Android(安卓)Notification 兼容3.0到8.0

Build.VERSION.SDK_INT<11
http://www.cnblogs.com/hasse/p/5164417.html

//Android 4.1之前 创建一个NotificationNotification notification = new Notification();//设置事件信息notification.setLatestEventInfo(context,title,content, pendingIntent);

Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11 && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 22

//使用Notification.Builder创建一个NotificationNotification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);Notification notification= builder.getNotification();// 调用getNotification()来生成Notification   //其实也可以这么写    Notification notification = builder.build();//将builder对象转换为普通的notification    //实际上builder.getNotification();里面的实现就是builder.build()

Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >=22 && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 26

  //使用NotificationCompat.Builder创建一个Notification  Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(mContext).build();

https://www.jianshu.com/p/6187fe8a0704

Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=26
Android系统在 8.0 以后增加了通知通道，要正确的在 8.0 系统上使用通知，
需要进行版本判定，然后进行适配,创建出 Builder以后，其他操作不变。
如果不对其进行处理的话会出现：
Failed to post notification on channel "null"的错误提示。

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39622065/article/details/83033167

if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {                    String channelId = "notification_simple";                    NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);                    NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, "simple", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);                    manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);}

参考文章

Notification、Notification.Builder 和NotificationCompat.Builder的区别 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43174412/article/details/82629985

Android-Notification通知的使用
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41113081/article/details/86692761
https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/topics/ui/notifiers/notifications

googlesamples/android-Notifications
https://github.com/googlesamples/android-Notifications

