android设备与蓝牙模块之间交互（蓝牙命令，收发）的两种方式，附DEMO下载地址
16lz
2021-01-24
该文章主要用于android设备与蓝牙模块间的操作和通讯。
直接拿到Demo的工具类，并放到自己的项目中去引用。
这是Demo下载地址
1.主要包括界面
2.AndroidManifest.xml需要用到的权限
3.主要的蓝牙工具类：
package com.example.bluetooth;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.UUID;import com.example.main.MainActivity;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.util.Log;/** * 蓝牙服务类，包括蓝牙连接监听线程、连接线程、已连接线程 * @author Administrator * */public class BluetoothService { private static final String TAG = "Service"; private static final boolean DEBUG = true; // 蓝牙端口名 private static final String BT_NAME = "XULANG"; // 获取设备UUID private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; private final Handler mHandler; private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; private ConnectThread mConnectThread; private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread; private int BtState; //蓝牙状态常量 public static final int IDLE = 0; // 闲置 public static final int LISTENING = 1; // 监听 public static final int CONNECTING = 2; // 正在连接 public static final int CONNECTED = 3; // 已连接 public static boolean allowRec=true; /** * @param handler 在线程与UI间通讯 */ public BluetoothService(Handler handler) { mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); BtState = IDLE; mHandler = handler; } /** * 设置当前蓝牙状态 * @param state 当前蓝牙状态 */ private synchronized void setState(int state) { BtState = state; } /** * 获取当前蓝牙状态 * @return 当前蓝牙状态 */ public synchronized int getState() { return BtState; } /** * 启动本地蓝牙接收监听 */ public synchronized void acceptWait() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "进入acceptWait"); // 开启外主蓝牙接收监听线程 if (mAcceptThread == null&&mConnectedThread==null) { mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } setState(LISTENING); } /** * 开启连接线程方法 * @param device 欲连接的设备 */ public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "正在连接" + device); //关闭所有可能的蓝牙服务线程以便开启连接线程 cancelAllBtThread(); // 开启连接线程 mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device); mConnectThread.start(); setState(CONNECTING); } /** * 开启已连接线程的方法 * @param socket 已建立连接的蓝牙端口 * @param device 已连接的蓝牙设备 */ public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "connected"); //关闭所有可能的蓝牙服务线程以便开启已连接线程 cancelAllBtThread(); // 开启已连接线程 mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mConnectedThread.start(); //发送已连接设备名回UI sendString2UI(MainActivity.CONNECTED_DEVICE_NAME, MainActivity.DEVICE_NAME,device.getName()); setState(CONNECTED); } /** * 关闭所有蓝牙服务线程 */ public synchronized void cancelAllBtThread() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancelAllBtThread方法"); if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} setState(IDLE); } /** * 写输出数据 * @param out 输出字节流 * @see ConnectedThread#write(byte[]) */ public void write(byte[] out) { // object ConnectedThread r; // 同步 synchronized (this) { if (BtState != CONNECTED) return; r = mConnectedThread; } r.write(out); } /** * 连接失败处理方法 */ private void connectionFailed() { setState(LISTENING); mConnectedThread=null; BluetoothService.this.acceptWait(); //向UI发送连接失败通知 sendString2UI(MainActivity.BT_TOAST,MainActivity.TOAST,"连接失败"); } /** * 发送字符串会UI * @param what 什么类型 * @param key 关键字 * @param str 字符串 */ private void sendString2UI(int what,String key,String str){ Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(what); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(key, str); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); } /** * 连接断开处理方法 */ private void connectionBreak() { setState(LISTENING); mConnectedThread=null; BluetoothService.this.acceptWait(); // 向UI发送连接断开通知 sendString2UI(MainActivity.BT_TOAST,MainActivity.TOAST,"连接断开"); } /** * 监听外部主蓝牙设备线程 */ private class AcceptThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothServerSocket mBtServSocket; public AcceptThread() { BluetoothServerSocket bss = null; // 获取蓝牙监听端口 try { bss = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(BT_NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e); } mBtServSocket = bss; } public void run() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "Begin mAcceptThread"); setName("AcceptThread"); BluetoothSocket socket = null; // 监听端口直到连接上 while (BtState != CONNECTED) { try { //成功连接时退出循环 socket = mBtServSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e); break; } // 成功接收主设备 if (socket != null) { synchronized (BluetoothService.this) { switch (BtState) { case LISTENING: case CONNECTING: // 启动已连接线程 connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice()); break; case IDLE: case CONNECTED: try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e); } break; } } } } if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "End mAcceptThread"); } public void cancel() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mBtServSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e); } } } /** * 连接蓝牙设备的线程 */ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mBtSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mBtDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mBtDevice = device; BluetoothSocket bs = null; // 根据UUID获取欲连接设备 try { bs = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e); } mBtSocket = bs; } public void run() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "Begin mConnectThread"); setName("ConnectThread"); // 尝试连接蓝牙端口 try { mBtSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { // 当连接失败或异常 connectionFailed(); try { mBtSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e2); } // 重新开启连接监听线程并退出连接线程 BluetoothService.this.acceptWait(); if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "End mConnectThread"); return; } synchronized (BluetoothService.this) { mConnectThread = null; } // 启动已连接线程 connected(mBtSocket, mBtDevice); if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "End mConnectThread"); } public void cancel() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mBtSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e); } } } /** * 已连接的相关处理线程 */ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mBtSocket; private final InputStream mInputStream; private final OutputStream mOutputStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "construct ConnectedThread"); mBtSocket = socket; InputStream is = null; OutputStream os = null; // 获取输入输出流 try { is = socket.getInputStream(); os = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.i(TAG, "get Stream fail", e); } mInputStream = is; mOutputStream = os; } public void run() { if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "Begin mConnectedThread"); byte[] buffer=new byte[1024]; int bytes; // 监听输入流以备获取数据 while (true) { try { bytes = mInputStream.read(buffer); // 将接受数据发回UI处理 if(bytes!=-1&&allowRec){ mHandler.obtainMessage(MainActivity.REC_DATA,bytes,-1,buffer).sendToTarget(); } } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "connection break", e); connectionBreak(); break; } try { //线程睡眠20ms以避免过于频繁工作 50ms->20ms 2017.12.2 //导致UI处理发回的数据不及时而阻塞Thread.sleep(20);} catch (InterruptedException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} } if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "End mConnectedThread"); } /** * 写输出流以发送数据 * @param buffer 欲输出字节流 */ public void write(byte[] buffer) { try { mOutputStream.write(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e); } } public void cancel() { if (DEBUG) Log.e(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mBtSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() fail", e); } } }}
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