Android之Intent全面解析及用法

Intent对Android的核心和灵魂，是各组件之间的桥梁。四大组件分别为Activity 、Service、BroadcastReceiver、ContentProvider。
而这四种组件是独立的，它们之间可以互相调用，协调工作，最终组成一个真正的Android应用。

Intent的中文意思为“意图”，在Android中可以理解为想要做什么，What do want to do? 所以什么时候要用到Intent就很好理解了。

显示网页:Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com"); Intent it   = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri); startActivity(it); 显示地图:Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri); startActivity(it); 路径规划:Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI); startActivity(it); 拨打电话:调用拨号程序Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);   startActivity(it);   Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx"); Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri); 要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入 发送SMS/MMS调用发送短信的程序Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text"); it.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms"); startActivity(it);   发送短信Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri); it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text"); startActivity(it);   发送彩信Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text"); it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri); it.setType("image/png"); startActivity(it); 发送EmailUri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:xxx@abc.com"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri); startActivity(it); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com"); it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text"); it.setType("text/plain"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));   Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);     String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};     String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};     it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);     it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);     it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");     it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");     it.setType("message/rfc822");     startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 添加附件Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text"); it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3"); sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3"); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 播放多媒体Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3"); it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3"); startActivity(it); Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1"); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri); startActivity(it);   Uninstall 程序Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null); Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri); startActivity(it); Install　程序Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null); returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);

//搜索应用 Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");   Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);   startActivity(it);   //where pkg_name is the full package path for an application   //显示指定应用的详细页面（这个好像不支持了，找不到app_id） Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://details?id=app_id");   Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);   startActivity(it);   //where app_id is the application ID, find the ID   //by clicking on your application on Market home   //page, and notice the ID from the address bar

打开另一程序Intent i = new Intent();       ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.drip.android2",                       "com.drip.android2.AndroidSearch");             i.setComponent(cn);             i.setAction("android.intent.action.MAIN");             startActivityForResult(i, RESULT_OK);  打开联系人列表<1>                  Intent i = new Intent();        i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);        i.setType("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone");        startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_TEXT);         <2>       Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://contacts/people");       Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, uri);       startActivityForResult(it, REQUEST_TEXT);    打开录音机Intent mi = new Intent(Media.RECORD_SOUND_ACTION);             startActivity(mi);    从gallery选取图片   Inten t i = new Intent();    i.setType("image/*");           i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);           startActivityForResult(i, 11);   打开照相机<1>Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CAMERA_BUTTON, null);              this.sendBroadcast(i);        <2>long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();             String name = createName(dateTaken) + ".jpg";             fileName = folder + name;             ContentValues values = new ContentValues();             values.put(Images.Media.TITLE, fileName);             values.put("_data", fileName);             values.put(Images.Media.PICASA_ID, fileName);             values.put(Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);             values.put(Images.Media.DESCRIPTION, fileName);             values.put(Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);             Uri photoUri = getContentResolver().insert(                       MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);                           Intent inttPhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);             inttPhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);             startActivityForResult(inttPhoto, 10);    播放多媒体Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);    Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");    it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");    startActivity(it);    或者   Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");      Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);      startActivity(it);        或者   Uri playUri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3");   returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);   发送EmailUri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:xxx@abc.com");Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);startActivity(it); 或者:Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, address);intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, filename);intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse("file://" + filename)); ;intent.setType("text/csv");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "EMail File")); 或者:Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "me@abc.com");it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");it.setType("text/plain");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 或者:Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);String[] tos={"me@abc.com"};String[] ccs={"you@abc.com"};it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");it.setType("message/rfc822");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 或者:Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3");sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client")); 后台发送短信注册权限代码实现 :// 获取信息内容String message ;// 移动运营商允许每次发送的字节数据有限，我们可以使用Android给我们提供 的短信工具。if (message != null) {SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();// 如果短信没有超过限制长度，则返回一个长度的List。List texts = sms.divideMessage(message);for (String text : texts) {sms.sendTextMessage(“这里是接收者电话号码”,  “这里是发送者电话号码”,  “这里是短信内容”,  null, null);}}//说明sms.sendTextMessage(destinationAddress, scAddress, text, sentIntent, deliveryIntent)：destinationAddress:接收方的手机号码scAddress:发送方的手机号码text:信息内容sentIntent:发送是否成功的回执，DeliveryIntent:接收是否成功的回执， 从google搜索内容Intent intent = new Intent();    intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);    intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY,"searchString")    startActivity(intent);

APK 安装Intent intent =new Intenet();String filepath="/SDCard/XXX.apk";

intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + filepath),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");starActivity(intent);

Activity之间的传递

Intent intent=new Intent();intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);startActivity(intent);

带参数

详见下一篇文章两个Activity的数据传递。

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