Android(安卓)8.1静态广播的使用以及添加权限

在Android 8.1后我使用静态广播时会发现接收不到广播，下面有两种方法：
1、动态广播替换静态广播
2、保留原来的静态广播，使用setComponent参数

 Intent intent = new Intent();        intent.setAction("com.wq.package.silentinstaller");        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_FOREGROUND);        intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.android.packageinstaller",                "com.android.packageinstaller.MyReceiver"));       sendBroadcast(intent);

为了发送广播的时候只让特定的某一个应用程序APP接收到数据，而不想其他应用程序接收到数据的时候，需要配置权限。
一、广播接收者设置权限：
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限和定义静态广播

创建一个静态广播MyReceiver.java类

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {private static final String TAG = "SilentInstallReceiver";private Context mContext;private static final String ACTION_SILENCE_INSTALL = "com.wq.package.silentinstaller";private static final String KEY_FILE_PATH = "file_path";private static final String KEY_PACKAGE_NAME = "package_name";private static final int MSG_SILENT_INSTALL = 1;private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {switch (msg.what) {case MSG_SILENT_INSTALL:Intent intent = (Intent) msg.obj;String filePath = intent.getStringExtra(KEY_FILE_PATH);String packageName = intent.getStringExtra(KEY_PACKAGE_NAME);Log.i(TAG, "---MSG_SILENT_INSTALL filePath=" + filePath + ",packageName=" + packageName);SilentInstallManager.getInstance(mContext).startInstall(filePath);break;default:break;}};};@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();Log.i(TAG, "onReceive() action="+action);if (ACTION_SILENCE_INSTALL.equals(action)) {mContext = context;Message msg = Message.obtain(mHandler);msg.what = MSG_SILENT_INSTALL;msg.obj = intent;mHandler.sendMessage(msg);}}/** * installPackageName  : The package name of apk you want to install. * apkFilePath         : The path of the apk file. *  private void install(String installPackageName, String apkFilePath){Intent intent = new Intent();intent.setAction("com.wq.package.silentinstaller");intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_FOREGROUND);intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.android.packageinstaller","com.android.packageinstaller.MyReceiver"));intent.putExtra("package_name", installPackageName);intent.putExtra("file_path", apkFilePath);mContext.sendBroadcast(intent);}*/}

二、广播发送者
发送广播的应用装备该权限

添加一个按钮发送广播

 Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction("com.wq.package.silentinstaller");intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_FOREGROUND);intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.android.packageinstaller",                "com.android.packageinstaller.MyReceiver")); sendBroadcast(intent);

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