AndroidQ 系统自带文件选择器

Android Q 作用域规则

如果我们要读取SD卡上非图片、音频、视频类的文件，比如说先选择一个doc文件，这个时候就不能再使用MediaStore API了，而是要使用系统自带的文件选择器。直接上代码。

//选择文件private void performFileSearch() {        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT);        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);        //允许多选 长按多选        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ALLOW_MULTIPLE, true);        //不限制选取类型        intent.setType("*/*");        startActivityForResult(intent, -1);}//接收返回值@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);    switch (requestCode) {        case -1:            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && data != null) {                //当单选选了一个文件后返回                if (data.getData() != null) {                    handleSingleDocument(data);                } else {                    //多选                    ClipData clipData = data.getClipData();                    if (clipData != null) {                        Uri[] uris = new Uri[clipData.getItemCount()];                        for (int i = 0; i < clipData.getItemCount(); i++) {                            uris[i] = clipData.getItemAt(i).getUri();                        }                    }                }            }            break;    }}//将uri转换为我们需要的path,多选类似private void handleSingleDocument(Intent data) {    Uri uri = data.getData();    String filePath = FileUtils.getRealPath(this, uri);}

FileUtils.java文件 (根据Uri获取Path)

网上流传的很多Uri获取Path的方法虽然都适配到了Android 4.4，但是到了Android 8.0又不好使了，下面是在Android 10.0上测试通过的版本。

public class FileUtils {    public static String getRealPath(Context context, Uri fileUri) {        String realPath;        // SDK < API11        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 11) {            realPath = FileUtils.getRealPathFromURI_BelowAPI11(context, fileUri);        }        // SDK >= 11 && SDK < 19        else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 19) {            realPath = FileUtils.getRealPathFromURI_API11to18(context, fileUri);        }        // SDK > 19 (Android 4.4) and up        else {            realPath = FileUtils.getRealPathFromURI_API19(context, fileUri);        }        return realPath;    }    @SuppressLint("NewApi")    public static String getRealPathFromURI_API11to18(Context context, Uri contentUri) {        String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};        String result = null;        CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(context, contentUri, proj, null, null, null);        Cursor cursor = cursorLoader.loadInBackground();        if (cursor != null) {            int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);            cursor.moveToFirst();            result = cursor.getString(column_index);            cursor.close();        }        return result;    }    public static String getRealPathFromURI_BelowAPI11(Context context, Uri contentUri) {        String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri, proj, null, null, null);        int column_index = 0;        String result = "";        if (cursor != null) {            column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);            cursor.moveToFirst();            result = cursor.getString(column_index);            cursor.close();            return result;        }        return result;    }    @SuppressLint("NewApi")    public static String getRealPathFromURI_API19(final Context context, final Uri uri) {        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;        // DocumentProvider        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {            // ExternalStorageProvider            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                // This is for checking Main Memory                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {                    if (split.length > 1) {                        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];                    } else {                        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";                    }                    // This is for checking SD Card                } else {                    return "storage" + "/" + docId.replace(":", "/");                }            }            // DownloadsProvider            else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {                String fileName = getFilePath(context, uri);                if (fileName != null) {                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/Download/" + fileName;                }                String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                if (id.startsWith("raw:")) {                    id = id.replaceFirst("raw:", "");                    File file = new File(id);                    if (file.exists())                        return id;                }                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);            }            // MediaProvider            else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);                final String[] split = docId.split(":");                final String type = split[0];                Uri contentUri = null;                if ("image".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;                }                final String selection = "_id=?";                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{                        split[1]                };                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);            }        }        // MediaStore (and general)        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {            // Return the remote address            if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri))                return uri.getLastPathSegment();            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);        }        // File        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {            return uri.getPath();        }        return null;    }    public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,                                       String[] selectionArgs) {        Cursor cursor = null;        final String column = "_data";        final String[] projection = {                column        };        try {            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,                    null);            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {                final int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);                return cursor.getString(index);            }        } finally {            if (cursor != null)                cursor.close();        }        return null;    }    public static String getFilePath(Context context, Uri uri) {        Cursor cursor = null;        final String[] projection = {                MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME        };        try {            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null,                    null);            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {                final int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME);                return cursor.getString(index);            }        } finally {            if (cursor != null)                cursor.close();        }        return null;    }    /**     * @param uri The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.     */    public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.     */    public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.     */    public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }    /**     * @param uri The Uri to check.     * @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.     */    public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {        return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());    }}

最后，如果想给选择器添加过滤的文件类型，只需要添加如下代码就可以了

String[] mimeTypes = {MimeType.DOC, MimeType.DOCX, MimeType.PDF, MimeType.PPT, MimeType.PPTX, MimeType.XLS, MimeType.XLSX};intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_MIME_TYPES, mimeTypes);//存放需要过滤的类型的类public class MimeType {    public static final String DOC = "application/msword";    public static final String DOCX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document";    public static final String XLS = "application/vnd.ms-excel";    public static final String XLSX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";    public static final String PPT = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";    public static final String PPTX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation";    public static final String PDF = "application/pdf";}

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