Android(安卓)自定义Dialog的实现
16lz
2021-01-26
最新实现了一个自定义Dialog的需求,先看看效果图:
下面说说如何实现:
首先需要自定义一个Dialog类,继承自android.app.Dialog类。这个Dialog类就是要显示的对话框,包含双选按钮和单选按钮两种效果。本例中自定义CustomDialog类的代码先贴上:
package example.lwc.com.demo2;import android.app.Dialog;import android.content.Context;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.LinearLayout;import android.widget.TextView;public class CustomDialog extends Dialog { public CustomDialog(Context context) { super(context); } public CustomDialog(Context context, int theme) { super(context, theme); } public static class Builder { private String message; private View contentView; private String positiveButtonText; private String negativeButtonText; private String singleButtonText; private View.OnClickListener positiveButtonClickListener; private View.OnClickListener negativeButtonClickListener; private View.OnClickListener singleButtonClickListener; private View layout; private CustomDialog dialog; public Builder(Context context) { //这里传入自定义的style,直接影响此Dialog的显示效果。style具体实现见style.xml dialog = new CustomDialog(context, R.style.Dialog); LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog_layout, null); dialog.addContentView(layout, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); } public Builder setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; return this; } public Builder setContentView(View v) { this.contentView = v; return this; } public Builder setPositiveButton(String positiveButtonText, View.OnClickListener listener) { this.positiveButtonText = positiveButtonText; this.positiveButtonClickListener = listener; return this; } public Builder setNegativeButton(String negativeButtonText, View.OnClickListener listener) { this.negativeButtonText = negativeButtonText; this.negativeButtonClickListener = listener; return this; } public Builder setSingleButton(String singleButtonText, View.OnClickListener listener) { this.singleButtonText = singleButtonText; this.singleButtonClickListener = listener; return this; } /** * 创建单按钮对话框 * @return */ public CustomDialog createSingleButtonDialog() { showSingleButton(); layout.findViewById(R.id.singleButton).setOnClickListener(singleButtonClickListener); //如果传入的按钮文字为空,则使用默认的“返回” if (singleButtonText != null) { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.singleButton)).setText(singleButtonText); } else { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.singleButton)).setText("返回"); } create(); return dialog; } /** * 创建双按钮对话框 * @return */ public CustomDialog createTwoButtonDialog() { showTwoButton(); layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton).setOnClickListener(positiveButtonClickListener); layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton).setOnClickListener(negativeButtonClickListener); //如果传入的按钮文字为空,则使用默认的“是”和“否” if (positiveButtonText != null) { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton)).setText(positiveButtonText); } else { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton)).setText("是"); } if (negativeButtonText != null) { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton)).setText(negativeButtonText); } else { ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton)).setText("否"); } create(); return dialog; } /** * 单按钮对话框和双按钮对话框的公共部分在这里设置 */ private void create() { if (message != null) { //设置提示内容 ((TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.message)).setText(message); } else if (contentView != null) { //如果使用Builder的setContentview()方法传入了布局,则使用传入的布局 ((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content)).removeAllViews(); ((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content)) .addView(contentView, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)); } dialog.setContentView(layout); dialog.setCancelable(true); //用户可以点击手机Back键取消对话框显示 dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false); //用户不能通过点击对话框之外的地方取消对话框显示 } /** * 显示双按钮布局,隐藏单按钮 */ private void showTwoButton() { layout.findViewById(R.id.singleButtonLayout).setVisibility(View.GONE); layout.findViewById(R.id.twoButtonLayout).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } /** * 显示单按钮布局,隐藏双按钮 */ private void showSingleButton() { layout.findViewById(R.id.singleButtonLayout).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); layout.findViewById(R.id.twoButtonLayout).setVisibility(View.GONE); } }}
Dialog所用的布局文件dialog_layout.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:clickable="true" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingTop="120dp" android:paddingBottom="120dp" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="230dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:background="@drawable/dialog_bg_biggg" android:padding="40dp" android:orientation="vertical" > <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingTop="40dp" android:gravity="center" > <TextView android:id="@+id/message" style="@style/text_16_666666" android:text="提示信息在这里" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="left|center" android:lineSpacingMultiplier="1.5" android:minHeight="50dp" android:paddingLeft="20dp" android:paddingRight="20dp" /> LinearLayout> <FrameLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/twoButtonLayout" android:visibility="visible" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="60dp" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > <Button android:id="@+id/positiveButton" style="@style/text_15_ffffff_sdw" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="45dp" android:background="@drawable/dialog_ok" android:gravity="center" /> <Button android:id="@+id/negativeButton" style="@style/text_15_666666_sdw" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="45dp" android:background="@drawable/dialog_cancel" android:gravity="center" /> LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/singleButtonLayout" android:visibility="visible" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="60dp" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:paddingLeft="50dp" android:paddingRight="50dp" android:paddingBottom="10dp" android:gravity="center"> <Button android:id="@+id/singleButton" style="@style/text_15_ffffff_sdw" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="40dp" android:background="@drawable/dialog_back" android:gravity="center" /> LinearLayout> FrameLayout> LinearLayout>FrameLayout>
以及style.xml:
在Android studio中,预览效果如下:
最后看看在Activity中如何调用:
1.先在Activity中定义一个Builder和一个CustomDialog实例:
private CustomDialog.Builder builder; private CustomDialog mDialog;
在onCreate()中初始化builder:
builder = new CustomDialog.Builder(this);
2.在MainActivity中定义两个方法,分别用于显示单按钮对话框和双按钮对话框:
private void showSingleButtonDialog(String alertText, String btnText, View.OnClickListener onClickListener) { mDialog = builder.setMessage(alertText) .setSingleButton(btnText, onClickListener) .createSingleButtonDialog(); mDialog.show();}
private void showTwoButtonDialog(String alertText, String confirmText, String cancelText, View.OnClickListener conFirmListener, View.OnClickListener cancelListener) { mDialog = builder.setMessage(alertText) .setPositiveButton(confirmText, conFirmListener) .setNegativeButton(cancelText, cancelListener) .createTwoButtonDialog(); mDialog.show();}
3.在需要用到的地方调用上面的两个方法即可,比如弹出双选按钮对话框,可以像下面这样调用:
showTwoButtonDialog("这是双选对话框的内容!", null, null, new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { mDialog.dismiss(); //这里写自定义处理XXX } }, new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { mDialog.dismiss(); //这里写自定义处理XXX } });
弹出单选按钮对话框,可以这样调用:
showSingleButtonDialog("这是单选对话框的内容!", null, new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { mDialog.dismiss(); //这里写自定义处理XXX } });
这里传入的按钮文字都为null,所以显示默认文字,结果就如开头的图所示。
另外谈一下自己的心得:
在自定义的CustomDialog类中,为什么要用一个静态内部类Builder呢?
因为对话框要设置的属性太多,包括各个按钮的文字,对话框内容,标题(本例中未实现标题),点击效果listener等。如果不用Builder,要创建一个自定义的Dialog,这些属性一般是要作为构造方法的参数传入的。但麻烦的是参数不固定,有些参数可传可不传,比如我们想new 一个单按钮对话框,那么双按钮的文字和Listener是不需要传入的。这样的话我们需要实现多个不同参数的构造方法,或者调用多次set方法设置属性。比起那样,像本例中这样用Builder就方便得多了,直观简洁:
mDialog = builder.setMessage(alertText) .setPositiveButton(confirmText, conFirmListener) .setNegativeButton(cancelText, cancelListener) .createTwoButtonDialog();
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