Android 网络请求框架 Retrofit2.0实践使用总结
16lz
2021-01-23
比较AsyncHttpClient 、Volley、Retrofit三者的请求时间
| 使用 | 单次请求 | 7个请求 | 25个请求 |
|---|---|---|---|
| AsyncHttpClient | 941ms | 4539ms | 13957ms |
| Volley | 560ms | 2202ms | 4275ms |
| Retrofit2.0 | 312ms | 889ms | 1059ms |
Retrofit2.0 完胜
使用
添加依赖
build.gradle
compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.0-beta4’
请求范例
以淘宝的ip库请求为例
- 地址：http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php
- 请求参数：ip
- 请求方法: get
声明接口
public interface ApiControl { //@Query注解的作用理解为查询条件，这里表示需要查询的字段为ip //ResponseBody是Retrofit自带的返回类， @GET("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php") Call getIpInfo(@Query("ip") String ip);} 调用接口
//创建Retrofit实例Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() //当我们的@GET()里有url时，这个baseUrl无效。但是这个必须要填，不然会报错，神奇。 .baseUrl("http://www.taobao.com.cn/") .build();ApiControl apiStores = retrofit.create(ApiControl.class);Call call = apiStores.getIpInfo("220.160.193.209");//在主线程里，异步调用。call.enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onResponse(Response response) { try { Log.i("onResponse", "response=" + response.body().string()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onFailure(Throwable t) { Log.i("onFailure", "onFailure=" + t.getMessage()); }}); 同步调用
try { Response response = call.execute();} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();} 进阶使用1：ConverterFactory转换工厂
可以帮我们将获取到的数据转换为JAVA BEAN
Retrofit支持以下转换
Gson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson
Jackson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-jackson
Moshi: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-moshi
Protobuf: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-protobuf
Wire: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-wire
Simple XML: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-simplexml
Scalars (primitives, boxed, and String): com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars
Retrofit这里以GsonConverterFactory的为例
添加依赖
compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta4’
定义java bean
/** * Created by xemenes on 25/03/16. */public class IpInfo { private int code; private DataBean data; public int getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(int code) { this.code = code; } public DataBean getData() { return data; } public void setData(DataBean data) { this.data = data; } public static class DataBean { private String country; private String country_id; private String area; private String area_id; private String region; private String region_id; private String city; private String city_id; private String county; private String county_id; private String isp; private String isp_id; private String ip; public String getCountry() { return country; } public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } public String getCountry_id() { return country_id; } public void setCountry_id(String country_id) { this.country_id = country_id; } public String getArea() { return area; } public void setArea(String area) { this.area = area; } public String getArea_id() { return area_id; } public void setArea_id(String area_id) { this.area_id = area_id; } public String getRegion() { return region; } public void setRegion(String region) { this.region = region; } public String getRegion_id() { return region_id; } public void setRegion_id(String region_id) { this.region_id = region_id; } public String getCity() { return city; } public void setCity(String city) { this.city = city; } public String getCity_id() { return city_id; } public void setCity_id(String city_id) { this.city_id = city_id; } public String getCounty() { return county; } public void setCounty(String county) { this.county = county; } public String getCounty_id() { return county_id; } public void setCounty_id(String county_id) { this.county_id = county_id; } public String getIsp() { return isp; } public void setIsp(String isp) { this.isp = isp; } public String getIsp_id() { return isp_id; } public void setIsp_id(String isp_id) { this.isp_id = isp_id; } public String getIp() { return ip; } public void setIp(String ip) { this.ip = ip; } }}接口方法声明
//GSON转换数据@GET("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php")Call getIpInfo2(@Query("ip") String ip); 调用接口
Call ipInfoCall = apiStores.getIpInfo2("220.160.193.207");ipInfoCall.enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onResponse(Response response) { Log.d("onResponse",response.body().getData().getCity()); } @Override public void onFailure(Throwable t) { Log.i("onFailure", "onFailure=" + t.getMessage()); }}); 进阶使用2: 常用接口范例声明
//这里url为请求地址//多参数，用map，注解用@QueryMap@GET("url")Call getInfo(@QueryMap Map params);//post的请求参数是放在请求体中的，就是body内(详见http请求),这是以json格式传递参数的@POST("url")@FormUrlEncodedCall doLogin(@Body User user);//post表单传递，map，就是我们一般用到的@POST("url")@FormUrlEncodedCall doLogin(@FieldMap Map params);//也是post表单传递，是以单个进行传递@FormUrlEncoded@POST("url")Call doLogin(@Field("username") String name, @Field("password") String password);//请求头更改@FormUrlEncoded@Headers({"Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.full+json", "User-Agent: Retrofit-Sample-App"})Call getUserInfo();//动态改变请求头@GET("/user")Call getUser(@Header("Authorization") String authorization); 其他资料
官方资料
Retrofit2.0 使用归纳和 JSONObject Conveter
Retrofit2 源码解析
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