Android--ListView(列表视图)的使用
16lz
2021-01-26
前言
当你要将某个从数据库或者文件中获得相当大的数据，在界面中向用户展示的时候，由于定义一个个视图比较麻烦，Android中提供了类似于数组的控件–ListView。
使用方法:
假设我们要转的数据是一个Person对象数组
package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;public class Person {private String name;private String tel;public Person(String name, String tel) {super();this.name = name;this.tel = tel;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getTel() {return tel;}public void setTel(String tel) {this.tel = tel;}public String toString() {return "点击的联系人为" + this.getName() +"\n电话号码为" + this.getTel();}}Person[] DB = { new Person("张三","18555555555"), new Person("李四","18555555556"), new Person("王五","18555555557"), new Person("赵六","18555555558"), new Person("邓七","18555555559") }; List<Person> friend_List; friend_List = new ArrayList<Person>();for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) {friend_List.add(DB[i]);}1，首先，你需要在xml中加入一个listview控件:
<ListView android:id="@+id/data_view" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" >ListView>2，接着你需要创建一个适配器MyAdapter类，这个适配器的作用时将你要展示的数据转成可见格式也就时View。
class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {@Overridepublic int getCount() { //返回表的长度// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn friend_List.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int position) { //返回表的index位置的元组// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn friend_List.get(position); }@Overridepublic long getItemId(int position) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn position;}@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素// TODO Auto-generated method stubView view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());return view;//初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中} }3，然后要在xml中写下你要转成的view的模板
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="horizontal" > <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_item_name" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="20sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv_item_tel" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:textSize="20sp" />LinearLayout>4，最后在MainActivity中把listview的适配器设置一下。调用setAdapter这个方法
data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter);Android代码：
xml：
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <TextView android:id="@+id/tv1" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="姓名" android:textSize="20sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/tv2" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="center" android:text="联系电话" android:textSize="20sp" /> LinearLayout> <ListView android:id="@+id/data_view" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > ListView>LinearLayout>MainActivity:
package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.BaseAdapter;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity {List<Person> friend_List; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ListView data_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.data_view); Person[] DB = { new Person("张三","18555555555"), new Person("李四","18555555556"), new Person("王五","18555555557"), new Person("赵六","18555555558"), new Person("邓七","18555555559") }; friend_List = new ArrayList<Person>(); for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) { friend_List.add(DB[i]); } //自定义适配器 MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(); data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter); data_view.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,int position, long id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString temp = friend_List.get((int)id).toString();Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, temp, 0).show();}}); } class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {@Overridepublic int getCount() { //返回表的长度// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn friend_List.size();}@Overridepublic Object getItem(int position) { //返回表的index位置的元组// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn friend_List.get(position); }@Overridepublic long getItemId(int position) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn position;}@Overridepublic View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素// TODO Auto-generated method stubView view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());return view;//初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中} }}效果：
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