Android:shape属性详解(图文并茂)
语法结构:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
元素属性:
android:shape
Defines the type of shape. Valid values are:(定义这个类型的形状,变量值是:)
Value Desciption "rectangle"
A rectangle (长方形)that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.(这个是默认的形状) "oval"
An oval (椭圆形)shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View. "line"
A horizontalline that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the element to define the width of the line.
"ring"
A ring shape.(环形)
1.rectangle属性
可用于制作按钮等控件背景,如:常用圆角背景框、渐变色背景、透明背景层......;
如上图所示,只需设置solid属性颜色值为#60000000,即可为TextView设置半透明背景层了。
如果在TextView或者父容器中使用alpha=0.5,将会导致文字内容也呈现半透明效果,显然不是设计所需!
如果使用RelativeLayout布局,多使用一个半透明背景层View也能实现上图效果,但操作繁琐,不太理想!
2.line属性
可用于制作分隔线(渐变色分隔线)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:shape="line" > <stroke android:width="4dp" android:color="@android:color/black" />shape>3.ring属性
The following attributes are used only when
android:shape="ring"
:
android:innerRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the inner part of the ring (the hole in the middle), as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:innerRadiusRatio
- Float. The radius for the inner part of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if
android:innerRadiusRatio="5"
, then the inner radius equals the ring's width divided by 5. This value is overridden byandroid:innerRadius
. Default value is 9.android:thickness
- Dimension. The thickness of the ring, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:thicknessRatio
- Float. The thickness of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if
android:thicknessRatio="2"
, then the thickness equals the ring's width divided by 2. This value is overridden byandroid:innerRadius
. Default value is 3.android:useLevel
- Boolean. "true" if this is used as a
LevelListDrawable
. This should normally be "false" or your shape may not appear.Creates rounded corners for the shape. Applies only when the shape is a rectangle.创建圆角的形状。仅适用于当其形状是一个长方形。
attributes:
android:radius
- Dimension. The radius for all corners, as a dimension value or dimension resource. This is overridden for each corner by the following attributes.
android:topLeftRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the top-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:topRightRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the top-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:bottomLeftRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the bottom-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:bottomRightRadius
- Dimension. The radius for the bottom-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: Every corner must (initially) be provided a corner radius greater than 1, or else no corners are rounded. If you want specific corners to notbe rounded, a work-around is to use
android:radius
to set a default corner radius greater than 1, but then override each and every corner with the values you really want, providing zero ("0dp") where you don't want rounded corners.Specifies a gradient color for the shape.指定一个渐变颜色的形状。
attributes:
android:angle
- Integer. The angle for the gradient, in degrees. 0 is left to right, 90 is bottom to top. It must be a multiple of 45. Default is 0.
android:centerX
- Float. The relative X-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).
android:centerY
- Float. The relative Y-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).
android:centerColor
- Color. Optional color that comes between the start and end colors, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
android:endColor
- Color. The ending color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
android:gradientRadius
- Float. The radius for the gradient. Only applied when
android:type="radial"
.android:startColor
- Color. The starting color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
android:type
- Keyword. The type of gradient pattern to apply. Valid values are:
Value Description "linear"
A linear gradient. This is the default. "radial"
A radial gradient. The start color is the center color. "sweep"
A sweeping line gradient. android:useLevel
- Boolean. "true" if this is used as a
LevelListDrawable
.Padding to apply to the containing View element (this pads the position of the View content, not the shape).适用于包含填充视图元素(这垫的位置,而不是观点内容的形状)
attributes:
android:left
- Dimension. Left padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:top
- Dimension. Top padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:right
- Dimension. Right padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:bottom
- Dimension. Bottom padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
The size of the shape.
attributes:
android:height
- Dimension. The height of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:width
- Dimension. The width of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
Note: The shape scales to the size of the container View proportionate to the dimensions defined here, by default. When you use the shape in an
ImageView
, you can restrict scaling by setting theandroid:scaleType
to"center"
.A solid color to fill the shape.
attributes:
android:color
- Color. The color to apply to the shape, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
A stroke line for the shape.
attributes:
android:width
- Dimension. The thickness of the line, as a dimension value or dimension resource.
android:color
- Color. The color of the line, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.
android:dashGap
- Dimension. The distance between line dashes, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if
android:dashWidth
is set.android:dashWidth
- Dimension. The size of each dash line, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if
android:dashGap
is set.gradient -- 对应颜色渐变。 startcolor、endcolor就不多说了。 android:angle 是指从哪个角度开始变。
gradient:渐变
android:startColor和android:endColor分别为起始和结束颜色,android:angle是渐变角度,必须为45的整数倍。
另外渐变默认的模式为android:type="linear",即线性渐变,可以指定渐变为径向渐变,android:type="radial",径向渐变需要指定半径android:gradientRadius="50"。solid -- 填充。
solid:实心,就是填充的意思
android:color指定填充的颜色stroke -- 描边。
stroke:描边
android:width="2dp" 描边的宽度,android:color 描边的颜色。
我们还可以把描边弄成虚线的形式,设置方式为:
android:dashWidth="5dp"
android:dashGap="3dp"
其中android:dashWidth表示'-'这样一个横线的宽度,android:dashGap表示之间隔开的距离。corners -- 圆角。
corners:圆角
android:radius为角的弧度,值越大角越圆。
我们还可以把四个角设定成不同的角度,方法为:
android:topRightRadius="20dp" 右上角
android:bottomLeftRadius="20dp" 右下角
android:topLeftRadius="1dp" 左上角
android:bottomRightRadius="0dp" 左下角
/>
这里有个地方需要注意,bottomLeftRadius是右下角,而不是左下角!
附上:颜色对照表链接:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_684a1d160100umuq.html
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