Android之网络请求8————OkHttp源码5:缓存相关

文章目录

  • Android之网络请求8————OkHttp源码5:缓存相关
      • 一.前言
      • 二.Cache-Control
        • 1.HTTP中的Cache-Control首部
        • 2. OkHttp中的CacheControl类
      • 三.Cache类
        • 1.缓存响应
        • 2.获取缓存
        • 3.Entry
        • 4.小结
      • 四.缓存的使用
      • 五.CacheInterceptor
        • 1. intercept
        • 2.缓存策略
      • 六.总结
      • 七.参考资料
      • 八.文章索引

一.前言

这是OKHttp的源码分析第五篇,主要分析的是OKHttp的缓存相关。在前面的文章中,我们也简单写过OKHttp的缓存相关。在 Android之网络请求2————OkHttp的基本使用 中写了如何使用缓存。在Android之网络请求6————OkHttp源码3:拦截器链 中写了缓存拦截器,并在其中分析了缓存策略相关的源码。

在这里我们来详细的分析一下OKHttp的缓存相关。

二.Cache-Control

OkHttp根据HTTP头部中的CacheControl进行缓存控制。

1.HTTP中的Cache-Control首部

HTTP中关于缓存部分的可以查看这篇博客彻底弄懂HTTP缓存机制及原理,看完之后对OKHttp中关于缓存的部分有很大的帮助。

HTTP头部中的Cache-Control首部可以指示对应请求该如何获取响应,比如应该直接使用缓存的响应还是应该从网络获取响应;可以指示响应该如何缓存,比如是否应该缓存下来还是设置一个过期时间等。Cache-Control首部的一些值既可以用于请求首部又可以用于响应首部。具体的值有no-cache、nostore、max-age、s-maxage、only-if-cached等。

2. OkHttp中的CacheControl类

CacheControl类是对HTTP的Cache-Control首部的描述。CacheControl没有公共的构造方法,内部通过一个Builder进行设置值,获取值可以通过CacheControl对象进行获取。Builder中具体有如下设置方法:

 CacheControl(Builder builder) {    this.noCache = builder.noCache;    this.noStore = builder.noStore;    this.maxAgeSeconds = builder.maxAgeSeconds;    this.sMaxAgeSeconds = -1;    this.isPrivate = false;    this.isPublic = false;    this.mustRevalidate = false;    this.maxStaleSeconds = builder.maxStaleSeconds;    this.minFreshSeconds = builder.minFreshSeconds;    this.onlyIfCached = builder.onlyIfCached;    this.noTransform = builder.noTransform;    this.immutable = builder.immutable;  }
  • noCache()
    对应于“no-cache”,如果出现在响应首部,不是表示不允许对响应进行缓存,而是表示客户端需要与服务器进行再验证,进行一个额外的GET请求得到最新的响应;如果出现在请求首部,表示不适用缓存响应,即进行网络请求得到响应
  • noStore()
    对应于“no-store”,只能出现在响应首部,表明该响应不应该被缓存
  • maxAge(int maxAge, TimeUnit timeUnit)
    对应于“max-age”,设置缓存响应的最大存活时间。如果缓存响应达到了最大存活时间,那么将不会再使用而会进行网络请求
  • maxStale(int maxStale,TimeUnit timeUnit)
    对应于“max-stale”,缓存响应可以接受的最大过期时间,如果没有指定该参数,那么过期缓存响应将不会使用。
  • minFresh(int minFresh,TimeUnit timeUnit)
    对应于“min-fresh”,设置一个响应将会持续刷新的最小秒数。如果一个响应当minFresh过去后过期了,那么缓存响应不会再使用了,会进行网络请求。
  • onlyIfCached()
    对应于“onlyIfCached”,用于请求首部,表明该请求只接受缓存中的响应。如果缓存中没有响应,那么返回一个状态码为504的响应。
    CacheControl类中还有其他方法,这里就不一一介绍了。想了解的可以去API文档查看。

三.Cache类

Cache中很多方法都是通过DiskLruCache实现的,对于DiskLruCache的使用可以参考下面两篇博客。
Android DiskLruCache完全解析,硬盘缓存的最佳方案
Android DiskLruCache 源码解析 硬盘缓存的绝佳方案
OKHttp在DiskLruCache的基础上进行了修改,将IO操作改成了OKio