NotificationCompatBuilder源码

/* * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */package androidx.core.app;import static androidx.annotation.RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY_GROUP;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.DEFAULT_SOUND;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.GROUP_ALERT_ALL;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.GROUP_ALERT_CHILDREN;import static androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat.GROUP_ALERT_SUMMARY;import android.app.Notification;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Bundle;import android.text.TextUtils;import android.util.SparseArray;import android.widget.RemoteViews;import androidx.annotation.RestrictTo;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * Wrapper around {@link Notification.Builder} that works in a backwards compatible way. * * @hide */@RestrictTo(LIBRARY_GROUP)class NotificationCompatBuilder implements NotificationBuilderWithBuilderAccessor {    private final Notification.Builder mBuilder;    private final NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilderCompat;    // @RequiresApi(16) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private RemoteViews mContentView;    // @RequiresApi(16) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private RemoteViews mBigContentView;    // @RequiresApi(16) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private final List mActionExtrasList = new ArrayList<>();    // @RequiresApi(16) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private final Bundle mExtras = new Bundle();    // @RequiresApi(20) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private int mGroupAlertBehavior;    // @RequiresApi(21) - uncomment when lint bug is fixed.    private RemoteViews mHeadsUpContentView;    NotificationCompatBuilder(NotificationCompat.Builder b) {        mBuilderCompat = b;        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {            mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(b.mContext, b.mChannelId);        } else {            mBuilder = new Notification.Builder(b.mContext);        }        Notification n = b.mNotification;        mBuilder.setWhen(n.when)                .setSmallIcon(n.icon, n.iconLevel)                .setContent(n.contentView)                .setTicker(n.tickerText, b.mTickerView)                .setVibrate(n.vibrate)                .setLights(n.ledARGB, n.ledOnMS, n.ledOffMS)                .setOngoing((n.flags & Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT) != 0)                .setOnlyAlertOnce((n.flags & Notification.FLAG_ONLY_ALERT_ONCE) != 0)                .setAutoCancel((n.flags & Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL) != 0)                .setDefaults(n.defaults)                .setContentTitle(b.mContentTitle)                .setContentText(b.mContentText)                .setContentInfo(b.mContentInfo)                .setContentIntent(b.mContentIntent)                .setDeleteIntent(n.deleteIntent)                .setFullScreenIntent(b.mFullScreenIntent,                        (n.flags & Notification.FLAG_HIGH_PRIORITY) != 0)                .setLargeIcon(b.mLargeIcon)                .setNumber(b.mNumber)                .setProgress(b.mProgressMax, b.mProgress, b.mProgressIndeterminate);        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) {            mBuilder.setSound(n.sound, n.audioStreamType);        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 16) {            mBuilder.setSubText(b.mSubText)                    .setUsesChronometer(b.mUseChronometer)                    .setPriority(b.mPriority);            for (NotificationCompat.Action action : b.mActions) {                addAction(action);            }            if (b.mExtras != null) {                mExtras.putAll(b.mExtras);            }            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 20) {                if (b.mLocalOnly) {                    mExtras.putBoolean(NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_LOCAL_ONLY, true);                }                if (b.mGroupKey != null) {                    mExtras.putString(NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_GROUP_KEY, b.mGroupKey);                    if (b.mGroupSummary) {                        mExtras.putBoolean(NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_GROUP_SUMMARY, true);                    } else {                        mExtras.putBoolean(                                NotificationManagerCompat.EXTRA_USE_SIDE_CHANNEL, true);                    }                }                if (b.mSortKey != null) {                    mExtras.putString(NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_SORT_KEY, b.mSortKey);                }            }            mContentView = b.mContentView;            mBigContentView = b.mBigContentView;        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {            mBuilder.setShowWhen(b.mShowWhen);            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) {                if (b.mPeople != null && !b.mPeople.isEmpty()) {                    mExtras.putStringArray(Notification.EXTRA_PEOPLE,                            b.mPeople.toArray(new String[b.mPeople.size()]));                }            }        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 20) {            mBuilder.setLocalOnly(b.mLocalOnly)                    .setGroup(b.mGroupKey)                    .setGroupSummary(b.mGroupSummary)                    .setSortKey(b.mSortKey);            mGroupAlertBehavior = b.mGroupAlertBehavior;        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {            mBuilder.setCategory(b.mCategory)                    .setColor(b.mColor)                    .setVisibility(b.mVisibility)                    .setPublicVersion(b.mPublicVersion)                    .setSound(n.sound, n.audioAttributes);            for (String person: b.mPeople) {                mBuilder.addPerson(person);            }            mHeadsUpContentView = b.mHeadsUpContentView;            if (b.mInvisibleActions.size() > 0) {                // Invisible actions should be stored in the extender so we need to check if one                // exists already.                Bundle carExtenderBundle =                        b.getExtras().getBundle(NotificationCompat.CarExtender.EXTRA_CAR_EXTENDER);                if (carExtenderBundle == null) {                    carExtenderBundle = new Bundle();                }                Bundle listBundle = new Bundle();                for (int i = 0; i < b.mInvisibleActions.size(); i++) {                    listBundle.putBundle(                            Integer.toString(i),                            NotificationCompatJellybean.getBundleForAction(                                    b.mInvisibleActions.get(i)));                }                carExtenderBundle.putBundle(                        NotificationCompat.CarExtender.EXTRA_INVISIBLE_ACTIONS, listBundle);                b.getExtras().putBundle(                        NotificationCompat.CarExtender.EXTRA_CAR_EXTENDER, carExtenderBundle);                mExtras.putBundle(                        NotificationCompat.CarExtender.EXTRA_CAR_EXTENDER, carExtenderBundle);            }        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {            mBuilder.setExtras(b.mExtras)                    .setRemoteInputHistory(b.mRemoteInputHistory);            if (b.mContentView != null) {                mBuilder.setCustomContentView(b.mContentView);            }            if (b.mBigContentView != null) {                mBuilder.setCustomBigContentView(b.mBigContentView);            }            if (b.mHeadsUpContentView != null) {                mBuilder.setCustomHeadsUpContentView(b.mHeadsUpContentView);            }        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {            mBuilder.setBadgeIconType(b.mBadgeIcon)                    .setShortcutId(b.mShortcutId)                    .setTimeoutAfter(b.mTimeout)                    .setGroupAlertBehavior(b.mGroupAlertBehavior);            if (b.mColorizedSet) {                mBuilder.setColorized(b.mColorized);            }            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(b.mChannelId)) {                mBuilder.setSound(null)                        .setDefaults(0)                        .setLights(0, 0, 0)                        .setVibrate(null);            }        }    }    @Override    public Notification.Builder getBuilder() {        return mBuilder;    }    public Notification build() {        final NotificationCompat.Style style = mBuilderCompat.mStyle;        if (style != null) {            style.apply(this);        }        RemoteViews styleContentView = style != null                ? style.makeContentView(this)                : null;        Notification n = buildInternal();        if (styleContentView != null) {            n.contentView = styleContentView;        } else if (mBuilderCompat.mContentView != null) {            n.contentView = mBuilderCompat.mContentView;        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 16 && style != null) {            RemoteViews styleBigContentView = style.makeBigContentView(this);            if (styleBigContentView != null) {                n.bigContentView = styleBigContentView;            }        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21 && style != null) {            RemoteViews styleHeadsUpContentView =                    mBuilderCompat.mStyle.makeHeadsUpContentView(this);            if (styleHeadsUpContentView != null) {                n.headsUpContentView = styleHeadsUpContentView;            }        }        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 16 && style != null) {            Bundle extras = NotificationCompat.getExtras(n);            if (extras != null) {                style.addCompatExtras(extras);            }        }        return n;    }    private void addAction(NotificationCompat.Action action) {        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 20) {            Notification.Action.Builder actionBuilder = new Notification.Action.Builder(                    action.getIcon(), action.getTitle(), action.getActionIntent());            if (action.getRemoteInputs() != null) {                for (android.app.RemoteInput remoteInput : RemoteInput.fromCompat(                        action.getRemoteInputs())) {                    actionBuilder.addRemoteInput(remoteInput);                }            }            Bundle actionExtras;            if (action.getExtras() != null) {                actionExtras = new Bundle(action.getExtras());            } else {                actionExtras = new Bundle();            }            actionExtras.putBoolean(NotificationCompatJellybean.EXTRA_ALLOW_GENERATED_REPLIES,                    action.getAllowGeneratedReplies());            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {                actionBuilder.setAllowGeneratedReplies(action.getAllowGeneratedReplies());            }            actionExtras.putInt(NotificationCompat.Action.EXTRA_SEMANTIC_ACTION,                    action.getSemanticAction());            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 28) {                actionBuilder.setSemanticAction(action.getSemanticAction());            }            actionExtras.putBoolean(NotificationCompat.Action.EXTRA_SHOWS_USER_INTERFACE,                    action.getShowsUserInterface());            actionBuilder.addExtras(actionExtras);            mBuilder.addAction(actionBuilder.build());        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 16) {            mActionExtrasList.add(                    NotificationCompatJellybean.writeActionAndGetExtras(mBuilder, action));        }    }    protected Notification buildInternal() {        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {            return mBuilder.build();        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {            Notification notification =  mBuilder.build();            if (mGroupAlertBehavior != GROUP_ALERT_ALL) {                // if is summary and only children should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) != 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_CHILDREN) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }                // if is group child and only summary should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) == 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_SUMMARY) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }            }            return notification;        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {            mBuilder.setExtras(mExtras);            Notification notification = mBuilder.build();            if (mContentView != null) {                notification.contentView = mContentView;            }            if (mBigContentView != null) {                notification.bigContentView = mBigContentView;            }            if (mHeadsUpContentView != null) {                notification.headsUpContentView = mHeadsUpContentView;            }            if (mGroupAlertBehavior != GROUP_ALERT_ALL) {                // if is summary and only children should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) != 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_CHILDREN) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }                // if is group child and only summary should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) == 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_SUMMARY) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }            }            return notification;        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 20) {            mBuilder.setExtras(mExtras);            Notification notification = mBuilder.build();            if (mContentView != null) {                notification.contentView = mContentView;            }            if (mBigContentView != null) {                notification.bigContentView = mBigContentView;            }            if (mGroupAlertBehavior != GROUP_ALERT_ALL) {                // if is summary and only children should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) != 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_CHILDREN) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }                // if is group child and only summary should alert                if (notification.getGroup() != null                        && (notification.flags & FLAG_GROUP_SUMMARY) == 0                        && mGroupAlertBehavior == GROUP_ALERT_SUMMARY) {                    removeSoundAndVibration(notification);                }            }            return notification;        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {            SparseArray actionExtrasMap =                    NotificationCompatJellybean.buildActionExtrasMap(mActionExtrasList);            if (actionExtrasMap != null) {                // Add the action extras sparse array if any action was added with extras.                mExtras.putSparseParcelableArray(                        NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_ACTION_EXTRAS, actionExtrasMap);            }            mBuilder.setExtras(mExtras);            Notification notification = mBuilder.build();            if (mContentView != null) {                notification.contentView = mContentView;            }            if (mBigContentView != null) {                notification.bigContentView = mBigContentView;            }            return notification;        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 16) {            Notification notification = mBuilder.build();            // Merge in developer provided extras, but let the values already set            // for keys take precedence.            Bundle extras = NotificationCompat.getExtras(notification);            Bundle mergeBundle = new Bundle(mExtras);            for (String key : mExtras.keySet()) {                if (extras.containsKey(key)) {                    mergeBundle.remove(key);                }            }            extras.putAll(mergeBundle);            SparseArray actionExtrasMap =                    NotificationCompatJellybean.buildActionExtrasMap(mActionExtrasList);            if (actionExtrasMap != null) {                // Add the action extras sparse array if any action was added with extras.                NotificationCompat.getExtras(notification).putSparseParcelableArray(                        NotificationCompatExtras.EXTRA_ACTION_EXTRAS, actionExtrasMap);            }            if (mContentView != null) {                notification.contentView = mContentView;            }            if (mBigContentView != null) {                notification.bigContentView = mBigContentView;            }            return notification;        } else {            //noinspection deprecation            return mBuilder.getNotification();        }    }    private void removeSoundAndVibration(Notification notification) {        notification.sound = null;        notification.vibrate = null;        notification.defaults &= ~DEFAULT_SOUND;        notification.defaults &= ~DEFAULT_VIBRATE;    }}

其他问题

//我的代码Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(context);Bitmap largeIcon largeIcon = BitmapUtil.getLoacalBitmapFromUrl(imageUrl);//imageUrl是网络图片地址、先从网上下载图片到文件夹中、然后把它转为Bitmap builder.setLargeIcon(largeIcon);

// 6.0 报错  等待解决Caused by: java.lang.AbstractMethodError: abstract method "android.graphics.drawable.Drawable android.content.pm.PackageManager.getUserBadgeForDensity(android.os.UserHandle, int)"at android.app.Notification$Builder.getProfileBadgeDrawable(Notification.java:2890)at android.app.Notification$Builder.hasThreeLines(Notification.java:3105)at android.app.Notification$Builder.build(Notification.java:3660)```

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