Android快速实现发送邮件

前言

现在一般很少有用Android原生app发送邮件的需求，但是前段时间公司项目需要在Android app 内部发送邮件，于是就在网上收集资料并整理了一个Demo。虽然最后这个需求被减掉了，但是我这里还是把Demo的内容给大家分享一下。

第一步、导入第三方jar包

Android实现发送邮件，首先需要依赖additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar这3个jar包。Google提供了下载地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/downloads 。下载后添加到依赖（这里我就不详细说明了）。

第二步、创建相关类

1、创建MailInfo类，来代表一个即将被发送的邮件

package com.shidian.mail;import java.util.Properties;public class MailInfo {    private String mailServerHost;// 发送邮件的服务器的IP    private String mailServerPort;// 发送邮件的服务器的端口    private String fromAddress;// 邮件发送者的地址    private String toAddress;   // 邮件接收者的地址    private String userName;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名    private String password;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码    private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份验证    private String subject;// 邮件主题    private String content;// 邮件的文本内容    private String[] attachFileNames;// 邮件附件的文件名    /**     * 获得邮件会话属性     */    public Properties getProperties() {        Properties p = new Properties();        p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);        p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);        p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");        return p;    }    public String getMailServerHost() {        return mailServerHost;    }    public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {        this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;    }    public String getMailServerPort() {        return mailServerPort;    }    public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {        this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;    }    public boolean isValidate() {        return validate;    }    public void setValidate(boolean validate) {        this.validate = validate;    }    public String[] getAttachFileNames() {        return attachFileNames;    }    public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {        this.attachFileNames = fileNames;    }    public String getFromAddress() {        return fromAddress;    }    public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {        this.fromAddress = fromAddress;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public String getToAddress() {        return toAddress;    }    public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {        this.toAddress = toAddress;    }    public String getUserName() {        return userName;    }    public void setUserName(String userName) {        this.userName = userName;    }    public String getSubject() {        return subject;    }    public void setSubject(String subject) {        this.subject = subject;    }    public String getContent() {        return content;    }    public void setContent(String textContent) {        this.content = textContent;    }}

2、创建认证类MyAuthenticator

package com.shidian.mail;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {    String userName = null;    String password = null;    public MyAuthenticator() {    }    public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {        this.userName = username;        this.password = password;    }    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);    }}

3、创建邮件发送类MailSender

package com.shidian.mail;import android.util.Log;import java.io.File;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.Address;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.BodyPart;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.Multipart;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;/** * 发送器 */public class MailSender {    /**     * 以文本格式发送邮件     * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息     */    public boolean sendTextMail(final MailInfo mailInfo) {        // 判断是否需要身份认证        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {            // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());        }        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);//      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {//          @Override//          protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//              return new PasswordAuthentication(mailInfo.getUserName(),mailInfo.getPassword());//          }//      });        try {            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());            // 设置邮件消息的发送者            mailMessage.setFrom(from);            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);            // 设置邮件消息的主题            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());            // 设置邮件消息的主要内容            String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();            mailMessage.setText(mailContent);            // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);            return true;        } catch (MessagingException ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }        return false;    }    /**     * 以HTML格式发送邮件     * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件信息     */    public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {        // 判断是否需要身份认证        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();        // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());        }        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);        try {            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());            // 设置邮件消息的发送者            mailMessage.setFrom(from);            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());            // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);            // 设置邮件消息的主题            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());            // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象            Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();            // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart            BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();            // 设置HTML内容            html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");            mainPart.addBodyPart(html);            // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容            mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);            // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);            return true;        } catch (MessagingException ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }        return false;    }    /**     * 发送带附件的邮件     * @param info     * @return     */    public boolean sendFileMail(MailInfo info, File file){        Message attachmentMail = createAttachmentMail(info,file);        try {            Transport.send(attachmentMail);            return true;        } catch (MessagingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            return false;        }    }    /**     * 创建带有附件的邮件     * @return     */    private Message createAttachmentMail(final MailInfo info, File file) {        //创建邮件        MimeMessage message = null;        Properties pro = info.getProperties();        try {            Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {                @Override                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {                    return new PasswordAuthentication(info.getUserName(),info.getPassword());                }            });            message = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 设置邮件的基本信息            //创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(info.getFromAddress());            //设置邮件消息的发送者            message.setFrom(from);            //创建邮件的接受者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(info.getToAddress());            //设置邮件消息的接受者, Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);            //邮件标题            message.setSubject(info.getSubject());            // 创建邮件正文，为了避免邮件正文中文乱码问题，需要使用CharSet=UTF-8指明字符编码            MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();            text.setContent(info.getContent(), "text/html;charset=UTF-8");            // 创建容器描述数据关系            MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();            mp.addBodyPart(text);                // 创建邮件附件                MimeBodyPart attach = new MimeBodyPart();            FileDataSource ds = new FileDataSource(file);            DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);                attach.setDataHandler(dh);                attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dh.getName()));                mp.addBodyPart(attach);            mp.setSubType("mixed");            message.setContent(mp);            message.saveChanges();        } catch (Exception e) {            Log.e("TAG", "创建带附件的邮件失败");            e.printStackTrace();        }        // 返回生成的邮件        return message;    }}

第三步、发送邮件

这里举例发送文本邮件和带附件的邮件

package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;import android.os.Environment;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import com.shidian.mail.SendMailUtil;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private EditText editText;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.toAddEt);    }    public void senTextMail(View view) {        SendMailUtil.send(editText.getText().toString());    }    public void sendFileMail(View view) {        File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+File.separator+"test.txt");        OutputStream os = null;        try {            os = new FileOutputStream(file);            String str = "hello world";            byte[] data = str.getBytes();            os.write(data);        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }finally{            try {                if (os != null)os.close();            } catch (IOException e) {            }        }        SendMailUtil.send(file,editText.getText().toString());    }}

下面是发送邮件的SendMailUtil

package com.shidian.mail;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import java.io.File;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/4/10. */public class SendMailUtil {    //qq    private static final String HOST = "smtp.qq.com";    private static final String PORT = "587";    private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com"; //发送方邮箱    private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";//发送方邮箱授权码//    //163//    private static final String HOST = "smtp.163.com";//    private static final String PORT = "465"; //或者465  994//    private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@163.com";//    private static final String FROM_PSW = "teprinciple163";////    private static final String TO_ADD = "2584770373@qq.com";    public static void send(final File file,String toAdd){        final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);        final MailSender sms = new MailSender();        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                sms.sendFileMail(mailInfo,file);            }        }).start();    }    public static void send(String toAdd){        final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);        final MailSender sms = new MailSender();        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);            }        }).start();    }    @NonNull    private static MailInfo creatMail(String toAdd) {        final MailInfo mailInfo = new MailInfo();        mailInfo.setMailServerHost(HOST);        mailInfo.setMailServerPort(PORT);        mailInfo.setValidate(true);        mailInfo.setUserName(FROM_ADD); // 你的邮箱地址        mailInfo.setPassword(FROM_PSW);// 您的邮箱密码        mailInfo.setFromAddress(FROM_ADD); // 发送的邮箱        mailInfo.setToAddress(toAdd); // 发到哪个邮件去        mailInfo.setSubject("Hello"); // 邮件主题        mailInfo.setContent("Android 测试"); // 邮件文本        return mailInfo;    }}

特别注意：一定要打开邮箱POP3/IMAP/SMTP服务，不然认证会失败

Android快速实现发送邮件_第1张图片

需要把SendMailUtil 下的FROM_ADD，FROM_PSW配置成你自己的账号和授权码

  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com";    private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";

项目地址：https://github.com/teprinciple/SendMailDemo

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