在OkHttp中Cache负责将响应缓存到文件中,以便可以重用和减少带宽。
在Cache类内部又一个InternalCache的实现了类

 //根据请求得到响应 final InternalCache internalCache = new InternalCache() {    @Override public Response get(Request request) throws IOException {      return Cache.this.get(request);    } //缓存响应    @Override public CacheRequest put(Response response) throws IOException {      return Cache.this.put(response);    }//移出响应    @Override public void remove(Request request) throws IOException {      Cache.this.remove(request);    }//更新响应    @Override public void update(Response cached, Response network) {      Cache.this.update(cached, network);    }    @Override public void trackConditionalCacheHit() {      Cache.this.trackConditionalCacheHit();    }    @Override public void trackResponse(CacheStrategy cacheStrategy) {      Cache.this.trackResponse(cacheStrategy);    }  };

在代码中可以看出来,ternalCache接口中的每个方法的实现都交给了外部类Cache,所以主要看Cache类中的各个方法,而Cache类的这些方法又主要交给了DiskLruCache来实现。

1.缓存响应

首先来看缓存响应的Put方法

@Nullable CacheRequest put(Response response) {    //得到请求的方法    String requestMethod = response.request().method();    if (HttpMethod.invalidatesCache(response.request().method())) {      try {        remove(response.request());      } catch (IOException ignored) {        // The cache cannot be written.      }      return null;    }    //不缓存非GET方法    if (!requestMethod.equals("GET")) {      // Don't cache non-GET responses. We're technically allowed to cache      // HEAD requests and some POST requests, but the complexity of doing      // so is high and the benefit is low.      return null;    }    //如果请求头中如果含有星号,也不进行缓存    if (HttpHeaders.hasVaryAll(response)) {      return null;    }   //使用DiskLruCache进行缓冲    Entry entry = new Entry(response);    DiskLruCache.Editor editor = null;    try {      editor = cache.edit(key(response.request().url()));      if (editor == null) {        return null;      }      entry.writeTo(editor);      return new CacheRequestImpl(editor);    } catch (IOException e) {      abortQuietly(editor);      return null;    }  }

上面的代码对请求进行判断,如果满足条件,则使用响应创建一个Entry,然后使用DiskLruCache写入缓存,最终返回一个CacheRequestImpl对象。cache是DiskLruCache的实例,调用edit方法传入响应的key值。下面是Key方法的实现:

public static String key(HttpUrl url) {    return ByteString.encodeUtf8(url.toString()).md5().hex(); //对其请求的Url做MD5,然后获得其值。  }

然后查看edit方法

 /**   * Returns an editor for the entry named {@code key}, or null if another edit is in progress.   */  public @Nullable Editor edit(String key) throws IOException {    return edit(key, ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER);  }  synchronized Editor edit(String key, long expectedSequenceNumber) throws IOException {    initialize(); //初始化    checkNotClosed();    validateKey(key);    Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);//通过key获得entry    if (expectedSequenceNumber != ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER && (entry == null        || entry.sequenceNumber != expectedSequenceNumber)) {      return null; // Snapshot is stale.    }    if (entry != null && entry.currentEditor != null) {      return null; // Another edit is in progress. // 当前cache entry正在被其他对象操作    }    if (mostRecentTrimFailed || mostRecentRebuildFailed) {      // The OS has become our enemy! If the trim job failed, it means we are storing more data than      // requested by the user. Do not allow edits so we do not go over that limit any further. If      // the journal rebuild failed, the journal writer will not be active, meaning we will not be      // able to record the edit, causing file leaks. In both cases, we want to retry the clean up      // so we can get out of this state!      executor.execute(cleanupRunnable);      return null;    }      // 日志接入DIRTY记录    // Flush the journal before creating files to prevent file leaks.    journalWriter.writeUtf8(DIRTY).writeByte(' ').writeUtf8(key).writeByte('\n');    journalWriter.flush();    if (hasJournalErrors) {      return null; // Don't edit; the journal can't be written.    }    if (entry == null) {      entry = new Entry(key);      lruEntries.put(key, entry);    }    Editor editor = new Editor(entry);    entry.currentEditor = editor;    return editor;  }

