安卓第七天笔记--网络编程一

Android对网络的支持

Android完全支持JDK本身的TCP,UDP网络通信API,也可以使用ServerSocket,Socket来建立基于TCP/IP协议的网络通信,还可以使用DatagramSocket,Datagrampacket,MulticastSocket来建立基于UDP的协议网络通信

同时支持JDK提供的URL,URLConnection等网络通信API.

Andoirdgip内置了Apache的HttpClient,这样可以非常方便的发送HTTP请求,并获取HTTP响应.

1.Socket实现

服务器

package com.itheima.server;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.ServerSocket;import java.net.Socket;import java.util.ArrayList;/** * ServerSocket 服务端* @Decription TODO * @author 刘楠 * * @time2016-2-22下午4:54:59 */public class MyServer {    public static ArrayList<Socket> socketList = new ArrayList<Socket>();    public static void main(String[] args) {                    try {            //建立serversocket            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(25000);            //服务器一直在运行状态            while(true){                //开始监听                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();                socketList.add(socket);                //启动新的线程                new ServerThread(socket).start();            }                    } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}/*线程类*/package com.itheima.server;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.Socket;public class ServerThread extends Thread {    private Socket socket;        public ServerThread(Socket socket) throws IOException {        //初始化        this.socket = socket;            }    @Override    public void run() {        String ip = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();        System.out.println("ip:"+ip);        BufferedReader br=null;        OutputStream out = null;        try {            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),                    "UTF-8"));            out = socket.getOutputStream();                        String content = null;            while((content=br.readLine())!=null){                System.out.println("来自客户端:"+content);                //手动加上换行 符,不然没客户端收不到                out.write((content+"\n").toUpperCase().getBytes("utf-8"));                                System.out.println("服务发出去了:");            }                    out.close();            br.close();            socket.close();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context="com.itheima.mutithreadclient.MainActivity">    <!--接收用户输入的内容-->    <EditText        android:id="@+id/input"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="请输入要发送的内容"/>    <Button        android:id="@+id/send"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="发送"/><!--接收服务返回的内容-->    <TextView        android:id="@+id/show"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/></LinearLayout>

子线程

/** * 线程类 * Created by  刘楠 on 2016-02-22 17:51. */public  class  ClientThread implements  Runnable{    private static final String TAG = "ClientThread";    private Socket s;    // 定义向UI线程发送消息的Handler对象    private Handler handler;    // 定义接收UI线程的消息的Handler对象    public Handler revHandler;    // 该线程所处理的Socket所对应的输入流    BufferedReader br = null;    OutputStream os = null;    public ClientThread(Handler handler)    {        this.handler = handler;    }    public void run()    {        try        {            s = new Socket("192.168.1.103", 25000);            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(                    s.getInputStream()));            os = s.getOutputStream();            // 启动一条子线程来读取服务器响应的数据            new Thread()            {                @Override                public void run()                {                    String content = null;                    // 不断读取Socket输入流中的内容                    try                    {                        while ((content = br.readLine()) != null)                        {                            // 每当读到来自服务器的数据之后，发送消息通知程序                            // 界面显示该数据                            Message msg = new Message();                            msg.what = 0x123;                            msg.obj = content;                            handler.sendMessage(msg);                            Log.i(TAG,"服务返回"+content);                        }                    }                    catch (IOException e)                    {                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                }            }.start();            // 为当前线程初始化Looper            Looper.prepare();            // 创建revHandler对象            revHandler = new Handler()            {                @Override                public void handleMessage(Message msg)                {                    // 接收到UI线程中用户输入的数据                    if (msg.what == 0x345)                    {                        // 将用户在文本框内输入的内容写入网络                        try                        {                            //手动加上换行符                            os.write((msg.obj.toString() + "\r\n")                                    .getBytes("utf-8"));                            Log.i(TAG, "输入的" + msg.obj.toString());                        }                        catch (Exception e)                        {                            e.printStackTrace();                        }                    }                }            };            // 启动Looper            Looper.loop();        }        catch (SocketTimeoutException e1)        {            System.out.println("网络连接超时！！");        }        catch (Exception e)        {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

