessage( 1 , 1 , 1 ,msgObj);
126 mOtherThreadHandler.sendMessage(mainThreadMsg);
127 }
128 break ;
129 case 106 :
130 finish();
131 break ;
132 }
133 }
134 class EventHandler extends Handler
135 {
136 public EventHandler(Looperlooper){
137 super (looper);
138 }
139 public EventHandler(){
140 super ();
141 }
142 public void handleMessage(Messagemsg){
143 // 可以根据msg.what执行不同的处理,这里没有这么做
144 switch (msg.what){
145 case 1 :
146 tv.setText((String)msg.obj);
147 break ;
148 case 2 :
149 tv.setText((String)msg.obj);
150 noLooerThread.stop();
151 break ;
152 case 3 :
153 // 不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI,所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息
154 Log.e(sTag,(String)msg.obj);
155 ownLooperThread.stop();
156 break ;
157 default :
158 // 不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI,所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息
159 Log.e(sTag,(String)msg.obj);
160 break ;
161 }
162 }
163 }
164 // NoLooperThread
165 class NoLooperThread extends Thread{
166 private EventHandlermNoLooperThreadHandler;
167 public void run(){
168 LoopermyLooper,mainLooper;
169 myLooper = Looper.myLooper();
170 mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); // 这是一个static函数
171 Stringobj;
172 if (myLooper == null ){
173 mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);
174 obj = " NoLooperThreadhasnolooperandhandleMessagefunctionexecutedinmainthread! " ;
175 }
176 else {
177 mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);
178 obj = " ThisisfromNoLooperThreadselfandhandleMessagefunctionexecutedinNoLooperThread! " ;
179 }
180 mNoLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages( 0 );
181 if ( false == postRunnable){
182 // sendmessagetomainthread
183 Messagem = mNoLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage( 2 , 1 , 1 ,obj);
184 mNoLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);
185 Log.e(sTag, " NoLooperThreadid: " + this .getId());
186 } else {
187 // 下面new出来的实现了Runnable接口的对象中run函数是在MainThread中执行,不是在NoLooperThread中执行
188 // 注意Runnable是一个接口,它里面的run函数被执行时不会再新建一个线程
189 // 您可以在run上加断点然后在eclipse调试中看它在哪个线程中执行
190 mNoLooperThreadHandler.post( new Runnable(){
191 @Override
192 public void run(){
193 tv.setText( " updateUIthroughhandlerpostrunnalbemechanism! " );
194 noLooerThread.stop();
195 }
196 });
197 }
198 }
199 }
200
201 // OwnLooperThreadhashisownmessagequeuebyexecuteLooper.prepare();
202 class OwnLooperThread extends Thread{
203 private EventHandlermOwnLooperThreadHandler;
204 public void run(){
205 Looper.prepare();
206 LoopermyLooper,mainLooper;
207 myLooper = Looper.myLooper();
208 mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper(); // 这是一个static函数
209 Stringobj;
210 if (myLooper == null ){
211 mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);
212 obj = " OwnLooperThreadhasnolooperandhandleMessagefunctionexecutedinmainthread! " ;
213 }
214 else {
215 mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);
216 obj = " ThisisfromOwnLooperThreadselfandhandleMessagefunctionexecutedinNoLooperThread! " ;
217 }
218 mOwnLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages( 0 );
219 // 给自己发送消息
220 Messagem = mOwnLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage( 3 , 1 , 1 ,obj);
221 mOwnLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);
222 Looper.loop();
223 }
224 }
225
226 // ReceiveMessageThreadhashisownmessagequeuebyexecuteLooper.prepare();
227 class ReceiveMessageThread extends Thread{
228 public void run(){
229 Looper.prepare();
230 mOtherThreadHandler = new Handler(){
231 public void handleMessage(Messagemsg){
232 Log.e(sTag,(String)msg.obj);
233 }
234 };
235 Looper.loop();
236 }
237 }
238
239 }

