Android(安卓)调用摄像头功能【拍照与视频】

应用场景：

在Android开发过程中，有时需要调用手机自身设备的功能，上篇文章主要侧重摄像头拍照功能的调用。本篇文章将综合实现拍照与视频的操作。

知识点介绍：

该部分请阅读【Android 调用摄像头功能】

使用方式：

第一步：

新建一个Android项目CameraPhotoVedio,包含两个Activity: MainActivity、CameraActivity。

第二步：
【activity_main.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:background="@drawable/shape_main"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:orientation="vertical">        <ImageView android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_gravity="center"            android:src="@drawable/main"/>    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"        android:orientation="vertical">        <Button            android:id="@+id/main_button"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"            android:background="@drawable/shape_main"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"            android:text="使用摄像头"/>    </LinearLayout></RelativeLayout>

【MainActivity.java】

import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Intent;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button button; //调用摄像头按钮@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);initViews();}private void initViews() {button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.main_button);button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {startActivity(new Intent(getApplicationContext(), CameraActivity.class));}});}}

【activity_camera.xml】

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:background="#FFFFFF"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    tools:context=".CameraActivity" >    <SurfaceView         android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:id="@+id/camera_surfaceview"/><TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_width="wrap_content"    android:text="计时区域"    android:id="@+id/camera_time"/><LinearLayout android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"    android:orientation="horizontal">    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"        android:layout_weight="1"        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"        android:id="@+id/camera_photo"        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"        android:text="照片摄取"/>    <Button android:layout_height="30dp"        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_weight="1"        android:background="@drawable/shape_main"        android:id="@+id/camera_vedio"        android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"        android:textColor="#FFFFFF"        android:layout_marginRight="5dp"        android:text="视频摄取"/></LinearLayout></RelativeLayout>