Activity

/** * * 使用ServketSocket做服务通信 * * * @author  刘楠 */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private EditText input;    private TextView show;    private ClientThread clientThread;    private Button send;    private Handler handler;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);        show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);        send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);        /**         * 接收到消息要就显示         */         handler = new Handler(){            @Override            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {                if(msg.what==0x123){                    show.append("\n"+msg.obj.toString());                }            }        };        //初始化子线程        clientThread = new ClientThread(handler);        //启动子线程        new Thread(clientThread).start();        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                String str = input.getText().toString().trim();                Message msg=new Message();                msg.what=0x345;                msg.obj=str;                //把内容发给子线程                clientThread.revHandler.sendMessage(msg);                //清空文本框                input.setText("");            }        });    }}

 <!--添加网络权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2.URL连接网络

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_url"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="请输入URL图片地址"/>    <Button        android:onClick="display"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="显示图片地址"/>    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/show"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"/></LinearLayout>

Activity

/** * URL连接网络 * 获取URL地址 * 打开流,获取流的内容 *  */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    /*    标识表示成功     */    private static final int SUCCESS = 1;    //路径写死了 也可以获取的方式    private String path ="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=4114593003,3380074209&fm=21&gp=0.jpg";    /*    图片     */    Bitmap bitmap;    /*    显示图片     */    ImageView show;    /*    输入的URL     */    private EditText et_url;    private Handler handler;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);        show = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.show);        handler = new Handler(){            @Override            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {                switch(msg.what){                    case SUCCESS:                    show.setImageBitmap(bitmap);                    break;                }            }        };    }    /**     * 获取输入的地址并显示图片     * @param v  当前对象     */    public void display(View v){        String strPath = et_url.getText().toString().trim();        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(strPath)){            Toast.makeText(this,"输入的路径不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            return ;        }        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    //获取URL                    URL url = new URL(path);                    //打开流获取资源                    InputStream in = url.openStream();                    //使用BitmapFactory转换为Bitmap                    bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);                    //获取消息                    Message msg = Message.obtain();                    msg.what=SUCCESS;                    msg.obj=bitmap;                    handler.sendMessage(msg);                    //关闭                   // in.close();                    //把文件保存到本地                    in =url.openStream();                    OutputStream out = openFileOutput("test.png",MODE_PRIVATE);                    byte [] buf = new byte [1024];                    int len=0;                    while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){                        out.write(buf,0,len);                    }                    out.close();                    in.close();                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                } catch (IOException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }).start();    }}

添加网络权限

    <!--添加网络权限-->    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

3.URLConnection连接网络

使用URLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
*
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容

服务器Servlet

/** * LoginServlet* @Decription 处理登录请求的Servlet * @author 刘楠 * * @time2016-2-22下午9:40:48 */@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/login"})public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        /*         * 获取用户名与密码并转换为UTF-8         */        String user = request.getParameter("username");        /*String encode = URLEncoder.encode(user,"iso8859-1");        String decode = URLDecoder.decode(encode, "UTF-8");*/                String username =new String(user.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");        System.out.println("用户名:"+username);                String pwd=request.getParameter("password");                String password = new String(pwd.getBytes("iso8859-1"), "UTF-8");        System.out.println("密码:"+password);                /*         * 这里写死用户名与密码,         * 正常是去数据库查询         */        PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();                if("admin".equals(username)&& "admin".equals(password)){            writer.write("SUCCESS");                    }else{            writer.write("FAILURE");        }                                                        }    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        System.out.println("================post===============");        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");        String username = request.getParameter("username");                String password = request.getParameter("password");        System.out.println("username:"+username+",password: "+password);                if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){            response.getWriter().print("SUCCESS");        }else{            response.getWriter().print("failure");        }    }}

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3.1get请求与Post请求

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context="com.itheima.urlconnection.MainActivity">    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_user"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="请输入用户名"/>    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_pwd"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:inputType="textPassword"        android:hint="请输入密码"/>    <Button        android:onClick="get"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="GET请求"/>    <Button        android:onClick="post"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="POST  请求"/>    <TextView        android:id="@+id/show"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/></LinearLayout>