package com.android.messageexample; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Color; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Looper; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.LinearLayout; import android.widget.TextView; public class MessageExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener {  private final int WC = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;   private final int FP = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT;   public TextView tv;   private EventHandler mHandler;   private Handler mOtherThreadHandler=null;   private Button btn, btn2, btn3, btn4, btn5, btn6;   private NoLooperThread noLooerThread = null;   private OwnLooperThread ownLooperThread = null;   private ReceiveMessageThread receiveMessageThread =null;   private Context context = null;   private final String sTag = "MessageExample";   private boolean postRunnable = false;    /** Called when the activity is first created. */  @Override   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   context = this.getApplicationContext();   LinearLayout layout = new LinearLayout(this);   layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);   btn = new Button(this);   btn.setId(101);   btn.setText("message from main thread self");   btn.setOnClickListener(this);   LinearLayout.LayoutParams param =     new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(250,50);   param.topMargin = 10;   layout.addView(btn, param);   btn2 = new Button(this);   btn2.setId(102);   btn2.setText("message from other thread to main thread");   btn2.setOnClickListener(this);   layout.addView(btn2, param);   btn3 = new Button(this);   btn3.setId(103);   btn3.setText("message to other thread from itself");   btn3.setOnClickListener(this);   layout.addView(btn3, param);   btn4 = new Button(this);   btn4.setId(104);   btn4.setText("message with Runnable as callback from other thread to main thread");   btn4.setOnClickListener(this);   layout.addView(btn4, param);   btn5 = new Button(this);   btn5.setId(105);   btn5.setText("main thread's message to other thread");   btn5.setOnClickListener(this);   layout.addView(btn5, param);   btn6 = new Button(this);   btn6.setId(106);   btn6.setText("exit");   btn6.setOnClickListener(this);   layout.addView(btn6, param);   tv = new TextView(this);   tv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);   tv.setText("");   LinearLayout.LayoutParams param2 =    new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(FP, WC);   param2.topMargin = 10;   layout.addView(tv, param2);   setContentView(layout);       //主线程要发送消息给other thread, 这里创建那个other thread receiveMessageThread = new ReceiveMessageThread(); receiveMessageThread.start();   }    //implement the OnClickListener interface  @Override  public void onClick(View v) { switch(v.getId()){ case 101:  //主线程发送消息给自己  Looper looper;  looper = Looper.myLooper();//get the Main looper related with the main thread  //如果不给任何参数的话会用当前线程对应的Looper(这里就是Main Looper)为Handler里面的成员mLooper赋值  mHandler = new EventHandler(looper);   //mHandler = new EventHandler();  // 清除整个MessageQueue里的消息  mHandler.removeMessages(0);  String obj = "This main thread's message and received by itself!";  //得到Message对象  Message m = mHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, obj);  // 将Message对象送入到main thread的MessageQueue里面  mHandler.sendMessage(m);  break; case 102:    //other线程发送消息给主线程  postRunnable = false;  noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();  noLooerThread.start();  break; case 103:  //other thread获取它自己发送的消息  tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message");  ownLooperThread = new OwnLooperThread();  ownLooperThread.start();  break;  case 104:   //other thread通过Post Runnable方式发送消息给主线程  postRunnable = true;  noLooerThread = new NoLooperThread();  noLooerThread.start();  break; case 105:   //主线程发送消息给other thread  if(null!=mOtherThreadHandler){   tv.setText("please look at the error level log for other thread received message from main thread");   String msgObj = "message from mainThread";   Message mainThreadMsg = mOtherThreadHandler.obtainMessage(1, 1, 1, msgObj);   mOtherThreadHandler.sendMessage(mainThreadMsg);  }  break; case 106:  finish();  break; }  }  class EventHandler extends Handler  { public EventHandler(Looper looper) {  super(looper); } public EventHandler() {  super(); } public void handleMessage(Message msg) {  //可以根据msg.what执行不同的处理,这里没有这么做  switch(msg.what){  case 1:   tv.setText((String)msg.obj);   break;  case 2:   tv.setText((String)msg.obj);   noLooerThread.stop();   break;  case 3:   //不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI,所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息   Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);   ownLooperThread.stop();   break;  default:   //不能在非主线程的线程里面更新UI,所以这里通过Log打印收到的消息   Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);   break;  } }  }  //NoLooperThread  class NoLooperThread extends Thread{ private EventHandler mNoLooperThreadHandler; public void run() {  Looper myLooper, mainLooper;  myLooper = Looper.myLooper();  mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper();  //这是一个static函数  String obj;  if(myLooper == null){   mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);   obj = "NoLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";  }  else {   mNoLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);   obj = "This is from NoLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";  }  mNoLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);  if(false == postRunnable){   //send message to main thread   Message m = mNoLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(2, 1, 1, obj);   mNoLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);   Log.e(sTag, "NoLooperThread id:" + this.getId());  }else{   //下面new出来的实现了Runnable接口的对象中run函数是在Main Thread中执行,不是在NoLooperThread中执行   //注意Runnable是一个接口,它里面的run函数被执行时不会再新建一个线程   //您可以在run上加断点然后在eclipse调试中看它在哪个线程中执行   mNoLooperThreadHandler.post(new Runnable(){  @Override  public void run() {   tv.setText("update UI through handler post runnalbe mechanism!");   noLooerThread.stop();  }   });  } }  }    //OwnLooperThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();  class OwnLooperThread extends Thread{ private EventHandler mOwnLooperThreadHandler; public void run() {  Looper.prepare();   Looper myLooper, mainLooper;  myLooper = Looper.myLooper();  mainLooper = Looper.getMainLooper();  //这是一个static函数  String obj;  if(myLooper == null){   mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(mainLooper);   obj = "OwnLooperThread has no looper and handleMessage function executed in main thread!";  }  else {   mOwnLooperThreadHandler = new EventHandler(myLooper);   obj = "This is from OwnLooperThread self and handleMessage function executed in NoLooperThread!";  }  mOwnLooperThreadHandler.removeMessages(0);  //给自己发送消息  Message m = mOwnLooperThreadHandler.obtainMessage(3, 1, 1, obj);  mOwnLooperThreadHandler.sendMessage(m);  Looper.loop();  }  }    //ReceiveMessageThread has his own message queue by execute Looper.prepare();  class ReceiveMessageThread extends Thread{ public void run() {  Looper.prepare();  mOtherThreadHandler = new Handler(){   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {  Log.e(sTag, (String)msg.obj);   }  };  Looper.loop(); }  }   }

