项目需求:编写主题app,一键切换桌面app图标和系统壁纸。
Android版本:8.1


需求是写一个系统主题app,实现类似于华为手机内置系统主题app的功能,原生android是没有主题app的,网上都是app换肤框架,是给自己单独的app换主题,百般无奈只能自己动手写了。还好我们是在源码基础上开发,可以任性的自定义功能。


步骤一

先找到Launcher加载各种app的地方

Launcher的初始化过程:

    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {...LauncherAppState app = LauncherAppState.getInstance(this);mModel = app.setLauncher(this);...        if (!mModel.startLoader(currentScreen)) {            mDragLayer.setAlpha(0);        } else {            mWorkspace.setCurrentPage(currentScreen);            setWorkspaceLoading(true);        }        ...}

进入LauncherModel,发现LauncherModel 居然是BroadcastReceiver

public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver

去看它的startLoader

public boolean startLoader(int synchronousBindPage) {        // Enable queue before starting loader. It will get disabled in Launcher#finishBindingItems        InstallShortcutReceiver.enableInstallQueue(InstallShortcutReceiver.FLAG_LOADER_RUNNING);        synchronized (mLock) {            if (mCallbacks != null && mCallbacks.get() != null) {                final Callbacks oldCallbacks = mCallbacks.get();                // Clear any pending bind-runnables from the synchronized load process.                mUiExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {                            public void run() {                                oldCallbacks.clearPendingBinds();                            }                        });                stopLoader();                LoaderResults loaderResults = new LoaderResults(mApp, sBgDataModel,                        mBgAllAppsList, synchronousBindPage, mCallbacks);                if (mModelLoaded && !mIsLoaderTaskRunning) {                    loaderResults.bindWorkspace();                    loaderResults.bindAllApps();                    loaderResults.bindDeepShortcuts();                    loaderResults.bindWidgets();                    return true;                } else {                    startLoaderForResults(loaderResults);                }            }        }        return false;    }

第一次初始化mModelLoaded肯定是false无疑,所以进入startLoaderForResults(loaderResults)

    public void startLoaderForResults(LoaderResults results) {        synchronized (mLock) {            stopLoader();            mLoaderTask = new LoaderTask(mApp, mBgAllAppsList, sBgDataModel, results,packName,themeName);            runOnWorkerThread(mLoaderTask);        }    }

LoaderTask是一个Runnable,

    private static void runOnWorkerThread(Runnable r) {        if (sWorkerThread.getThreadId() == Process.myTid()) {            r.run();        } else {            // If we are not on the worker thread, then post to the worker handler            sWorker.post(r);        }    }

所以应该去看LoaderTask的run方法

public void run() {        synchronized (this) {            // Skip fast if we are already stopped.            if (mStopped) {                return;            }        }        try (LauncherModel.LoaderTransaction transaction = mApp.getModel().beginLoader(this)) {            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 1.1: loading workspace");            loadWorkspace();            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 1.2: bind workspace workspace");            mResults.bindWorkspace();                        if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 2.1: loading all apps");            loadAllApps();            mResults.bindAllApps();                        if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 2.3: Update icon cache");            updateIconCache();                        // third step            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 3.1: loading deep shortcuts");            loadDeepShortcuts();            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 3.2: bind deep shortcuts");            mResults.bindDeepShortcuts();                        // fourth step            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 4.1: loading widgets");            mBgDataModel.widgetsModel.update(mApp, null);            if (DEBUG_LOADERS) Log.d(TAG, "step 4.2: Binding widgets");            mResults.bindWidgets();            transaction.commit();        } catch (CancellationException e) {        }    }

这个方法很大,但是逻辑是顺序的,分别先加载并绑定了 workspace ,然后再加载所有app的view,由于我们想找到的是加载app图标的地方,所以肯定是 loadAllApps 了。

private void loadAllApps() {        final long loadTime = DEBUG_LOADERS ? SystemClock.uptimeMillis() : 0;        final List<UserHandle> profiles = mUserManager.getUserProfiles();        mBgAllAppsList.clear();        for (UserHandle user : profiles) {...//省略            // Create the ApplicationInfos            for (int i = 0; i < apps.size(); i++) {                LauncherActivityInfo app = apps.get(i);                // This builds the icon bitmaps.                Log.i(TAG, "loadAllApps--> app=" + app.getName());                mBgAllAppsList.add(new AppInfo(app, user, quietMode), app);            }...//省略            ManagedProfileHeuristic.onAllAppsLoaded(mApp.getContext(), apps, user);        }...//省略    }

其中,for循环用LauncherActivityInfo封装给AppInfo,再添加进list里,

    public void add(AppInfo info, LauncherActivityInfo activityInfo) {        if (!mAppFilter.shouldShowApp(info.componentName)) {            return;        }        if (findAppInfo(info.componentName, info.user) != null) {            return;        }        mIconCache.getTitleAndIcon(info, activityInfo, true /* useLowResIcon */);        data.add(info);        added.add(info);    }

