Dialog是所有对话框的基类,但Dialog并非继承自View,而是直接从Object构造出来的。Dialog调用是异步调用,所以showDialog()时不会阻碍UI线程。

1. Activity托管对话框:
Android提供了创建对话框的快捷方式,在Activity中可以通过如showDialog(int dialogId),dismissDialog(int dialogId),onCreateDialog(),onPrepareDialog(),removeDialog()等方法来创建和管理对话框。
onCreateDialog(int dialogId)和onPrepareDialog(int dialogId, Dialog dialog)是Dialog的2个回调函数,showDialog()触发这两个回调函数的调用。 同所有的onCreate()一样,其只在Dialog第一次生成的时候才会被调用,而onPrepareDialog()在每次执行showDialog()都会被调用(不管Dialog生成了没有)。如果你想要更新对话框的内容,你只要在onPrepareDialog()中作相应的工作就可以了,该方法会在对话框显示之前进行调用。
dismissDialog()方法是用来关闭对话框的;removeDialog()方法用来将对话框从Activity的托管中移除 (如果对已经移除的对话框重新进行调用showDialog ,则该对话框将进行重新创建)。

2. 常用Dialog
(1)AlertDialog
AlertDialog类是Dialog类的子类,它默认提供了3个按钮和一个文本消息,这些按钮可以按需要来使他们显示或隐藏。AlertDialog类中有一个内部静态类,名为“Builder”,Builder类提供了为对话框添加多选或单选列表,以及为这些列表添加事件处理的功能。另外,这个Builder类将AlertDialog对话框上的3个按钮按照他们的位置分别称呼为:PositiveButton, NeutralButton, NegativeButton。
(2)ProgressDialog
ProgressDialog.dialog = new ProgressDialog(context); 没有内部静态类,直接构造函数构造

3. 一个很特别的Dialog(由Activity转换而来) ,具体请参见参考doc中android.R.style部分
(1)AndroidManifest.xml中的activity的属性中增加:android :theme="@android :style/Theme.Dialog( Activity的对话框主题)。可使Activity变为Dialog(浮动窗口);
(2)AndroidManifest.xml中的activity的属性中增加:android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent"(Activity半透明主题);

4. 示例代码
(1)自定义Dialog并获取Dialog中EditText的数据
public class MyDialog extends Dialog implements Button.OnClickListener {private Button okButton, cancelButton;    private EditText nameEditText;    private MyDialogListener listener;    public MyDialog(Context context, MyDialogListener listener) {super(context);        this.listener = listener;}protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {setContentView(R.layout.mydialog);okButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.okButton);        cancelButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancelButton);        okButton.setOnClickListener(this);        cancelButton.setOnClickListener(this);                nameEditText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.nameEditText);}public void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {        case R.id.okButton:         listener.onOkClick(nameEditText.getText().toString());             dismiss(); // 关闭Dialog             break;        case R.id.cancelButton:         cancel(); // 取消Dialog, "取消"的含义是指不再需要执行对话框上的任何功能和动作, 取消对话框会自动调用dismiss()方法             break;}/* * 当用户点击手机设备上的“返回”按钮时,屏幕上的对话框将会被取消, * 如果你想让你的对话框不在这种情况下被取消掉的话,你可以如下设置你的对话框:setCancelable(false); * 对话框的取消和关闭事件可以通过OnCancelListener和OnDismissListener两个监听器来被监听处理。 */}}

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements MyDialogListener {    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        MyDialog dialog = new MyDialog(this, this);        dialog.show();    }public void onCancelClick() {}public void onOkClick(String name) {Toast.makeText(this, name, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}}interface MyDialogListener {    public void onOkClick(String name);    public void onCancelClick();}

mydialog.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:orientation="vertical"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/nameMessage"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="Enter Name:"></TextView>        <EditText        android:id="@+id/nameEditText"       android:layout_width="fill_parent"       android:layout_height="wrap_content"       android:textSize="18sp"></EditText>       <LinearLayout           android:id="@+id/buttonLayout"       android:layout_width="fill_parent"       android:layout_height="wrap_content"       android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">       <Button            android:id="@+id/okButton"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="OK">        </Button>        <Button             android:id="@+id/cancelButton"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"          android:layout_height="wrap_content"          android:text="Cancel">          </Button>     </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

public class MainActivity2 extends Activity {    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).create();        dialog.setMessage("Do you play cricket?");        dialog.setButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {switch (which) {        case AlertDialog.BUTTON1:        break;        case AlertDialog.BUTTON2:            break;}}        });        dialog.setButton2("No", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {}        });        dialog.show();    }}