说明(代码详细解释请见后文):

使用Looper.myLooper静态方法可以取得当前线程的Looper对象。

使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.myLooper()); 可建立用来处理当前线程的Handler对象;其中,EevntHandler是Handler的子类。

使用mHandler = new EevntHandler(Looper.getMainLooper()); 可建立用来处理main线程的Handler对象;其中,EevntHandler是Handler的子类。


1.5.1.主线程给自己发送消息示例

主线程发送消息:

在onClick的case 101中创建一个继承自Handler的EventHandler对象,然后获取一个消息,然后通过EventHandler对象调用 sendMessage把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。主线程由系统创建,系统会给它建立一个Looper对象和 MessageQueue,所以可以接收消息。这里只要根据主线程的Looper对象初始化EventHandler对象,就可以通过 EventHandler对象发送消息到主线程的消息队列中。

主线程处理消息:

这里是通过EventHandler的handleMessage函数处理的,其中收到的Message对象中what值为一的消息就是发送给它的,然后把消息里面附带的字符串在TextView上显示出来。


1.5.2.其他线程给主线程发送消息示例

其他线程发送消息(这里是说不使用Runnable作为callback的消息):

首先 postRunnable设为false,表示不通过Runnable方式进行消息相关的操作。然后启动线程noLooerThread,然后以主线程的 Looper对象为参数建立EventHandler的对象mNoLooperThreadHandler,然后获取一个Message并把一个字符串赋 值给它的一个成员obj,然后通过mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。

主线程处理消息:

这里是通过EventHandler的handleMessage函数处理的,其中收到的Message对象中what值为二的消息就是上面发送给它的,然后把消息里面附带的字符串在TextView上显示出来。

1.5.3.其他线程给自己发送消息示例

其他线程发送消息:

其他非主线程建立后没有自己的Looper对象,所以也没有MessageQueue,需要给非主线程发送消息时需要建立 MessageQueue以便接收消息。下面说明如何给自己建立MessageQueue和Looper对象。从OwnLooperThread的run 函数中可以看见有一个 Looper.prepare()调用,这个就是用来建立非主线程的MessageQueue和Looper对象的。

所以这里的发送消息过程是建立线程mOwnLooperThread,然后线程建立自己的Looper和MessageQueue对象,然后根据 上面建立的Looper对象建立对应的EventHandler对象mOwnLooperThreadHandler,然后由 mOwnLooperThreadHandler建立消息并且发送到自己的MessageQueue里面。

其他线程处理接收的消息:

线程要接收消息需要在run函数中调用Looper.loop(),然后loop函数会从MessageQueue中取出消息交给对应的 Handler对象 mOwnLooperThreadHandler处理,在mOwnLooperThreadHandler的handleMessage函数中会把 Message对象中what值为三的消息(上面发送的消息)在Log中打印出来,可以通过Logcat工具查看log。

1.5.4.其他线程以Runnable为消息参数给主线程发送消息示例

其他线程发送消息(这里是说使用Runnable作为callback的消息):

首先 postRunnable设为true,表示通过Runnable方式进行消息相关的操作。然后启动线程noLooerThread,然后以主线程的 Looper对象为参数建立EventHandler的对象mNoLooperThreadHandler,然后获取一个Message并把一个字符串赋 值给它的一个成员obj,然后通过mNoLooperThreadHandler把消息发送到主线程的MessageQueue中。

主线程处理消息:

主线程收到上面发送的Message后直接运行上面Runnable对象中的run函数进行相应的操作。run函数通过Log打印一个字符串,可以通过Logcat工具查看log。


1.5.5.主线程给其他线程发送消息示例

主线程发送消息:

这里首先要求线程receiveMessageThread运行(在onCreate函数中完成),并且准备好自己的Looper和 MessageQueue(这个通过ReceiveMessageThread中的run函数中的Looper.prepare()调用完成),然后根据 建立的Looper对象初始化Handler对象mOtherThreadHandler。然后在onClick的case 105中由mOtherThreadHandler建立一个消息(消息中有一个字符串对象)并且发送到线程receiveMessageThread中的 MessageQueue中。

其他线程处理接收的消息:

线程要接收消息需要在run函数中调用Looper.loop(),然后loop函数会从MessageQueue中取出消息交给对应的 Handler对象mOtherThreadHandler处理,在mOtherThreadHandler的handleMessage函数中会把 Message对象中的字符串对象在Log中打印出来,可以通过Logcat工具查看log。
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