Android中的Http请求

程序的核心可以说是分为算法和数据结构两部分，说到底就是使用一定的方法（算法）处理数据（数据结构），算法是一种能力，需要不断的学习积累，而数据则需要获取，在移动设备上，不可能存储大量数据，所以就需要从服务器获取数据，和服务器进行数据交互，也就要用到Http请求。

Android4.0后所有网络方面的操作都不能在主线程执行 ! ! !

Android目前提供两种Http通信方式：HttpClient (org.appache.http) 和 HttpURLConnection (java.net)

HttpClient : 是Android SDK集成自Apache中，比较完善，全面支持Http协议，；（常用）
HttpURLConnection : 多用于发送和接收数据流形式的数据，传输数据量大，适合上传/下载文件；（用于简单的基于URL的请求、响应功能）

请求方式又分为： HttpGet 请求和 HttpPost 请求

get方式：将参数连接在URL后面，各个参数之间用&连接；
post方式：使用根URL，将参数信息放在请求实体中发送；

HttpURLConnection实例

参考链接：http://blog.csdn.net/yanzi1225627/article/details/22222735

private String getURLResponse(String urlString){          HttpURLConnection conn = null; //连接对象         InputStream is = null;          String resultData = "";          try {              URL url = new URL(urlString); //URL对象             conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); //使用URL打开一个链接             conn.setDoInput(true); //允许输入流，即允许下载             conn.setDoOutput(true); //允许输出流，即允许上传             conn.setUseCaches(false); //不使用缓冲             conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //使用get请求             is = conn.getInputStream();   //获取输入流，真正建立链接             InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);              BufferedReader bufferReader = new BufferedReader(isr);              String inputLine  = "";              while((inputLine = bufferReader.readLine()) != null){                  resultData += inputLine + "\n";              }          } catch (MalformedURLException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }catch (IOException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }finally{              if(is != null){                  try {                      is.close();                  } catch (IOException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  }              }              if(conn != null){                  conn.disconnect();              }          }          return resultData;      }

HttpClient (Get) 实例

链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/p/3142442.html

// 使用GET方法发送请求,需要把参数加在URL后面，用？连接，参数之间用&分隔String url = baseURL + "?username=" + name + "&age=" + age;HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);// 生成请求对象HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();try{    // 发送请求    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);//显示响应    showResponseResult(response);// 一个私有方法，将响应结果显示出来}catch (Exception e){     e.printStackTrace(); }

HttpClient (Post) 实例

链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/p/3142442.html

try{   HttpEntity requestHttpEntity =    new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList);   // URL使用基本URL即可，其中不需要加参数   HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(baseURL);   // 将请求体内容加入请求中   httpPost.setEntity(requestHttpEntity);   // 需要客户端对象来发送请求   HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();   // 发送请求   HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);   // 显示响应   showResponseResult(response);   }catch (Exception e){        e.printStackTrace();    }

HttpClient (Post) 封装类

链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/hrlnw/p/4118480.html

/** * * 用于封装&简化http通信 * */public class PostRequest implements Runnable {    private static final int NO_SERVER_ERROR=1000;    //服务器地址    public static final String URL = "fill your own url";    //一些请求类型    public final static String ADD = "/add";    public final static String UPDATE = "/update";    public final static String PING = "/ping";    //一些参数    private static int connectionTimeout = 60000;    private static int socketTimeout = 60000;    //类静态变量    private static HttpClient httpClient=new DefaultHttpClient();    private static ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();    private static Handler handler = new Handler();    //变量    private String strResult;    private HttpPost httpPost;    private HttpResponse httpResponse;    private OnReceiveDataListener onReceiveDataListener;    private int statusCode;    /** * 构造函数，初始化一些可以重复使用的变量 */    public PostRequest() {        strResult = null;        httpResponse = null;        httpPost = new HttpPost();    }    /** * 注册接收数据监听器 * @param listener */    public void setOnReceiveDataListener(OnReceiveDataListener listener) {        onReceiveDataListener = listener;    }    /** * 根据不同的请求类型来初始化httppost * * @param requestType * 请求类型 * @param nameValuePairs * 需要传递的参数 */    public void iniRequest(String requestType, JSONObject jsonObject) {        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/json");        httpPost.addHeader("charset", "UTF-8");        httpPost.addHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");        HttpParams httpParameters = httpPost.getParams();        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters,                connectionTimeout);        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, socketTimeout);        httpPost.setParams(httpParameters);        try {            httpPost.setURI(new URI(URL + requestType));            httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),                    HTTP.UTF_8));        } catch (URISyntaxException e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    /** * 新开一个线程发送http请求 */    public void execute() {        executorService.execute(this);    }    /** * 检测网络状况 * * @return true is available else false */    public static boolean checkNetState(Activity activity) {        ConnectivityManager connManager = (ConnectivityManager) activity                .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);        if (connManager.getActiveNetworkInfo() != null) {            return connManager.getActiveNetworkInfo().isAvailable();        }        return false;    }    /** * 发送http请求的具体执行代码 */    @Override    public void run() {        httpResponse = null;        try {            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);            strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());        } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) {            strResult = null;            e1.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e1) {            strResult = null;            e1.printStackTrace();        } finally {            if (httpResponse != null) {                statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();            }            else            {                statusCode=NO_SERVER_ERROR;            }            if(onReceiveDataListener!=null)            {                //将注册的监听器的onReceiveData方法加入到消息队列中去执行                handler.post(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run() {                        onReceiveDataListener.onReceiveData(strResult, statusCode);                    }                });            }        }    }    /** * 用于接收并处理http请求结果的监听器 * */    public interface OnReceiveDataListener {        /** * the callback function for receiving the result data * from post request, and further processing will be done here * @param strResult the result in string style. * @param StatusCode the status of the post */        public abstract void onReceiveData(String strResult,int StatusCode);    }}

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