托管Dialog
public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button button1, button2, button3, button4;private Button.OnClickListener listener1, listener2, listener3, listener4;private final int DIALOG1 = 1, DIALOG2 = 2, DIALOG3 = 3, DIALOG4 = 4;@Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main);        prepareListener();    }protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {switch (id) {case DIALOG1:return buildDialog(this, DIALOG1);case DIALOG2:return buildDialog(this, DIALOG2);case DIALOG3:return buildDialog(this, DIALOG3);case DIALOG4:return buildDialog(this, DIALOG4);}return null;}protected void onPrepareDialog(int id, Dialog dialog) {super.onPrepareDialog(id, dialog);}private Dialog buildDialog(Context context, int seq) {AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);builder.setIcon(R.drawable.alert_dialog_icon);if (DIALOG1 == seq) {builder.setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_two_buttons_title);builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.alert_dialog_ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_ok);}});builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel);}});}if (DIALOG2 == seq) {builder.setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_two_buttons_msg);builder.setMessage(R.string.alert_dialog_two_buttons2_msg);// AlertDialog最多只能有3个Buttonbuilder.setPositiveButton(R.string.alert_dialog_ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_ok);}});builder.setNeutralButton(R.string.alert_dialog_something, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_something);}});builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel);}});}if (DIALOG3 == seq) {// LayoutInflater的inflate方法可以将一个XML布局变成一个View实例LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);View textEntryView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.alert_dialog_text_entry, null);builder.setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_text_entry);// setView()真可以说是Dialog的一个精髓builder.setView(textEntryView);builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.alert_dialog_ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_ok);}});builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {setTitle(R.string.alert_dialog_cancel);}});}if (DIALOG4 == seq) {ProgressDialog dialog = new ProgressDialog(context);dialog.setTitle("Downding the songs...");dialog.setMessage("Please Waiting...");return dialog;}return builder.create();}private boolean prepareListener() {// init buttonbutton1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);        button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);        button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4);                // init listenerlistener1 = new Button.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View v) {showDialog(DIALOG1);}};listener2 = new Button.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View v) {showDialog(DIALOG2);}};listener3 = new Button.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View v) {showDialog(DIALOG3);}};listener4 = new Button.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View v) {showDialog(DIALOG4);}};// bind listenerbutton1.setOnClickListener(listener1);        button2.setOnClickListener(listener2);        button3.setOnClickListener(listener3);        button4.setOnClickListener(listener4);return true;}}

alert_dialog_text_entry.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    >    <!-- android:textAppearance:设置字体, 系统自带的字体 -->    <!-- android:capitalize:设置大小写;none首字母小写;words首字母大写 -->    <TextView android:id="@+id/username_view"    android:layout_width="wrap_content"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"    android:layout_marginRight="20dip"    android:text="用户名"    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"    />    <EditText android:id="@+id/username_edit"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"    android:layout_marginRight="20dip"    android:capitalize="words"    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"    />    <TextView android:id="@+id/password_view"    android:layout_width="wrap_content"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"    android:layout_marginRight="20dip"    android:text="密码"    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"    />    <EditText android:id="@+id/password_edit"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"    android:layout_marginRight="20dip"    android:capitalize="none"    android:password="true"    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"    /></LinearLayout>


去除对话框Dialog白色边框
使用样式文件,在values 目录下新建styles.xml文件,编写如下代码:

<resources>    <style name="dialog" parent="@android:style/Theme.Dialog">         <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item>        <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item>        <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item>        <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>        <item name="android:background">@android:color/black</item>        <item name="android:windowBackground">@null</item>        <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">false</item>    </style></resources>

调用时,使用AlerDialog的接口类,Dialog 接口编写如下代码:
Dialog dialog = new Dialog(SetActivity.this, R.style.dialog);       dialog.setContentView(R.layout.test);       dialog.show();


下面我们查看一下Dialog的源码文件,里面的构造函数为如下:
public Dialog(Context context, int theme) {        mContext = new ContextThemeWrapper(            context, theme == 0 ? com.android.internal.R.style.Theme_Dialog : theme);        mWindowManager = (WindowManager)context.getSystemService("window");        Window w = PolicyManager.makeNewWindow(mContext);        mWindow = w;        w.setCallback(this);        w.setWindowManager(mWindowManager, null, null);        w.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);        mUiThread = Thread.currentThread();        mDismissCancelHandler = new DismissCancelHandler(this);    }


这里面我们可以看出,Android 使用了默认的构造函数为Dialog 设置样式,如果没有为其设置样式,即默认加载事先编写好的样式文件,Dialog 一共由多个9.png的图片构成,大部分都是带有边框的9.png图片,所以就是为什么我们上边的样式文件要将其背景去除掉。
前后效果对比
未设置前:

设置后:


模式对话框Dialog背景的透明度&黑暗度设置方法
设置透明度:
WindowManager.LayoutParams lp=dialog.getWindow().getAttributes();  lp.alpha=1.0f;  dialog.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);  

alpha在0.0f到1.0f之间。1.0完全不透明,0.0f完全透明
设置黑暗度:
dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog);  WindowManager.LayoutParams lp=dialog.getWindow().getAttributes();  lp.dimAmount=1.0f;  dialog.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);  dialog.getWindow().addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DIM_BEHIND);


Android 之 ProgressDialog
http://blog.csdn.net/dadahacker/archive/2011/02/25/6208368.aspx

Android 对话框(Dialog)大全 建立你自己的对话框
http://www.cnblogs.com/salam/archive/2010/11/15/1877512.html

更多相关文章

  1. 直接设置 Activity 的背景颜色
  2. 安卓版本问题compileSdkVersion, minSdkVersion 和 targetSdkVer
  3. Android通过ImageView设置手指滑动控件缩放
  4. 关于Layout
  5. android studio IDE 下,设置ACTIVITY全屏
  6. Android自定义数字键盘解析
  7. Android四大组件安全问题
  8. Android调用系统相机拍照并保存图片文件
  9. ReactNative学习----20ReactNative中调用原生模块

随机推荐

  1. 日拱一卒(二十二)
  2. Android设置任何控件透明度
  3. Android NDK生成共享库和静态库
  4. Kotlin Android Extensions+Android MVP
  5. [Android]Android端ORM框架——RapidORM(
  6. Android高手进阶教程(五)之----Android
  7. com/android/phone/INetworkQueryService
  8. android TextView中UrlSpan与文本中的超
  9. android中intent的作用
  10. Android开发--浅谈ExpandableListActivit