进入了AllAppsList,使用的是IconCache来管理appinfo的,

    public synchronized void getTitleAndIcon(ItemInfoWithIcon info,            LauncherActivityInfo activityInfo, boolean useLowResIcon) {        // If we already have activity info, no need to use package icon        getTitleAndIcon(info, Provider.of(activityInfo), false, useLowResIcon);    }---    private synchronized void getTitleAndIcon(            @NonNull ItemInfoWithIcon infoInOut,            @NonNull Provider<LauncherActivityInfo> activityInfoProvider,            boolean usePkgIcon, boolean useLowResIcon) {        CacheEntry entry = cacheLocked(infoInOut.getTargetComponent(), activityInfoProvider,                infoInOut.user, usePkgIcon, useLowResIcon);        applyCacheEntry(entry, infoInOut);    }

继续封装AppInfo

protected CacheEntry cacheLocked(            @NonNull ComponentName componentName,            @NonNull Provider<LauncherActivityInfo> infoProvider,            UserHandle user, boolean usePackageIcon, boolean useLowResIcon) {        Preconditions.assertWorkerThread();        ComponentKey cacheKey = new ComponentKey(componentName, user);        CacheEntry entry = mCache.get(cacheKey);        if (entry == null || (entry.isLowResIcon && !useLowResIcon)) {            entry = new CacheEntry();            mCache.put(cacheKey, entry);            // Check the DB first.            LauncherActivityInfo info = null;            boolean providerFetchedOnce = false;            if (!getEntryFromDB(cacheKey, entry, useLowResIcon) || DEBUG_IGNORE_CACHE) {                info = infoProvider.get();                providerFetchedOnce = true;                if (info != null) {                    Log.i(TAG, "cacheLocked--> 1 create icon ="+info.getName());                    entry.icon = LauncherIcons.createBadgedIconBitmap(                            getFullResIcon(info), info.getUser(), mContext,                            infoProvider.get().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion);                }            }...//省略        }        return entry;    }

在LauncherIcons的createBadgedIconBitmap里处理appIcon,其中第一个参数来自于getFullResIcon(info)

    public Drawable getFullResIcon(LauncherActivityInfo info) {        return getFullResIcon(info, true);    }    ---    public Drawable getFullResIcon(LauncherActivityInfo info, boolean flattenDrawable) {        return mIconProvider.getIcon(info, mIconDpi, flattenDrawable);    }    ---    public Drawable getIcon(LauncherActivityInfo info, int iconDpi, boolean flattenDrawable) {        return info.getIcon(iconDpi);    }

获取的Icon资源来自于 LauncherActivityInfo

public Drawable getIcon(int density) {        // TODO: Go through LauncherAppsService        final int iconRes = mActivityInfo.getIconResource();        Drawable icon = null;        // Get the preferred density icon from the app's resources        if (density != 0 && iconRes != 0) {            try {                final Resources resources                        = mPm.getResourcesForApplication(mActivityInfo.applicationInfo);                icon = resources.getDrawableForDensity(iconRes, density);            } catch (NameNotFoundException | Resources.NotFoundException exc) {            }        }        // Get the default density icon        if (icon == null) {            icon = mActivityInfo.loadIcon(mPm);        }        return icon;    }

关键点就是

    final Resources resources            = mPm.getResourcesForApplication(mActivityInfo.applicationInfo);    icon = resources.getDrawableForDensity(iconRes, density);

通过各个app的启动Activity(就是每个app都有的主Activity),获取到对应的ApplicationInfo,然后获取到对应包的资源Resources,然后根据那个Resources找到对应Id的drawable.

所以我们找到了Launcher加载app列表,获取app图标的地方了,接下来就是怎么拦截这个操作,使用我们自己主题app的图标了。


步骤二

使Launcher加载我们自己写的包里的资源。

在上面的获取Resources的时候,是通过对应的ApplicationInfo来获取的,也就是每个应用程序都有自己对应的Resources对象来管理当前app的资源,我们怎么去获取到我们自己写的包的Resources呢,如果要先去获取Activityinfo,那就很绕弯了,很巧的是,还有个可用的重载方法。

getResourcesForApplication(ApplicationInfo app)getResourcesForApplication(String appPackageName)

