android附件上传下载（图片，语音，视频）

上传

所有的上传都是一样的都是转成流的形式发送给服务器，注意写入body是一个异步操作，我写的网络发送（okhttp+rxjava）也是异步的，所以在部分机型上会报错，java.net.ProtocolException: expected 6137 bytes but received 7081 ,这是因为还没有把所有数据写入body就发送了，所有可以在写入完成之后再发送。

 final File file = new File(path);//path为文件路径        Observable.just(file).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                .map(new Function() {                    @Override                    public RequestBody apply(File file) throws Exception {                        RequestBody requestFile =                                RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file);                        return requestFile;                    }                }).subscribe(new Observer() {            @Override            public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {            }            @Override            public void onNext(RequestBody requestBody) {                final MultipartBody.Part part =                        MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("uploadFile", file.getName(), requestBody);                upload(part);//上传方法            }            @Override            public void onError(Throwable e) {            }            @Override            public void onComplete() {            }        });

//上传方法 private void upload(MultipartBody.Part part) {        Observable> call = NetConnect.getService(HomeApi.class).uploadFile(part);        call.compose(NetConnect.>changeThread()).subscribe(new CallBackObserver>(false) {            @Override            public void onSuccess(HttpResult response) {            }            @Override            public void onFailure(HttpResult response){            }        });    }

/**文件上传*/    @Multipart    @POST("/protal-web/app/ftpUpload/ftpUpload.htm")    Observable> uploadFile(@Part MultipartBody.Part uploadFile);

下载

 /**下载文件*/    @Streaming    @GET    Call downloadFile(@Url String filePath);

 Call call = NetConnect.getService(HomeApi.class).downloadFile(path);                    call.enqueue(new Callback() {                        @Override                        public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {                        }                        @Override                        public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable t) {                        }                    });

图片

从相册选择

/**     * 相册选择     */    private void albumSelect() {        //执行拍照前，应该先判断SD卡是否存在        String SDState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();        if (SDState.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {            Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);            MyApplication.getActivity().startActivityForResult(i, BaseParam.takePhotoResult);        } else {            Toast.makeText(MyApplication.getActivity(), "内存卡不存在", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();        }    }

回调为Uri data.getData();

 //通过uri得到路径    public static String getRealPathFromURI(Context context, Uri contentURI) {        String result;        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentURI,                new String[]{MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA},//                null, null, null);        if (cursor == null) result = contentURI.getPath();        else {            cursor.moveToFirst();            int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA);            result = cursor.getString(index);            cursor.close();        }        return result;    }

相机拍摄

 /**     * 相机拍摄     */    public void takeCamera() {        Intent takePictureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);        if (takePictureIntent.resolveActivity(MyApplication.getActivity().getPackageManager()) != null) {            //创建文件            File photoFile = createImageFile();            if (photoFile != null) {                //存入照片                takePictureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(photoFile));            }        }        MyApplication.getActivity().startActivityForResult(takePictureIntent, BaseParam.takeCameraResult);    }

//创建图片文件    private File createImageFile() {        File storageDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);        File image = null;        try {            image = File.createTempFile(                    generateFileName(),  /* prefix */                    ".jpg",         /* suffix */                    storageDir      /* directory */            );        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        mCurrentPath = image.getAbsolutePath();        return image;    }    //生成文件名    public static String generateFileName() {        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());        String imageFileName = "JPEG_" + timeStamp + "_";        return imageFileName;    }