在这里获得Editor后,然后调用editor.writeTo(editor),将editor写入

public void writeTo(DiskLruCache.Editor editor) throws IOException {      BufferedSink sink = Okio.buffer(editor.newSink(ENTRY_METADATA));      //缓存请求有关信息      sink.writeUtf8(url)          .writeByte('\n');      sink.writeUtf8(requestMethod)          .writeByte('\n');      sink.writeDecimalLong(varyHeaders.size())          .writeByte('\n');      for (int i = 0, size = varyHeaders.size(); i < size; i++) {        sink.writeUtf8(varyHeaders.name(i))            .writeUtf8(": ")            .writeUtf8(varyHeaders.value(i))            .writeByte('\n');      }              //缓存Http响应行      sink.writeUtf8(new StatusLine(protocol, code, message).toString())          .writeByte('\n');       //缓存响应首部      sink.writeDecimalLong(responseHeaders.size() + 2)          .writeByte('\n');      for (int i = 0, size = responseHeaders.size(); i < size; i++) {        sink.writeUtf8(responseHeaders.name(i))            .writeUtf8(": ")            .writeUtf8(responseHeaders.value(i))            .writeByte('\n');      }      sink.writeUtf8(SENT_MILLIS)          .writeUtf8(": ")          .writeDecimalLong(sentRequestMillis)          .writeByte('\n');      sink.writeUtf8(RECEIVED_MILLIS)          .writeUtf8(": ")          .writeDecimalLong(receivedResponseMillis)          .writeByte('\n');   //是Https请求,缓存握手,证书信息      if (isHttps()) {        sink.writeByte('\n');        sink.writeUtf8(handshake.cipherSuite().javaName())            .writeByte('\n');        writeCertList(sink, handshake.peerCertificates());        writeCertList(sink, handshake.localCertificates());        sink.writeUtf8(handshake.tlsVersion().javaName()).writeByte('\n');      }      sink.close();    }

上面的代码里面有,将响应头的头部信息还有请求头的部分信息(URL 请求方法 请求头部)进行缓存。同时对于一个请求和响应而言,缓存中的key值是请求的URL的MD5值,而value包括请求和响应部分。Entry的writeTo()方法只把请求的头部和响应的头部保存了,最关键的响应主体部分在哪里保存呢?它就在put方法的返回体CacheRequestImpl,下面是这个类的实现:

private final class CacheRequestImpl implements CacheRequest {    private final DiskLruCache.Editor editor;    private Sink cacheOut;    private Sink body;    boolean done;    CacheRequestImpl(final DiskLruCache.Editor editor) {      this.editor = editor;      this.cacheOut = editor.newSink(ENTRY_BODY);      this.body = new ForwardingSink(cacheOut) {        @Override public void close() throws IOException {          synchronized (Cache.this) {            if (done) {              return;            }            done = true;            writeSuccessCount++;          }          super.close();          editor.commit();        }      };    }    @Override public void abort() {      synchronized (Cache.this) {        if (done) {          return;        }        done = true;        writeAbortCount++;      }      Util.closeQuietly(cacheOut);      try {        editor.abort();      } catch (IOException ignored) {      }    }    @Override public Sink body() {      return body;    }  }

中close,abort方法会调用editor.abort和editor.commit来更新日志,editor.commit还会将dirtyFile重置为cleanFile作为稳定可用的缓存,先看adort方法

public void abort() throws IOException {      synchronized (DiskLruCache.this) {        if (done) {          throw new IllegalStateException();        }        if (entry.currentEditor == this) {          completeEdit(this, false);        }        done = true;      }    }