Activity

/** * 使用URLConnection连接网络 *Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password * openConnection * 设置请求头信息 * connect()建立实际连接 * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream * 读取输入流中的内容 * * Post方式, * 请求地址 * ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password * openConnection * 设置请求头信息 * connect()建立实际连接 * setDoOuput(true) * setDoInput(true) * 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes()); * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream * 读取输入流中的内容 * * */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private static final int SUCCESS = 1;    private static final int ERROR =2 ;    private static final String TAG ="MainActivity" ;    /*        请求的路径         */    private String path="http://192.168.1.103:8080/Login/login";    private TextView show;    private EditText et_user;    private EditText et_pwd;    /*    Handler 消息处理     */    private Handler handler;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        /*        初始化         */        et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);        et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);        show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);        handler = new Handler(){            @Override            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {                switch (msg.what){                    case SUCCESS:                        show.setText(msg.obj.toString());                        break;                    case ERROR:                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络异常",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                        break;                }            }        };    }    /**     * get 方式请求     * @param v 当前组件     */    public void get(View v){        String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){            Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            return ;        }        final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;        /*        get请求         */        new Thread(){            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    //获取请求URL地址                    URL url=new URL(urlName);                    //打开连接                    URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();                    //设置超时时间                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);                    // 设置通用的请求属性                    conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");                    conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");                    conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",                            "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");                    //建立实际连接                    conn.connect();                    //获取所有的行响应 头字段                    Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();                    Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();                    for (String key:keySet ) {                        Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));                    }                    //定义输入流来获取URL的响应                    InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();                    ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();                                                 int len=0;                                        byte [] buf = new byte[1024];                                        while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){                        bas.write(buf,0,len);                    }                    //转换为字符串                    String result=bas.toString();                    //设置消息对象                    Message msg = Message.obtain();                    //成功就发送SUCCESS                    msg.what=SUCCESS;                    msg.obj=result;                    //发送                    handler.sendMessage(msg);                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                    //出异常就发送ERROR                    Message msg = Message.obtain();                    msg.what=ERROR;                    handler.sendMessage(msg);                }            }        }.start();    }    /**     * post 方式请求     * @param v 当前组件     */    public void post(View v){        String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){            Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            return ;        }        final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;        /*        post请求         */        new Thread(){            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    //获取请求URL地址                    URL url=new URL(path);                    //打开连接                    URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();                    //设置超时时间                    conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);                    // 设置通用的请求属性                    conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");                    conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");                    conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",                            "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");                    /*                    post请求必须有以下2行                     */                    conn.setDoOutput(true);                    conn.setDoInput(true);                    OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();                    out.write(params.getBytes());                    //建立实际连接                    //获取所有的行响应 头字段                    Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();                    Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();                    for (String key:keySet ) {                        Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));                    }                    //定义输入流来获取URL的响应                    InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();                    ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();                    int len=0;                    byte [] buf = new byte[1024];                    while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){                        bas.write(buf,0,len);                    }                    //转换为字符串                    String result=bas.toString();                    //设置消息对象                    Message msg = Message.obtain();                    //成功就发送SUCCESS                    msg.what=SUCCESS;                    msg.obj=result;                    //发送                    handler.sendMessage(msg);                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                    //出异常就发送ERROR                    Message msg = Message.obtain();                    msg.what=ERROR;                    handler.sendMessage(msg);                }            }        }.start();    }}

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添加网络权限

    <!--添加网络权限-->    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

4.Http网络连接

和URLConnection非常类似只获取连接为HttpURULConnection

/**
 * 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络
 *Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
 * openConnection
 * 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写
 *
 * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
 * 读取输入流中的内容
 *
 * Post方式,
 * 请求地址
 * ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
 * openConnection
 * 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写
 * setDoOuput(true)
 * setDoInput(true)
 * 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
 * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
 * 读取输入流中的内容
 *
 *
 */