【CameraActivity.java】

import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Date;import com.example.cameraphotovideo.utils.FormatUtil;import android.graphics.ImageFormat;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;import android.media.MediaRecorder;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Environment;import android.os.Handler;import android.app.Activity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback;import android.view.SurfaceView;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;public class CameraActivity extends Activity {private String tag ="MaHaochen_______CameraActivity";private SurfaceView surfaceView;private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;private Camera camera;private MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;private Button photoButton;  //拍照按钮private Button vedioButton;  //摄像按钮 private TextView timeTextView;protected boolean isPreview = false; //摄像区域是否准备良好private boolean isRecording = true; // true表示没有录像，点击开始；false表示正在录像，点击暂停private boolean bool;private int hour = 0;private int minute = 0;     //计时专用private int second = 0;private File mRecVedioPath;private File mRecAudioFile;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);initCamera();initViews();}//初始化摄像头private void initCamera() {mRecVedioPath = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/video/temp/");if (!mRecVedioPath.exists()) {mRecVedioPath.mkdirs();}surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.camera_surfaceview);SurfaceHolder cameraSurfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder();cameraSurfaceHolder.addCallback(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {try {camera = Camera.open();//设置Camera的角度/方向camera.setDisplayOrientation(90);Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量camera.setParameters(parameters);camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);isPreview = true;camera.startPreview();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}surfaceHolder = holder;}@Overridepublic void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,int height) {surfaceHolder = holder;}@Overridepublic void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {if (camera != null) {if (isPreview) {camera.stopPreview();isPreview = false;}camera.release();camera = null; // 记得释放Camera}surfaceView = null;surfaceHolder = null;mediaRecorder = null;}});//开发时建议设置//This method was deprecated in API level 11. this is ignored, this value is set automatically when needed. cameraSurfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);}//初始化视图组件private void initViews() {timeTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.camera_time);timeTextView.setVisibility(View.GONE);photoButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_photo);vedioButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.camera_vedio);ButtonOnClickListener onClickListener = new ButtonOnClickListener();photoButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);vedioButton.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);}class ButtonOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.camera_vedio://点击开始录像if(isRecording){if (isPreview) {camera.stopPreview();camera.release();camera = null;}second = 0;minute = 0;hour = 0;bool = true;if(null==mediaRecorder){mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();}else {mediaRecorder.reset();}//表面设置显示记录媒体（视频）的预览mediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder.getSurface());//开始捕捉和编码数据到setOutputFile（指定的文件）mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);//设置用于录制的音源mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);//设置在录制过程中产生的输出文件的格式mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);//设置视频编码器，用于录制mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);//设置audio的编码格式mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);//设置要捕获的视频的宽度和高度mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(320, 240);// 设置要捕获的视频帧速率mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(15);try {mRecAudioFile = File.createTempFile("Vedio", ".3gp",mRecVedioPath);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mRecAudioFile.getAbsolutePath());try {mediaRecorder.prepare();timeTextView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);handler.postDelayed(task, 1000);mediaRecorder.start();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}isRecording = !isRecording;Log.e(tag, "=====开始录制视频=====");}else {//点击停止录像bool = false;mediaRecorder.stop();timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour)+":"+FormatUtil.format(minute)+":"+ FormatUtil.format(second));mediaRecorder.release();mediaRecorder = null;FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);Log.e(tag, "=====录制完成，已保存=====");isRecording = !isRecording;try {camera = Camera.open();Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();//parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量camera.setParameters(parameters);camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);camera.startPreview();isPreview = true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}break;case R.id.camera_photo:if (mediaRecorder != null) {try {bool = false;mediaRecorder.stop();timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"+ FormatUtil.format(second));mediaRecorder.release();mediaRecorder = null;FormatUtil.videoRename(mRecAudioFile);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}isRecording = !isRecording;Log.e(tag, "=====录制完成，已保存=====");try {camera = Camera.open();Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();//parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); // 每秒5帧parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);// 设置照片的输出格式parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);// 照片质量camera.setParameters(parameters);camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);camera.startPreview();isPreview = true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}if (camera != null) {camera.autoFocus(null);camera.takePicture(null, null, new PictureCallback() {@Overridepublic void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {new SavePictureTask().execute(data);camera.startPreview();Log.e(tag,"=====拍照成功=====");}}); // 拍照}break;default:break;}}}/* * 定时器设置，实现计时 */private Handler handler = new Handler();private Runnable task = new Runnable() {public void run() {if (bool) {handler.postDelayed(this, 1000);second++;if (second >= 60) {minute++;second = second % 60;}if (minute >= 60) {hour++;minute = minute % 60;}timeTextView.setText(FormatUtil.format(hour) + ":" + FormatUtil.format(minute) + ":"+ FormatUtil.format(second));}}};class SavePictureTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String> {@Overrideprotected String doInBackground(byte[]... params) {String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/mahc/image";File out = new File(path);if (!out.exists()) {out.mkdirs();}File picture = new File(path+"/"+new Date().getTime()+".jpg");try {FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture.getPath());fos.write(params[0]);fos.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}Log.e(tag, "=====照片保存完成=====");CameraActivity.this.finish();return null;}}}

第三步：该项目需要一个工具类FormatUtil.java

import java.io.File;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import android.os.Environment;public class FormatUtil {/** * 将缓存文件夹的数据转存到vedio文件下 * @param recAudioFile */public static void videoRename(File recAudioFile) {String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ "/mahc/video/"+ "0" + "/";String fileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date()) + ".3gp";File out = new File(path);if (!out.exists()) {out.mkdirs();}out = new File(path, fileName);if (recAudioFile.exists())recAudioFile.renameTo(out);}/** * 用以计时操作的相关方法 * @param num * @return */public static String format(int num){String s = num + "";if (s.length() == 1) {s = "0" + s;}return s;}}

第四步：本项目需要处理界面的背景样式和按钮的背景，所以需要在res/drawable文件新建shape_main.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">    <gradient        android:startColor="#FFCC99"        android:endColor="#99CC66"        android:centerColor="#0066CC"        android:angle="45" /></shape>

应用场景：

知识点介绍：

使用方式：

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