Android 基于TCP/IP的Socket通信
16lz
2021-01-23
参考
1、Android网络编程 - TCP/IP协议实践
2、Android-TCP客户端的实现
3、Android之从TCP/IP、HTTP看Socket通信
4、Android Socket通信--TcpClient
5、WebSocket连接（含重连机制）
截图
1、Android 客户端
image.png 2、PC服务端：用的是SocketTool软件模拟
image.png 流程
1、连接socket的服务端（ip和port）：开启异步线程和socket
2、发送数据（OutputStream）：异步
3、接收数据（InputStream）：注意连接状态，异步读取
4、关闭连接：关闭socket和对应线程
注意
1、异常：android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException。 socket需要在线程中使用
2、前后端统一传输或者接收协议 [requestcode size d1 d2 d3 ... ]，在解析时候用得到
3、实施监控socket的连接状态，还是用心跳包发过去，然后返回数据，一段时间没有的话则代表socket连接失败。
代码
1、TcpClient.java：tcp-socket的客户端，略微做了通用封装，主要是连接，发送，接收，然后设置监听
/** * Created by wujn on 2019/2/15. * Version : v1.0 * Function: tcp client 长度无限制 */public class TcpClient { /** * single instance TcpClient * */ private static TcpClient mSocketClient = null; private TcpClient(){} public static TcpClient getInstance(){ if(mSocketClient == null){ synchronized (TcpClient.class) { mSocketClient = new TcpClient(); } } return mSocketClient; } String TAG_log = "Socket"; private Socket mSocket; private OutputStream mOutputStream; private InputStream mInputStream; private SocketThread mSocketThread; private boolean isStop = false;//thread flag /** * 128 - 数据按照最长接收，一次性 * */ private class SocketThread extends Thread { private String ip; private int port; public SocketThread(String ip, int port){ this.ip = ip; this.port = port; } @Override public void run() { Log.d(TAG_log,"SocketThread start "); super.run(); //connect ... try { if (mSocket != null) { mSocket.close(); mSocket = null; } InetAddress ipAddress = InetAddress.getByName(ip); mSocket = new Socket(ipAddress, port); //设置不延时发送 //mSocket.setTcpNoDelay(true); //设置输入输出缓冲流大小 //mSocket.setSendBufferSize(8*1024); //mSocket.setReceiveBufferSize(8*1024); if(isConnect()){ mOutputStream = mSocket.getOutputStream(); mInputStream = mSocket.getInputStream(); isStop = false; uiHandler.sendEmptyMessage(1); } /* 此处这样做没什么意义不大，真正的socket未连接还是靠心跳发送，等待服务端回应比较好，一段时间内未回应，则socket未连接成功 */ else{ uiHandler.sendEmptyMessage(-1); Log.e(TAG_log,"SocketThread connect fail"); return; } } catch (IOException e) { uiHandler.sendEmptyMessage(-1); Log.e(TAG_log,"SocketThread connect io exception = "+e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); return; } Log.d(TAG_log,"SocketThread connect over "); //read ... while (isConnect() && !isStop && !isInterrupted()) { int size; try { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; if (mInputStream == null) return; size = mInputStream.read(buffer);//null data -1 , zrd serial rule size default 10 if (size > 0) { Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = 100; Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putByteArray("data",buffer); bundle.putInt("size",size); bundle.putInt("requestCode",requestCode); msg.setData(bundle); uiHandler.sendMessage(msg); } Log.i(TAG_log, "SocketThread read listening"); //Thread.sleep(100);//log eof } catch (IOException e) { uiHandler.sendEmptyMessage(-1); Log.e(TAG_log,"SocketThread read io exception = "+e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); return; } } } } //==============================socket connect============================ /** * connect socket in thread * Exception : android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException * */ public void connect(String ip, int port){ mSocketThread = new SocketThread(ip, port); mSocketThread.start(); } /** * socket is connect * */ public boolean isConnect(){ boolean flag = false; if (mSocket != null) { flag = mSocket.isConnected(); } return flag; } /** * socket disconnect * */ public void disconnect() { isStop = true; try { if (mOutputStream != null) { mOutputStream.close(); } if (mInputStream != null) { mInputStream.close(); } if (mSocket != null) { mSocket.close(); mSocket = null; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (mSocketThread != null) { mSocketThread.interrupt();//not intime destory thread,so need a flag } } /** * send byte[] cmd * Exception : android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException * */ public void sendByteCmd(final byte[] mBuffer,int requestCode) { this.requestCode = requestCode; new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { if (mOutputStream != null) { mOutputStream.write(mBuffer); mOutputStream.flush(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); } /** * send string cmd to serial */ public void sendStrCmds(String cmd, int requestCode) { byte[] mBuffer = cmd.getBytes(); sendByteCmd(mBuffer,requestCode); } /** * send prt content cmd to serial */ public void sendChsPrtCmds(String content, int requestCode) { try { byte[] mBuffer = content.getBytes("GB2312"); sendByteCmd(mBuffer,requestCode); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1){ e1.printStackTrace(); } } Handler uiHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); switch(msg.what){ //connect error case -1: if (null != onDataReceiveListener) { onDataReceiveListener.onConnectFail(); disconnect(); } break; //connect success case 1: if (null != onDataReceiveListener) { onDataReceiveListener.onConnectSuccess(); } break; //receive data case 100: Bundle bundle = msg.getData(); byte[] buffer = bundle.getByteArray("data"); int size = bundle.getInt("size"); int mequestCode = bundle.getInt("requestCode"); if (null != onDataReceiveListener) { onDataReceiveListener.onDataReceive(buffer, size, mequestCode); } break; } } }; /** * socket response data listener * */ private OnDataReceiveListener onDataReceiveListener = null; private int requestCode = -1; public interface OnDataReceiveListener { public void onConnectSuccess(); public void onConnectFail(); public void onDataReceive(byte[] buffer, int size, int requestCode); } public void setOnDataReceiveListener( OnDataReceiveListener dataReceiveListener) { onDataReceiveListener = dataReceiveListener; } }MainActivity.java：使用，简单明了
private void initListener(){ //socket connect btn_connect.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { String ip = et_ip.getText().toString(); String port = et_port.getText().toString(); if(TextUtils.isEmpty(ip)){ Toast.makeText(TcpActivity.this,"IP地址为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } if(TextUtils.isEmpty(port)){ Toast.makeText(TcpActivity.this,"端口号为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } connect(ip, Integer.parseInt(port)); } }); //socket disconnect btn_disconnect.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { disconnect(); } }); //socket send btn_send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (TcpClient.getInstance().isConnect()) { byte[] data = et_send.getText().toString().getBytes(); send(data); } else { Toast.makeText(TcpActivity.this,"尚未连接，请连接Socket",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } }); //clear receive btn_clear.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { tv_receive.setText(""); } }); } /** * socket data receive * */ private void initDataReceiver(){ TcpClient.getInstance().setOnDataReceiveListener(dataReceiveListener); } /** * socket connect * */ private void connect(String ip, int port){ TcpClient.getInstance().connect(ip, port); } /** * socket disconnect * */ private void disconnect(){ TcpClient.getInstance().disconnect(); tv_state.setText("未连接"); } /** * socket send * */ private void send(byte[] data){ TcpClient.getInstance().sendByteCmd(data,1001); } /** * socket data receive * data(byte[]) analyze * */ private TcpClient.OnDataReceiveListener dataReceiveListener = new TcpClient.OnDataReceiveListener() { @Override public void onConnectSuccess() { Log.i(TAG_log,"onDataReceive connect success"); tv_state.setText("已连接"); } @Override public void onConnectFail() { Log.e(TAG_log,"onDataReceive connect fail"); tv_state.setText("未连接"); } @Override public void onDataReceive(byte[] buffer, int size, int requestCode) { //获取有效长度的数据 byte[] data = new byte[size]; System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, data, 0, size); final String oxValue = Arrays.toString(HexUtil.Byte2Ox(data)); Log.i(TAG_log,"onDataReceive requestCode = "+requestCode + ", content = "+oxValue); tv_receive.setText(tv_receive.getText().toString() + oxValue + "\n"); } }; @Override protected void onDestroy() { TcpClient.getInstance().disconnect(); super.onDestroy(); }2019 (*￣(oo)￣) 诸事顺利！
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