Android(安卓)3D opengl 立方体多纹理

最近学习 opengl,看了一些简单的教程。发现一般都是到实现金字塔或者立方体就结束了。

纹理方面，对三维物体的多个面未做处理。参看了这些例子，做一个android 上的多纹理的立方体。

效果图：

以下是主要代码：

Activity负责初始化相关资源文件。重写了onTouchEvent（）方法，实现鼠标翻转，方便观察。

public class Cube extends Activity {    GLRender render = new GLRender();    private float mPreviousX;    private float mPreviousY;    private final float TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR = 180.0f / 320;    private final float TRACKBALL_SCALE_FACTOR = 36.0f;    /** Called when the activity is first created. */    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);GLImage.load(this.getResources());GLSurfaceView glView = new GLSurfaceView(this);glView.setRenderer(render);setContentView(glView);    }    public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event){render.onKeyUp(keyCode, event);return false;} public boolean onTrackballEvent(MotionEvent e) { render.xrot += e.getX() * TRACKBALL_SCALE_FACTOR; render.yrot += e.getY() * TRACKBALL_SCALE_FACTOR;        return true;    } public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e) {        float x = e.getX();        float y = e.getY();        switch (e.getAction()) {        case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:            float dx = x - mPreviousX;            float dy = y - mPreviousY;            render.xrot += dx * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;            render.yrot += dy * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;        }        mPreviousX = x;        mPreviousY = y;        return true;    }}class GLImage{public static Bitmap mBitmap1;public static Bitmap mBitmap2;public static Bitmap mBitmap3;public static Bitmap mBitmap4;public static Bitmap mBitmap5;public static Bitmap mBitmap6;public static void load(Resources resources){mBitmap1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon1);mBitmap2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon2);mBitmap3 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon3);mBitmap4 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon4);mBitmap5 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon5);mBitmap6 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, R.drawable.icon6);}}

Render负责opengl实体的初始化以及配置、画出等，相关光源，观察模型方面没有深入。

public class GLRender implements Renderer{boolean key = true;float xrot = 0.0f;float yrot = 0.0f;float xspeed, yspeed;float z = -5.0f;int one = 0x10000;//光线参数FloatBuffer lightAmbient = FloatBuffer.wrap(new float[]{0.5f,0.5f,0.5f,1.0f}); FloatBuffer lightDiffuse = FloatBuffer.wrap(new float[]{1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f}); FloatBuffer lightPosition = FloatBuffer.wrap(new float[]{0.0f,0.0f,2.0f,1.0f}); int [] texture;IntBuffer vertices = IntBuffer.wrap(new int[]{-one,-one,one,one,-one,one,one,one,one,-one,one,one,-one,-one,-one,-one,one,-one,one,one,-one,one,-one,-one,-one,one,-one,-one,one,one,one,one,one,one,one,-one,-one,-one,-one,one,-one,-one,one,-one,one,-one,-one,one,one,-one,-one,one,one,-one,one,one,one,one,-one,one,-one,-one,-one,-one,-one,one,-one,one,one,-one,one,-one,});IntBuffer normals = IntBuffer.wrap(new int[]{0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,0,-one,0,0,});IntBuffer texCoords = IntBuffer.wrap(new int[]{one,0,0,0,0,one,one,one,0,0,0,one,one,one,one,0,one,one,one,0,0,0,0,one,0,one,one,one,one,0,0,0,0,0,0,one,one,one,one,0,one,0,0,0,0,one,one,one,});ByteBuffer indices1 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,1,3,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,});ByteBuffer indices2 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,0,0,0,4,5,7,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,});ByteBuffer indices3 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,9,11,10,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,});ByteBuffer indices4 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,12,13,15,14,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,});ByteBuffer indices5 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,16,17,19,18,0,0,0,0,});ByteBuffer indices6 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[]{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,20,21,23,22,});@Overridepublic void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){// 清除屏幕和深度缓存gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);// 重置当前的模型观察矩阵gl.glLoadIdentity();gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LIGHTING);////////////////gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, z);//设置旋转gl.glRotatef(xrot, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);gl.glRotatef(yrot, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);gl.glNormalPointer(GL10.GL_FIXED, 0, normals);gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FIXED, 0, vertices);gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FIXED, 0, texCoords);gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);//绘制四边形gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 4,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices1);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 8,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices2);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[2]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 12,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices3);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[3]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 16,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices4);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[4]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 20,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices5);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[5]);gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 24,  GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices6);    gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);    gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);    gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);    //修改旋转角度//    xrot+=0.3f; //    yrot+=0.2f;        //混合开关    if (key){    gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);// 打开混合    gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);// 关闭深度测试}    else     {    gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_BLEND);// 关闭混合    gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);// 打开深度测试}}@Overridepublic void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height){float ratio = (float) width / height;//设置OpenGL场景的大小gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);//设置投影矩阵gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);//重置投影矩阵gl.glLoadIdentity();// 设置视口的大小gl.glFrustumf(-ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 1, 10);// 选择模型观察矩阵gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);// 重置模型观察矩阵gl.glLoadIdentity();}@Overridepublic void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config){gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);// 告诉系统对透视进行修正gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_FASTEST);// 黑色背景gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);// 启用阴影平滑gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);// 启用深度测试gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);//设置光线,,1.0f为全光线，a=50%gl.glColor4f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,0.5f);// 基于源象素alpha通道值的半透明混合函数gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL10.GL_ONE);//纹理相关IntBuffer textureBuffer = IntBuffer.allocate(6);gl.glGenTextures(6, textureBuffer);texture = textureBuffer.array();gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap1, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap2, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST);gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[2]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap3, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[3]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap4, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[4]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap5, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[5]);GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GLImage.mBitmap6, 0);gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterx(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL10.GL_NEAREST); //深度测试相关gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);//设置环境光    gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT1, GL10.GL_AMBIENT, lightAmbient);    //设置漫射光    gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT1, GL10.GL_DIFFUSE, lightDiffuse);    //设置光源位置    gl.glLightfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT1, GL10.GL_POSITION, lightPosition);        //开启一号光源    gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LIGHT1);        //开启混合    gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);}public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event){key = !key;return false;}}

最后，说说最主要的部分：onSurfaceCreated（）方法中的纹理初始化。onDrawFrame（）方法中绘制每个四边形的时候用不同的纹理填充。

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