/** * 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络 *Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password * openConnection * 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写 * * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream * 读取输入流中的内容 * * Post方式, * 请求地址 * ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password * openConnection * 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写 * setDoOuput(true) * setDoInput(true) * 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes()); * 获取输入流conn.getInputStream * 读取输入流中的内容 * * */public class MainActivity extends  AppCompatActivity{private static final int SUCCESS = 1;private static final int ERROR =2 ;private static final String TAG ="MainActivity" ;    /*        请求的路径         */private String path="http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";private TextView show;private EditText et_user;private EditText et_pwd;    /*    Handler 消息处理     */private Handler handler;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        /*        初始化         */        et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);        et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);        show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);        handler = new Handler(){@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {        switch (msg.what){        case SUCCESS:        show.setText(msg.obj.toString());        break;        case ERROR:        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        break;        }        }        };        }/** * get 方式请求 * @param v 当前组件 */public void get(View v){        String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){        Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        return ;        }final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;        /*        get请求         */        new Thread(){@Overridepublic void run() {        try {        //获取请求URL地址        URL url=new URL(urlName);        //打开连接        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();        //设置超时时间        conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);        //设置请求方式        conn.setRequestMethod("GET");        //获取响应码        int code = conn.getResponseCode();        if(code==200) {                //获取所有的行响应 头字段                Map<String, List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();                Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();                for (String key : keySet) {                        Log.i(TAG, "key" + key + "------------>" + map.get(key));                }                //定义输入流来获取URL的响应                InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();                ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();                int len = 0;                byte[] buf = new byte[1024];                while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {                        bas.write(buf, 0, len);                }                //转换为字符串                String result = bas.toString();                //设置消息对象                Message msg = Message.obtain();                //成功就发送SUCCESS                msg.what = SUCCESS;                msg.obj = result;                //发送                handler.sendMessage(msg);        }else{                //出异常就发送ERROR                Message msg = Message.obtain();                msg.what=ERROR;                handler.sendMessage(msg);        }        } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();        //出异常就发送ERROR        Message msg = Message.obtain();        msg.what=ERROR;        handler.sendMessage(msg);        }        }        }.start();        }/** * post 方式请求 * @param v 当前组件 */public void post(View v){        String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){        Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        return ;        }final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;        /*        post请求         */        new Thread(){@Overridepublic void run() {        try {        //获取请求URL地址        URL url=new URL(path);        //打开连接        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();        //设置超时时间        conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);         //设置请求方式         conn.setRequestMethod("POST");          /*          post请求必须有以下2行         */        conn.setDoOutput(true);        OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();        out.write(params.getBytes());        //建立实际连接        //获取所有的行响应 头字段        Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();        Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();        for (String key:keySet ) {        Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));        }        //定义输入流来获取URL的响应        InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();        ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();        int len=0;        byte [] buf = new byte[1024];        while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){        bas.write(buf,0,len);        }        //转换为字符串        String result=bas.toString();        //设置消息对象        Message msg = Message.obtain();        //成功就发送SUCCESS        msg.what=SUCCESS;        msg.obj=result;        //发送        handler.sendMessage(msg);        } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();        //出异常就发送ERROR        Message msg = Message.obtain();        msg.what=ERROR;        handler.sendMessage(msg);        }        }        }.start();        }        }

View Code

5.使用ApacheHttpClient

/** * 使用HttpClient做网络请求 5.0过期,6.0不可用 *  * 建立HttpClient对象 get请求 建立httpGet对象 * setParams来设置参数 * 也可以将参数拼接在URL地址后面 *  * post请求 建立HttpPost对象 * 设置请求体 * setEntity * new UrlEncodedFormEntity(List<? extends NameValuePair>) * 设置参数 *  * 获取行响应码,判断, * 获取行响应体 *  *  *  * @author 刘楠 *  *         2016-2-23上午12:04:06 */public class MainActivity extends Activity {    private static final int SUCCESS = 1;    private static final int ERROR = 2;    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";    /*     * 请求的路径     */    private String path = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";    private TextView show;    private EditText et_user;    private EditText et_pwd;    private HttpClient client;    /*     * Handler 消息处理     */    private Handler handler;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        /*         * 初始化         */        client = new DefaultHttpClient();        et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);        et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);        show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);        handler = new Handler() {            @Override            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {                switch (msg.what) {                case SUCCESS:                    show.setText(msg.obj.toString());                    break;                case ERROR:                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常",                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                    break;                }            }        };    }    /**     * get 方式请求     *      * @param v     *            当前组件     */        private String urlName ;    public void get(View v) {        String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)) {            Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            return;        }                try {             urlName =  path + "?username="                    + URLEncoder.encode(username, "UTF-8") + "&password="                    + URLEncoder.encode(password, "UTF-8");        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {                        e1.printStackTrace();        }        /*         * get请求         */        new Thread() {            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    HttpGet get = new HttpGet(urlName);                    /**                     * 可以使用HttpParams设置参数 HttpParams params = new                     * BasicHttpParams();                     */                    // 开始执行                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);                    // 获取响应码                    int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();                    if (code == 200) {                        // 获取内容响应体中的内容                        InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();                        ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();                        int len = 0;                        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];                        while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {                            bas.write(buf, 0, len);                        }                        String result = bas.toString();                        in.close();                        //设置消息                        Message msg = Message.obtain();                        msg.what = SUCCESS;                        msg.obj = result;                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                    } else {                        Message msg = Message.obtain();                        msg.what = SUCCESS;                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                    }                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }                            }        }.start();            }    /**     * post 方式请求     *      * @param v     *            当前组件     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException     */    public void post(View v) {        final String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();        final String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)) {            Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            return;        }        /*         * post请求         */        new Thread() {            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    //建立Post请求                    HttpPost post = new HttpPost(path);                                        List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();                                                            parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", username));                    parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));                    //设置请求体与字符编码                    post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters,"UTF-8") );                                        //执行                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);                    //获取响应码                    int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();                                        if (code == 200) {                        // 获取内容响应体中的内容                        InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();                        ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();                        int len = 0;                        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];                        while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {                            bas.write(buf, 0, len);                        }                        String result = bas.toString();                        in.close();                        //设置消息                        Message msg = Message.obtain();                        msg.what = SUCCESS;                        msg.obj = result;                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                    } else {                        Message msg = Message.obtain();                        msg.what = SUCCESS;                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                    }                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }                            }        }.start();    }}