继续来看 completeEdit()方法

  synchronized void completeEdit(Editor editor, boolean success) throws IOException {    Entry entry = editor.entry;    if (entry.currentEditor != editor) {      throw new IllegalStateException();    }    // If this edit is creating the entry for the first time, every index must have a value.    //如果这辑第一次创建条目,那么每个索引都必须有一个值。    if (success && !entry.readable) {      for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {        if (!editor.written[i]) {          editor.abort();          throw new IllegalStateException("Newly created entry didn't create value for index " + i);        }        if (!fileSystem.exists(entry.dirtyFiles[i])) {          editor.abort();          return;        }      }    }    for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {      File dirty = entry.dirtyFiles[i];      if (success) {        if (fileSystem.exists(dirty)) {          File clean = entry.cleanFiles[i];          fileSystem.rename(dirty, clean);          long oldLength = entry.lengths[i];          long newLength = fileSystem.size(clean);          entry.lengths[i] = newLength;          size = size - oldLength + newLength;        }      } else {        fileSystem.delete(dirty);//若失败则删除dirtyfile      }    }    redundantOpCount++;    entry.currentEditor = null;    //更新日志    if (entry.readable | success) {      entry.readable = true;      journalWriter.writeUtf8(CLEAN).writeByte(' ');      journalWriter.writeUtf8(entry.key);      entry.writeLengths(journalWriter);      journalWriter.writeByte('\n');      if (success) {        entry.sequenceNumber = nextSequenceNumber++;      }    } else {      lruEntries.remove(entry.key);      journalWriter.writeUtf8(REMOVE).writeByte(' ');      journalWriter.writeUtf8(entry.key);      journalWriter.writeByte('\n');    }    journalWriter.flush();    if (size > maxSize || journalRebuildRequired()) {      executor.execute(cleanupRunnable);    }  }

2.获取缓存

获取缓存在get方法里

  @Nullable Response get(Request request) {    //获得key值    String key = key(request.url());     //从DiskLruCache中得到缓存    DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapshot;    Entry entry;    try {      snapshot = cache.get(key);      if (snapshot == null) {  //如果没有找到        return null;      }    } catch (IOException e) {      // Give up because the cache cannot be read.      return null;    }    try {      entry = new Entry(snapshot.getSource(ENTRY_METADATA)); //创建entry对象    } catch (IOException e) {      Util.closeQuietly(snapshot);      return null;    }    Response response = entry.response(snapshot); //获得响应对象    if (!entry.matches(request, response)) { //如果请求和响应不匹配      Util.closeQuietly(response.body());      return null;    }    return response;  }

3.Entry

首先来看其构造方法

 Entry(Source in) throws IOException {      try {        BufferedSource source = Okio.buffer(in);        //读取请求相关的信息        url = source.readUtf8LineStrict();        requestMethod = source.readUtf8LineStrict();        Headers.Builder varyHeadersBuilder = new Headers.Builder();        int varyRequestHeaderLineCount = readInt(source);        for (int i = 0; i < varyRequestHeaderLineCount; i++) {          varyHeadersBuilder.addLenient(source.readUtf8LineStrict());        }        varyHeaders = varyHeadersBuilder.build();          //读响应状态行        StatusLine statusLine = StatusLine.parse(source.readUtf8LineStrict());        protocol = statusLine.protocol;        code = statusLine.code;        message = statusLine.message;       //读响应行状态        Headers.Builder responseHeadersBuilder = new Headers.Builder();        int responseHeaderLineCount = readInt(source);        for (int i = 0; i < responseHeaderLineCount; i++) {          responseHeadersBuilder.addLenient(source.readUtf8LineStrict());        }        String sendRequestMillisString = responseHeadersBuilder.get(SENT_MILLIS);        String receivedResponseMillisString = responseHeadersBuilder.get(RECEIVED_MILLIS);        responseHeadersBuilder.removeAll(SENT_MILLIS);        responseHeadersBuilder.removeAll(RECEIVED_MILLIS);        sentRequestMillis = sendRequestMillisString != null            ? Long.parseLong(sendRequestMillisString)            : 0L;        receivedResponseMillis = receivedResponseMillisString != null            ? Long.parseLong(receivedResponseMillisString)            : 0L;        responseHeaders = responseHeadersBuilder.build();        //是Https协议,读握手,证书信息        if (isHttps()) {          String blank = source.readUtf8LineStrict();          if (blank.length() > 0) {            throw new IOException("expected \"\" but was \"" + blank + "\"");          }          String cipherSuiteString = source.readUtf8LineStrict();          CipherSuite cipherSuite = CipherSuite.forJavaName(cipherSuiteString);          List<Certificate> peerCertificates = readCertificateList(source);          List<Certificate> localCertificates = readCertificateList(source);          TlsVersion tlsVersion = !source.exhausted()              ? TlsVersion.forJavaName(source.readUtf8LineStrict())              : TlsVersion.SSL_3_0;          handshake = Handshake.get(tlsVersion, cipherSuite, peerCertificates, localCertificates);        } else {          handshake = null;        }      } finally {        in.close();      }    }

