14天学会安卓开发(第十天)Android网络与通讯

14天学会安卓开发作者:神秘的N (英文名corder_raine)
联系方式:369428455(反馈)
交流群 :284552167(示例,原文档下载)

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目录

第十天.Android网络与通信... 100 10.1Android网络通讯介绍... 100 10.1.1 网络通讯技术... 100 10.2Java.net 101 10.2.2主Activity. 101 10.2.3 直接获取数据... 102 10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数... 103 10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数... 103 10.3ApacheHttpClient 105 10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity. 105 10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet 106 10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost 107 10.4装载并显示Web网页... 108 10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示... 108 10.4.2 装载网页并显示... 109 10.5Socket编程复习... 110

第十天.Android网络与通信
10.1 Android网络通讯介绍
10.1.1网络通讯技术
Ø Java.net Ø Apache HttpClient Ø Socket技术 Ø 装载网页 Ø WiFi技术 Ø Bluetooth蓝牙 10.2 Java.net
10.2.2主Activity

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 public class Activity01 extendsActivity{ publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main) Buttonbutton_http = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button_HTTP); /*监听button的事件信息 */ button_http.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() { publicvoid onClick(View v){ /*新建一个Intent对象 */ Intentintent = new Intent(); /*指定intent要启动的类 */ intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class); /*启动一个新的Activity*/ startActivity(intent); /*关闭当前的Activity*/ Activity01. this .finish(); } });

** Activity02是直接获取数据的demo!

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get); /*监听button的事件信息 */ button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() { publicvoid onClick(View v) { /*新建一个Intent对象 */ Intentintent = new Intent(); /*指定intent要启动的类 */ intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class); /*启动一个新的Activity*/ startActivity(intent); /*关闭当前的Activity*/ Activity01. this .finish(); } });

** Activity03是以Get方式上传参数的demo!

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post); /*监听button的事件信息 */ button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() { publicvoid onClick(View v) { /*新建一个Intent对象 */ Intentintent = new Intent(); /*指定intent要启动的类 */ intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity04.class); /*启动一个新的Activity*/ startActivity(intent); /*关闭当前的Activity*/ Activity01. this .finish(); } }); } } //结束Activity1类

** Activity04是以Post方式上传参数的demo! 10.2.3直接获取数据

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 //http地址 String httpUrl = "http://serverip:8080/AndroidAppServer/index.jsp" ; //获得的数据 String resultData = "" ; URLurl = null ; //构造一个URL对象 url = new URL(httpUrl); //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //得到读取的内容(流) InputStreamReader in = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()); // 为输出创建BufferedReader BufferedReader buffer = newBufferedReader(in); String inputLine = null ; //使用循环来读取获得的数据 while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine())!= null )){ resultData+= inputLine + "" ; }

** 研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity02.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.2.4以Get方式上传参数

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=abcdefg" ; URLurl = new URL(httpUrl); //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接 HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //得到读取的内容(流) InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()); //为输出创建BufferedReader BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in); StringinputLine = null ; //使用循环来读取获得的数据 while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null )){ resultData += inputLine + "" ; } //关闭InputStreamReader in.close(); //关闭http连接 urlConn.disconnect();

** 研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.2.5以Post方式上传参数

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ; URL url = new URL(httpUrl); HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); //因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true urlConn.setDoOutput( true );urlConn.setDoInput( true ); urlConn.setRequestMethod( "POST" ); // 设置以POST方式 urlConn.setUseCaches( false ); // Post 请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects( true ); urlConn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Type" , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ); urlConn.connect(); DataOutputStream out = newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream()); String content = "par=" +URLEncoder.encode( "ABCDEFG" , "gb2312" ); //要上传的参数 out.writeBytes(content); //将要上传的内容写入流中 out.flush(); out.close(); //获取数据 BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream())); String inputLine = null ; while (((inputLine = reader.readLine())!= null )){resultData += inputLine + "" ;} reader.close();urlConn.disconnect();

** 研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
main.xml

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" > < TextView android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "通过下面的按钮进行不同方式的连接" /> < Button android:id = "@+id/Button_HTTP" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "直接获取数据" /> < Button android:id = "@+id/Button_Get" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "以GET方式传递数据" /> < Button android:id = "@+id/Button_Post" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "以POST方式传递数据" /> </ LinearLayout >

AndroidManifest.xml

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 < manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package = "com.lxt008" android:versionCode = "1" android:versionName = "1.0" > < application android:icon = "@drawable/icon" android:label = "@string/app_name" > < activity android:name = ".Activity01" android:label = "@string/app_name" > < intent-filter > < action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" /> < category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </ intent-filter > </ activity > < activity android:name = "Activity02" ></ activity > < activity android:name = "Activity03" ></ activity > < activity android:name = "Activity04" ></ activity > </ application > < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.INTERNET" /> < uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=“7" /> </ manifest >

10.3 ApacheHttpClient
10.3.1使用HttpClient:主Activity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get); button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() { publicvoid onClick(View v){ Intentintent = new Intent(); /* 新建一个Intent对象 */ /*指定intent要启动的类 */ intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class); startActivity(intent);/* 启动一个新的Activity*/ Activity01.this.finish();/* 关闭当前的Activity*/ } });

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post); button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() { publicvoid onClick(View v){ Intentintent = new Intent(); /*指定intent要启动的类 */ intent.setClass(Activity01. this ,Activity03. class ); startActivity(intent); Activity01. this .finish();} }); }

** 研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity01.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get" ; //HttpGet连接对象 HttpGet httpRequest = newHttpGet(httpUrl); //取得HttpClient对象 HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient(); //请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest); //请求成功 if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK){ //取得返回的字符串 StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()); mTextView.setText(strResult); } else { mTextView.setText( "请求错误!" ); [align=left]}

** 研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity02.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ; //HttpPost连接对象 HttpPost httpRequest = newHttpPost(httpUrl); //使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数 List params = newArrayList(); //添加要传递的参数 params.add(newBasicNameValuePair( "par" , "HttpClient_android_Post" )); //设置字符集 HttpEntity httpentity = newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312" ); //请求httpRequest httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity); //取得默认的HttpClient HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient(); //取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse =httpclient.execute(httpRequest); if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){ StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());}

** 研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity03.java) **serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1
10.4装载并显示Web网页
10.4.1用线程刷新网页显示

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 public void onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ new Thread(mRunnable).start(); //开启线程 } //刷新网页显示 privatevoid refresh(){ URLurl = new URL( "http://192.168.1.110:8080/date.jsp" ); HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()); BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in); StringinputLine = null ; //使用循环来读取获得的数据 //关闭InputStreamReader// 设置显示取得的内容 } }

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 private Runnable mRunnable = newRunnable() { publicvoid run() { while ( true ) { Thread.sleep( 5 * 1000 ); //发送消息 mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage()); }; Handler mHandler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super .handleMessage(msg); refresh(); } };

** 研究HttpURLConnectionRefresh工程
10.4.2装载网页并显示

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webview); String html = "Hello lxt008!!!" ; //装载页面,你可以换成URL地址。 webView.loadDataWithBaseURL( "Demo" ,html, "text/html" , "utf-8" , null ); //设置支持JS webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled( true ); //设置浏览器客户端 webView.setWebChromeClient(newWebChromeClient());

10.5 Socket编程复习 Ø 以前课程中学过Socket编程。 Ø 研究SocketDemo以复习巩固Socket在Android中的使用。
示例下载

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