AIDL的实例，看一看结构

Android支持两种类型的服务：本地服务与远程服务。本地服务只能供承载它的应用程序使用，而远程服务还可以供其它应用程序使用。在Android中，远程服务可以使用AIDL(Android Interface Definition Language)向客户端定义自身。即Android中IPC机制实现的一种方式，下面看看Android studio中使用aidl的方式。

这个是同一个项目中通过更改清单文件让service跟此项目处于不同的进程。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="yinwei.com.aidlservice" >    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >        <activity            android:name=".MainActivity"            android:label="@string/app_name" >            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <!--android:process=":remote"处于不同的进程-->        <service            android:name=".BookMangerService"            android:process=":remote"            >            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="com.yinwei.bookMangerService"/>            </intent-filter>        </service>    </application></manifest>

首先是book类：

public class Book implements Parcelable {    private String name;    private String author;    public Book(String name, String author) {        this.name = name;        this.author = author;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getAuthor() {        return author;    }    public void setAuthor(String author) {        this.author = author;    }    public Book() {    }    @Override    public int describeContents() {        return 0;    }    @Override    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {        dest.writeString(this.name);        dest.writeString(this.author);    }    protected Book(Parcel in) {        this.name = in.readString();        this.author = in.readString();    }    public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {            return new Book(source);        }        public Book[] newArray(int size) {            return new Book[size];        }    };}

其次是三个aidl文件

// Book.aidlpackage yinwei.com.aidlservice;// 用到的类声明为parcelableparcelable Book;

// onNewBookAdd.aidlpackage yinwei.com.aidlservice;// Declare any non-default types here with import statementsimport yinwei.com.aidlservice.Book;interface onNewBookAddListener {  void onNewBookAdd(in Book book);}

// BookManger.aidlpackage yinwei.com.aidlservice;// Declare any non-default types here with import statementsimport yinwei.com.aidlservice.Book;import yinwei.com.aidlservice.onNewBookAddListener;interface BookManger { List<Book> getBookList(); void addBook(in Book book);void registerListener(onNewBookAddListener listener);void unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener listener);}

然后搞定我们的service

public class BookMangerService extends Service {    //java并发集合    private CopyOnWriteArrayList<Book> bookList=new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();    //进程操作专用集合    private RemoteCallbackList<onNewBookAddListener> remoteCallbackList=new RemoteCallbackList<>();    //原子操作    private AtomicBoolean mIsDeid=new AtomicBoolean(false);    @Override    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {        // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.        return iBinder;    }    private final IBinder iBinder=new BookManger.Stub(){        @Override        public IBinder asBinder() {            return super.asBinder();        }        @Override        public void addBook(Book book) throws RemoteException {            Log.d("book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());            onNewBookAdd(book);        }        @Override        public List<Book> getBookList() throws RemoteException {            return bookList;        }        @Override        public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags) throws RemoteException {            return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);        }        @Override        public void unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener listener) throws RemoteException {            remoteCallbackList.unregister(listener);        }        @Override        public void registerListener(onNewBookAddListener listener) throws RemoteException {            remoteCallbackList.register(listener);        }    };    private void onNewBookAdd(Book book){        bookList.add(book);        int n=remoteCallbackList.beginBroadcast();        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){            onNewBookAddListener listener=remoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i);            if(listener!=null){                try {                    listener.onNewBookAdd(book);                } catch (RemoteException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }        remoteCallbackList.finishBroadcast();    }    @Override    public void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        mIsDeid.set(true);    }}

其次是客户端

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {    BookManger bookManger;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        //android5.0之后不能使用隐式调用，下面是谷歌推荐的方式        Intent intent=new Intent();        intent.setAction("com.yinwei.bookMangerService");        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());        bindService(intent, serviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);    }    @Override    public void binderDied() {    }    ServiceConnection serviceConnection=new ServiceConnection() {        @Override        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {            bookManger=BookManger.Stub.asInterface(service);            try {                service.linkToDeath(MainActivity.this,IBinder.DUMP_TRANSACTION);//绑定binder死亡监听                bookManger.addBook(new Book("Android","yinwei"));                bookManger.registerListener(onNewBookAddListener);            } catch (RemoteException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        @Override        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {            bookManger=null;        }    };    private onNewBookAddListener onNewBookAddListener=new onNewBookAddListener.Stub(){        @Override        public void onNewBookAdd(Book book) throws RemoteException {            Log.d("新书book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());        }    };    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        try {            if(bookManger!=null) {                bookManger.unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener);                bookManger.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(this,IBinder.DUMP_TRANSACTION);            }        } catch (RemoteException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

同一个项目中aidl的结构比较好处理，我们看看不同项目的

首先我们直接复制过来aidl所属的文件夹，其次是处理book，需要放到相同的包下。

然后绑定我们的远程service

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    BookManger bookManger;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        Intent intent=new Intent();        intent.setAction("com.yinwei.bookMangerService");        intent.setPackage("yinwei.com.aidlservice");        bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);    }    ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {        @Override        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {           bookManger=BookManger.Stub.asInterface(service);            try {                bookManger.addBook(new Book("九星天辰诀","蜗牛"));                bookManger.registerListener(onNewBookAddListener);            } catch (RemoteException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        @Override        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {            bookManger=null;        }    };    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        unbindService(connection);        try {            if(bookManger!=null) {                bookManger.unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener);            }        } catch (RemoteException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    private yinwei.com.aidlservice.onNewBookAddListener onNewBookAddListener=new onNewBookAddListener.Stub(){        @Override        public void onNewBookAdd(Book book) throws RemoteException {            Log.d("新书book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());        }    };}

附上示例下载地址： aidl代码

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