在put方法中我们知道了缓存中保存了请求的信息和响应的信息,这个构造方法主要用于从缓存中解析出各个字段。当获得这些信息后,就可以用过response() (get方法最后的调用)获得对应的响应

public Response response(DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapshot) {      String contentType = responseHeaders.get("Content-Type");      String contentLength = responseHeaders.get("Content-Length");      Request cacheRequest = new Request.Builder()  //缓存的请求          .url(url)          .method(requestMethod, null)          .headers(varyHeaders)          .build();      return new Response.Builder()//缓存的响应          .request(cacheRequest)          .protocol(protocol)          .code(code)          .message(message)          .headers(responseHeaders)          .body(new CacheResponseBody(snapshot, contentType, contentLength)) //获得请求体          .handshake(handshake)          .sentRequestAtMillis(sentRequestMillis)          .receivedResponseAtMillis(receivedResponseMillis)          .build();    }

查看 CacheResponseBody类的构造方法

  CacheResponseBody(final DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapshot,        String contentType, String contentLength) {      this.snapshot = snapshot;      this.contentType = contentType;      this.contentLength = contentLength;      Source source = snapshot.getSource(ENTRY_BODY);      bodySource = Okio.buffer(new ForwardingSource(source) {        @Override public void close() throws IOException {          snapshot.close();          super.close();        }      });    }

上面那个是get方法是的构造方法,Entry还有一种构造方法,即将响应里的内容保存起来。

    Entry(Response response) {      this.url = response.request().url().toString();      this.varyHeaders = HttpHeaders.varyHeaders(response);      this.requestMethod = response.request().method();      this.protocol = response.protocol();      this.code = response.code();      this.message = response.message();      this.responseHeaders = response.headers();      this.handshake = response.handshake();      this.sentRequestMillis = response.sentRequestAtMillis();      this.receivedResponseMillis = response.receivedResponseAtMillis();    }

4.小结

上面的代码,基本将cache里的内容看了个差不多,分析了缓存的取出和存入,当然还有其他的方法,都比较简单。这里就不过多分析,关于里面涉及的DiskLruCache类,我看的不是很多,之后应该会去看看它以及Okio相关的内容。

四.缓存的使用

在okHttp中,如何应用缓存。可以参考我的这篇博客 Android之网络请求2————OkHttp的基本使用

Cache的设置均在OkHttpClient的Builder中设置,有两个方法可以设置,分别是setInternalCache()和cache()方法,如下:

/** Sets the response cache to be used to read and write cached responses. */    void setInternalCache(InternalCache internalCache) {      this.internalCache = internalCache;      this.cache = null;    }    public Builder cache(Cache cache) {      this.cache = cache;      this.internalCache = null;      return this;    }

从代码中可以看出,这两个方法会互相消除彼此。在之前讲到的InternalCache类,该类是一个接口,文档中说应用不应该实现该类,所以这儿,我也明白为什么OkHttpClient为什么还提供这样一个接口。
当设置好Cache后,我们再来看下Cache的构造方法:

public Cache(File directory, long maxSize) {    this(directory, maxSize, FileSystem.SYSTEM);  }  Cache(File directory, long maxSize, FileSystem fileSystem) {    this.cache = DiskLruCache.create(fileSystem, directory, VERSION, ENTRY_COUNT, maxSize);  }

可以看到暴露对外的构造方法只有两个参数,一个目录,一个最大尺寸,而其内部使用的DiskLruCache的create静态工厂方法。这里面FileSystem.SYSTEM是FileSystem接口的一个实现类,该类的各个方法使用Okio对文件I/O进行封装。
DiskLruCache的create()方法中传入的目录将会是缓存的父目录,其中ENTRY_COUNT表示每一个缓存实体中的值的个数,这儿是2。(第一个是请求头部和响应头部,第二个是响应主体部分)至此,Cache和其底层的DiskLruCache创建成功了。

五.CacheInterceptor

在Okhttp缓存的具体执行时机是在缓存拦截器中,关于这一部分在Android之网络请求6————OkHttp源码3:拦截器链 中,有比较详细的描述,这里我在简单的写一下