View Code

6.WebView

goBack():后退

goForward():前进

loadUrl(String url):加载指定URL的网页

boolean zoomln():放大网页

zoomOut():缩小网页

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_url"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="请输入url网址"/>    <WebView        android:id="@+id/wv_show"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent">    </WebView></LinearLayout>

布局

Activity

/** * WebView小型浏览器 * */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    /*    接收输入的URL     */    private EditText et_url;    /*    显示网页内容     */    private WebView wv_show;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);        wv_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.wv_show);    }    @Override    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode,KeyEvent event) {        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU){            String urlStr = et_url.getText().toString().trim();            //加载            wv_show.loadUrl(urlStr);            return  true;        }        return false;    }}

添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

7.使用WebHTML加载HTML代码

WebView提供了一具

loadData(String data,String mimeType ,String encoding)方法用于加载HTML,这个方法加载中文时会有乱码

还有一个

loadDataWithURL(String data,String mimeType ,String encoding,String historyUrl)方法是第一个方法的加强,

data:指定的HTML代码

mimeType:指定HTML代码的MIME类型,对象HTML代码可指定为text/html

encoding:指定HTML代码编码所有的字符集:UTF-8

布局中只有一个WebView

/** * WebView显示HTML */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private WebView webView_show;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        //获取webView组件        webView_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView_show);        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();        sb.append("<html>");        sb.append("<head>");        sb.append("<title> 欢迎WebView显示HTML</title>");        sb.append("</head>");        sb.append("<body>");        sb.append("<h1 align='center' style='color:red'>显示中文标题</h1>");        sb.append("</body>");        sb.append("</html>");        //加载并显示HTML这个中文会显示乱码        //webView_show.loadData(sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8");        webView_show.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8",null);    }}

9.WebView使用JavaScript调用Android

步骤:

1.调用WebView的get getSettings方法获取WebSettings

2.启用JAVAScript调用功能

webSettings.setJavaScriptEnable(true)

3.调用webView的addJavaScript(Object obj,String name)方法

4.在javaScript脚本中通过刚才暴露的name对象调用Android

5.对象的方法上必须加上注解

/**
- * 这具注解只能用在方法
  - */
    - @JavascriptInterface

Html在assets目录下

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>    <title>JS 调用</title></head><body><!-- 注意此处的myObj是Android暴露出来的对象 --><input type="button" value="弹Toast"       onclick="person.show();"/><input type="button" value="图书列表"       onclick="person.showList();"/></body></html>

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <WebView        android:id="@+id/webView"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"/></RelativeLayout>

JAVABean:

/** * Created by  刘楠 on 2016-02-23 09:00. */public class Person {    private String name;    private int age;    private Context mContext;    public Person(Context context){        this.mContext = context;    }    public Person(String name, int age) {        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }    @JavascriptInterface    public void show(){        Toast.makeText(mContext,"姓名"+this.name+",年龄:"+age,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }    /**     * 这具注解只能用在方法     */    @JavascriptInterface    public void showList(){        new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext)       //设置标题        .setTitle("人员列表")       .setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)       .setItems(new String [] {"JAVA","Android","C++","C","PYTHON"},null)                .setPositiveButton("确定",null)                .setNegativeButton("取消",null)                .create().show();    }}

Activity

/** * WebView使用JavaScript *  */public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private WebView webView;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);        webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");        //获取WebView设置对象        WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();        //启用javaScript        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);        Person person = new Person(this);        person.setName("张三");        person.setAge(18);        //传递对象        webView.addJavascriptInterface(person, "person");    }}

安卓第七天笔记--网络编程一

安卓第七天笔记--网络编程一

Android对网络的支持

1.Socket实现

2.URL连接网络

3.URLConnection连接网络

3.1get请求与Post请求

4.Http网络连接

5.使用ApacheHttpClient

6.WebView

7.使用WebHTML加载HTML代码

9.WebView使用JavaScript调用Android

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