图片预览
图片预览采用的是glide框架

语音

语音采用的是按住发言方式录音

public class AudioRecoderUtils {    //文件路径    private String filePath;    //文件夹路径    private String FolderPath;    private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;    private final String TAG = "fan";    public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 1000 * 60 ;// 最大录音时长1000*60;    private OnAudioStatusUpdateListener audioStatusUpdateListener;    /**     * 文件存储默认sdcard/record     */    public AudioRecoderUtils(){        //默认保存路径为/sdcard/record/下        this(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/record/");    }    public AudioRecoderUtils(String filePath) {        File path = new File(filePath);        if(!path.exists())            path.mkdirs();        this.FolderPath = filePath;    }    private long startTime;    private long endTime;    /**     * 开始录音 使用amr格式     *      录音文件     * @return     */    public void startRecord() {        // 开始录音        /* ①Initial：实例化MediaRecorder对象 */        if (mMediaRecorder == null)            mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();        try {            /* ②setAudioSource/setVedioSource *///            mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);// 设置麦克风//            /* ②设置音频文件的编码：AAC/AMR_NB/AMR_MB/Default 声音的（波形）的采样 *///            mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.DEFAULT);//            /*//             * ②设置输出文件的格式：THREE_GPP/MPEG-4/RAW_AMR/Default THREE_GPP(3gp格式//             * ，H263视频/ARM音频编码)、MPEG-4、RAW_AMR(只支持音频且音频编码要求为AMR_NB)//             *///            mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);            mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);            mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);            mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);            filePath = FolderPath + TimeUtils.getCurrentTime() + ".mp3" ;            /* ③准备 */            mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(filePath);            mMediaRecorder.setMaxDuration(MAX_LENGTH);            mMediaRecorder.prepare();            /* ④开始 */            mMediaRecorder.start();            // AudioRecord audioRecord.            /* 获取开始时间* */            startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();            updateMicStatus();            Log.e("fan", "startTime" + startTime);        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {            Log.i(TAG, "call startAmr(File mRecAudioFile) failed!" + e.getMessage());        } catch (IOException e) {            Log.i(TAG, "call startAmr(File mRecAudioFile) failed!" + e.getMessage());        }    }    /**     * 停止录音     */    public long stopRecord() {        if (mMediaRecorder == null)            return 0L;        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();        try {            mMediaRecorder.stop();            mMediaRecorder.reset();            mMediaRecorder.release();            mMediaRecorder = null;            audioStatusUpdateListener.onStop(filePath);            filePath = "";        }catch (RuntimeException e){            mMediaRecorder.reset();            mMediaRecorder.release();            mMediaRecorder = null;            File file = new File(filePath);            if (file.exists())                file.delete();            filePath = "";        }        return endTime - startTime;    }    /**     * 取消录音     */    public void cancelRecord(){        try {            mMediaRecorder.stop();            mMediaRecorder.reset();            mMediaRecorder.release();            mMediaRecorder = null;        }catch (RuntimeException e){            mMediaRecorder.reset();            mMediaRecorder.release();            mMediaRecorder = null;        }        File file = new File(filePath);        if (file.exists())            file.delete();        filePath = "";    }    private final Handler mHandler = new Handler();    private Runnable mUpdateMicStatusTimer = new Runnable() {        public void run() {            updateMicStatus();        }    };    private int BASE = 1;    private int SPACE = 100;// 间隔取样时间    public void setOnAudioStatusUpdateListener(OnAudioStatusUpdateListener audioStatusUpdateListener) {        this.audioStatusUpdateListener = audioStatusUpdateListener;    }    /**     * 更新麦克状态     */    private void updateMicStatus() {        if (mMediaRecorder != null) {            double ratio = (double)mMediaRecorder.getMaxAmplitude() / BASE;            double db = 0;// 分贝            if (ratio > 1) {                db = 20 * Math.log10(ratio);                if(null != audioStatusUpdateListener) {                    audioStatusUpdateListener.onUpdate(db,System.currentTimeMillis()-startTime);                }            }            mHandler.postDelayed(mUpdateMicStatusTimer, SPACE);        }    }    public interface OnAudioStatusUpdateListener {        /**         * 录音中...         * @param db 当前声音分贝         * @param time 录音时长         */        public void onUpdate(double db, long time);        /**         * 停止录音         * @param filePath 保存路径         */        public void onStop(String filePath);    }}

//使用方式 mAudioRecoderUtils = new AudioRecoderUtils();        //录音回调        mAudioRecoderUtils.setOnAudioStatusUpdateListener(new AudioRecoderUtils.OnAudioStatusUpdateListener() {            //录音中....db为声音分贝，time为录音时长            @Override            public void onUpdate(double db, long time) {            }            //录音结束，filePath为保存路径            @Override            public void onStop(String filePath) {            }        });

语音播放预览

  /**     * 播放音频     */    private void voicePlayer(String path) {        File file = new File(path);        System.out.println(path);        Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MyApplication.getActivity(), "包名.fileprovider", file);//android 7.0以后无法识别file://，需要转为uri        MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(MyApplication.getActivity(), contentUri);        mediaPlayer.start();    }

视频

本地视频

  /**     * 本地选择视频     *     * @return     */    public void localVedio() {        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, android.provider.MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);        MyApplication.getActivity().startActivityForResult(intent, BaseParam.REQUEST_VIDEO_CODE);    }

//回调获取路径  Cursor cursor = MyApplication.getActivity().getContentResolver().query(data.getData(), null, null, null, null);                cursor.moveToFirst();                path = cursor.getString(1));

视频录制

 /***     * 视频录制     * @return     */    public void vedioButton() {        File storageDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);        // 将文件存到指定的路径        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());        String filePath = storageDir + timeStamp + ".mp4";        File file = new File(filePath);        if (file.exists()) {            file.delete();        }        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);        Intent intent = new Intent();        intent.setAction("android.media.action.VIDEO_CAPTURE");        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");        // 自定义输出位置，这样可以将视频存在我们指定的位置        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);        //设置视频录制的最长时间        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_DURATION_LIMIT, 30);        //设置视频录制的画质        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, 0.2);        MyApplication.getActivity().startActivityForResult(intent, BaseParam.vedioResult);    }

回调为Uri data.getData();
视频播放

/***     * 调用系统自带的播放器     */    public void vedioPlayer(String path) {        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);         File file = new File(path);        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/*");        MyApplication.getActivity().startActivity(intent);    }

附件上传可以适当的做一些压缩，常言的压缩就是图片压缩，语音本身不会太大，视频压缩比较麻烦，在拍摄的时候可以降低画质。服务器如果是nginx服务器可能会报413错误，因为其对文件做了限制，没改默认1M

上传

下载

图片

语音

视频

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