1. intercept

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {    //得到候选缓存响应,可能为空    Response cacheCandidate = cache != null        ? cache.get(chain.request())        : null;    long now = System.currentTimeMillis();    //得到缓存策略    CacheStrategy strategy = new CacheStrategy.Factory(now, chain.request(), cacheCandidate).get();    Request networkRequest = strategy.networkRequest;    Response cacheResponse = strategy.cacheResponse;    if (cache != null) {      cache.trackResponse(strategy);    }    if (cacheCandidate != null && cacheResponse == null) {      closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body()); // The cache candidate wasn't applicable. Close it.    }    // 只要缓存响应,但是缓存响应不存在,返回504错误    if (networkRequest == null && cacheResponse == null) {      return new Response.Builder()          .request(chain.request())          .protocol(Protocol.HTTP_1_1)          .code(504)          .message("Unsatisfiable Request (only-if-cached)")          .body(EMPTY_BODY)          .sentRequestAtMillis(-1L)          .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())          .build();    }    // 不使用网络,直接返回缓存响应    if (networkRequest == null) {      return cacheResponse.newBuilder()          .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))          .build();    }    //进行网络操作获取响应    Response networkResponse = null;    try {      networkResponse = chain.proceed(networkRequest);    } finally {      // If we're crashing on I/O or otherwise, don't leak the cache body.      if (networkResponse == null && cacheCandidate != null) {        closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body());      }    }    // 如果也有缓存响应,则需要检查缓存响应是否需要进行更新    if (cacheResponse != null) {      //需要更新      if (validate(cacheResponse, networkResponse)) {        Response response = cacheResponse.newBuilder()            .headers(combine(cacheResponse.headers(), networkResponse.headers()))            .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))            .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))            .build();        networkResponse.body().close();        // Update the cache after combining headers but before stripping the        // Content-Encoding header (as performed by initContentStream()).        cache.trackConditionalCacheHit();        cache.update(cacheResponse, response);        return response;      } else {        closeQuietly(cacheResponse.body());      }    }    Response response = networkResponse.newBuilder()        .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))        .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))        .build();    //保存缓存    if (HttpHeaders.hasBody(response)) {      CacheRequest cacheRequest = maybeCache(response, networkResponse.request(), cache);      response = cacheWritingResponse(cacheRequest, response);    }    return response;  }

2.缓存策略

进入查看CacheStrategy中的Factory类(工厂类)

//CacheStrategy.Factory类//构造方法 public Factory(long nowMillis, Request request, Response cacheResponse) {      this.nowMillis = nowMillis;      this.request = request;      this.cacheResponse = cacheResponse;      if (cacheResponse != null) {        this.sentRequestMillis = cacheResponse.sentRequestAtMillis();        this.receivedResponseMillis = cacheResponse.receivedResponseAtMillis();        Headers headers = cacheResponse.headers();        //获取响应头的各种信息        for (int i = 0, size = headers.size(); i < size; i++) {          String fieldName = headers.name(i);          String value = headers.value(i);          if ("Date".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldName)) {            servedDate = HttpDate.parse(value);            servedDateString = value;          } else if ("Expires".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldName)) {            expires = HttpDate.parse(value);          } else if ("Last-Modified".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldName)) {            lastModified = HttpDate.parse(value);            lastModifiedString = value;          } else if ("ETag".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldName)) {            etag = value;          } else if ("Age".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldName)) {            ageSeconds = HttpHeaders.parseSeconds(value, -1);          }        }      }    }

继续查看Factory的get方法

//CacheStrategy.Factory类    public CacheStrategy get() {      CacheStrategy candidate = getCandidate();      //如果设置取消缓存      if (candidate.networkRequest != null && request.cacheControl().onlyIfCached()) {        // We're forbidden from using the network and the cache is insufficient.        return new CacheStrategy(null, null);      }      return candidate;    }