直接根据包名就可以获取到资源Resources对象,当然这里的报名直接写我们自己的app包名。


所以接下来就是在getFullResIcon那里做拦截,先到我们写的app里找资源,更改如下

    public Drawable getFullResIcon(LauncherActivityInfo info, boolean flattenDrawable) {        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mPackname)) {            Drawable drawable = getFullResIconLanco(info.getActivityInfo());            if (drawable != null) {                return drawable;            }        }        return mIconProvider.getIcon(info, mIconDpi, flattenDrawable);    }
public Drawable getFullResIconLanco(ActivityInfo info) {        Drawable drawable = null;        Resources resourcesX;        Resources resourcesY;        try {            resourcesX= mPackageManager.getResourcesForApplication(                    info.applicationInfo);            resourcesY = mPackageManager.getResourcesForApplication(                    mPackname);        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {            resourcesX = null;            resourcesY = null;        }        if (resourcesX != null && resourcesY != null) {            int iconId = info.getIconResource();            if (iconId != 0) {                drawable = getFullResIcon(resourcesX, resourcesY, iconId);                if (drawable != null) {                    return drawable;                }            }        }        return drawable;    }

当获取对应Icon的时候,一并得到我们自己app的Resources

    private Drawable getFullResIcon(Resources resourcesReal,Resources resourcesFake, int iconId) {        Drawable d;        try {            String name = resourcesReal.getResourceEntryName(iconId);            String type = resourcesReal.getResourceTypeName(iconId);            if (!mThemename.equals("")) {                name = name + "_" + mThemename;            }            int fakeid = resourcesFake.getIdentifier(name,"drawable", mPackname);            Log.i(TAG, "getFullResIcon--> name = " + name + "--type =" + type+"--iconId="+iconId+"--fakeid="+fakeid);            d = resourcesFake.getDrawableForDensity(fakeid, mIconDpi);        } catch (Resources.NotFoundException e) {            d = null;        }        return d ;    }

根据真实的Resources获取到对应icon的名称,然后根据名称,在我们写的app的Resources里找到同名的id,再找到对应的Drawable。
其中,根据mThemename主题名称的不同,我们加载不同的icon名称,
比如:如果主题名字叫theme,正常的appIcon名称 ic_launcher_main, 对应我们包里的icon就命名成ic_launcher_main_theme, 不同主题加不同的后缀,用于区分不同的id,
关于mThemename和mPackname,主题名和包名的传递,是在我们自己app里直接发送Intent过来的,然后把对应名称设置到IconCache这个类里来就行了,别忘了,前面特别提到LauncherModel是个BroadcastReceiver,发广播的事情不提了。


步骤三

在我们的app里定义不同的主题包

首先要内置第三方app,然后在makefile里区别资源包,我的方法是给出三个目录

LOCAL_RESOURCE_DIR := \    $(LOCAL_PATH)/res \    $(LOCAL_PATH)/res_fake\    $(LOCAL_PATH)/res_xposed \

创建不同的主题资源,其余的就是对应图片命名,然后别忘了引用他们,不然编译不能生成对应R资源。

<resources>    <drawable name="ic_launcher_browser_fake">@drawable/ic_launcher_browser_fake</drawable>    <drawable name="ic_launcher_phone_fake">@drawable/ic_launcher_phone_fake</drawable>    <drawable name="ic_launcher_mms_fake">@drawable/ic_launcher_mms_fake</drawable></resources>

然后R文件里就会有我们的ID了,

    public static final int ic_launcher_browser_fake=0x7f08006e;    public static final int ic_launcher_phone_fake=0x7f080080;    public static final int ic_launcher_mms_fake=0x7f08007d;

这样,在Launcher找我们包里的图片的时候,找的就是这些我们加进来的图片id.


Tips

Launcher 初始化之后,就不会再加载一次图片,因为那些app列表信息会存储到数据库里,要想每次我们切换主题都有效,就必须强制清空数据,

mIconCache.clear();

这是必须的,以及

    if (clearDb) {        Log.d(TAG, "loadWorkspace: resetting launcher database");        LauncherSettings.Settings.call(contentResolver,                LauncherSettings.Settings.METHOD_CREATE_EMPTY_DB);    }

这是清除数据库,具体的都在源码里。只有这样才会更新,不然就从缓存里和数据库里找资源了。


步骤四

更改对应壁纸

这里只需要在切换主题的时候更换壁纸,

    try {        if (mWallPaperid == 0) {            clearWallpaper();        }else {            WallpaperManager.getInstance(this).            setBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), mWallPaperid));        }    } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }

效果图:


总结:

以上过程思路都是我个人摸索的,我不知道像华为和小米那些公司是怎么在处理主题切换的,不过我能想到的是,他们也是改ResID来主题app里找resource,只不过会封装的很多,这也许只有等以后技术厉害了才会知道吧~
关于这个app,我这里只是简单实现了一键切换桌面app图标和壁纸,其他的比如系统其他图标和动态壁纸这些还不清楚怎么实现,还有关于网络下载主题加载资源包的问题,这里也没有给出办法,不过目前需求只是内置几套主题可以,以后升级加载的事再说。

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