继续查看getCandidate()方法,可以看出,在这个方法里,就是最终决定缓存策略的方法

//CacheStrategy.Factory类private CacheStrategy getCandidate() {      // No cached response.      //如果没有response的缓存,那就使用请求。      if (cacheResponse == null) {        return new CacheStrategy(request, null);      }      // Drop the cached response if it's missing a required handshake.      //如果请求是https的并且没有握手,那么重新请求。      if (request.isHttps() && cacheResponse.handshake() == null) {        return new CacheStrategy(request, null);      }      // If this response shouldn't have been stored, it should never be used      // as a response source. This check should be redundant as long as the      // persistence store is well-behaved and the rules are constant.      //如果response是不该被缓存的,就请求,isCacheable()内部是根据状态码判断的。      if (!isCacheable(cacheResponse, request)) {        return new CacheStrategy(request, null);      }             //如果请求指定不使用缓存响应,或者是可选择的,就重新请求。      CacheControl requestCaching = request.cacheControl();      if (requestCaching.noCache() || hasConditions(request)) {        return new CacheStrategy(request, null);      }      //强制使用缓存      CacheControl responseCaching = cacheResponse.cacheControl();      if (responseCaching.immutable()) {        return new CacheStrategy(null, cacheResponse);      }      long ageMillis = cacheResponseAge();      long freshMillis = computeFreshnessLifetime();      if (requestCaching.maxAgeSeconds() != -1) {        freshMillis = Math.min(freshMillis, SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.maxAgeSeconds()));      }      long minFreshMillis = 0;      if (requestCaching.minFreshSeconds() != -1) {        minFreshMillis = SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.minFreshSeconds());      }      long maxStaleMillis = 0;      if (!responseCaching.mustRevalidate() && requestCaching.maxStaleSeconds() != -1) {        maxStaleMillis = SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.maxStaleSeconds());      }       //如果response有缓存,并且时间比较近,添加一些头部信息后,返回request = null的策略       /(意味着虽过期,但可用,只是会在响应头添加warning)      if (!responseCaching.noCache() && ageMillis + minFreshMillis < freshMillis + maxStaleMillis) {        Response.Builder builder = cacheResponse.newBuilder();        if (ageMillis + minFreshMillis >= freshMillis) {          builder.addHeader("Warning", "110 HttpURLConnection \"Response is stale\"");        }        long oneDayMillis = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000L;        if (ageMillis > oneDayMillis && isFreshnessLifetimeHeuristic()) {          builder.addHeader("Warning", "113 HttpURLConnection \"Heuristic expiration\"");        }        return new CacheStrategy(null, builder.build());      }      // Find a condition to add to the request. If the condition is satisfied, the response body      // will not be transmitted.      String conditionName;      //流程走到这,说明缓存已经过期了      //添加请求头:If-Modified-Since或者If-None-Match      //etag与If-None-Match配合使用      //lastModified与If-Modified-Since配合使用      //前者和后者的值是相同的      //区别在于前者是响应头,后者是请求头。      //后者用于服务器进行资源比对,看看是资源是否改变了。      // 如果没有,则本地的资源虽过期还是可以用的      String conditionValue;      if (etag != null) {        conditionName = "If-None-Match";        conditionValue = etag;      } else if (lastModified != null) {        conditionName = "If-Modified-Since";        conditionValue = lastModifiedString;      } else if (servedDate != null) {        conditionName = "If-Modified-Since";        conditionValue = servedDateString;      } else {        return new CacheStrategy(request, null); // No condition! Make a regular request.      }      Headers.Builder conditionalRequestHeaders = request.headers().newBuilder();      Internal.instance.addLenient(conditionalRequestHeaders, conditionName, conditionValue);      Request conditionalRequest = request.newBuilder()          .headers(conditionalRequestHeaders.build())          .build();      return new CacheStrategy(conditionalRequest, cacheResponse);    }

CacheStrategy的构造方法

 CacheStrategy(Request networkRequest, Response cacheResponse) {    this.networkRequest = networkRequest;    this.cacheResponse = cacheResponse;  }

六.总结

OKHttp的缓存部分,一个是设置缓存这一方面由用户(程序员自己调用),还有进行缓存的时机,在缓存拦截器中发生。在获取缓存时,主要是缓存的存和取,这两个是由DiskLruCache+Okio一同实现的,同时在缓存拦截器跟据请求来进行不同的缓存策略。

七.参考资料

深入理解OkHttp源码(四)——缓存
OkHttp 3.7源码分析(四)——缓存策略

八.文章索引

Android之网络请求1————HTTP协议
Android之网络请求2————OkHttp的基本使用
Android之网络请求3————OkHttp的拦截器和封装
Android之网络请求4————OkHttp源码1:框架
Android之网络请求5————OkHttp源码2:发送请求
Android之网络请求6————OkHttp源码3:拦截器链
Android之网络请求7————OkHttp源码4:网络操作
Android之网络请求8————OkHttp源码5:缓存相关
Android之网络请求9————Retrofit的简单使用
Android之网络请求10————Retrofit的进阶使用
Android之网络请求11————Retrofit的源码分析

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