【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(二)将Architecture Components引入工程
PS: 2018.06.24按照官网最新文档更新本文翻译
系列文章导航:
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(一)App架构指南
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(二)将Architecture Components引入工程
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(三)处理生命周期
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(四)LiveData
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(五)ViewModel
- 【译】Google官方推出的Android架构组件系列文章(六)Room持久化库
原文地址:https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/adding-components.html
Architecture Components
可以从Google的Maven仓库获得。按照下面的几个步骤来使用:
添加Google Maven仓库
Android Studio默认没有配置成可访问这个仓库。
要把它加到你的工程里,需要打开工程的根build.gradle文件(不是app或模块的那个),然后添加下面高亮的那行:
allprojects { repositories { jcenter() google() //maven { url 'https://maven.google.com' } }}
注意:https://maven.google.com 国内可能访问不通,可尝试替换为 https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/
声明依赖
打开你的app或者模块的build.gradle文件,添加你需要的库作为依赖。你可以添加所有依赖,或者取一个子集。
AndroidX
架构组件的未来版本正作为AndroidX的一部分来进行开发,并且列在每个稳定依赖下。alpha版本的库名字已经遵循AndroidX的标准发生了变更。
有关AndroidX重构的更多信息,以及其如何影响类包和模块ID,请参阅AndroidX重构文档
Kotlin
某些标记有// use -ktx for Kotlin
的AndroidX依赖库支持Kotlin扩展模块,只需要将下面的
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin
替换成
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
更多信息,包括kotlin扩展文档,请参考ktx文档
注意:对于基于kotlin的应用,请使用
kapt
代替annotationProcessor
,你也需要添加kotlin-kapt
插件。
Lifecycle
对于 Lifecycle的依赖,包括LiveData和ViewModel
dependencies { def lifecycle_version = "1.1.1" // ViewModel and LiveData implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:$lifecycle_version" // alternatively - just ViewModel implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin // alternatively - just LiveData implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:livedata:$lifecycle_version" // alternatively - Lifecycles only (no ViewModel or LiveData). // Support library depends on this lightweight import implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:$lifecycle_version" annotationProcessor "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:$lifecycle_version" // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of compiler implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:common-java8:$lifecycle_version" // optional - ReactiveStreams support for LiveData implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version" // optional - Test helpers for LiveData testImplementation "android.arch.core:core-testing:$lifecycle_version"}
AndroidX
dependencies { def lifecycle_version = "2.0.0-alpha1" // ViewModel and LiveData implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycle_version" // alternatively - just ViewModel implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin // alternatively - just LiveData implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata:$lifecycle_version" // alternatively - Lifecycles only (no ViewModel or LiveData). Some UI // AndroidX libraries use this lightweight import for Lifecycle implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:$lifecycle_version" annotationProcessor "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version" // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of lifecycle-compiler implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$lifecycle_version" // optional - ReactiveStreams support for LiveData implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin // optional - Test helpers for LiveData testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$lifecycle_version"}
Room
对于Room的依赖, 包括testing Room migrations 和Room RxJava
dependencies { def room_version = "1.1.1" implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:$room_version" annotationProcessor "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:$room_version" // optional - RxJava support for Room implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:rxjava2:$room_version" // optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:guava:$room_version" // Test helpers testImplementation "android.arch.persistence.room:testing:$room_version"}
AndroidX
dependencies { def room_version = "2.0.0-alpha1" implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version" annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version" // optional - RxJava support for Room implementation "androidx.room:room-rxjava2:$room_version" // optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture implementation "androidx.room:room-guava:$room_version" // Test helpers testImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version"}
Paging
针对Paging的依赖
dependencies { def paging_version = "1.0.0" implementation "android.arch.paging:runtime:$paging_version" // alternatively - without Android dependencies for testing testImplementation "android.arch.paging:common:$paging_version" // optional - RxJava support, currently in release candidate implementation "android.arch.paging:rxjava2:1.0.0-rc1"}
AndroidX
dependencies { def paging_version = "2.0.0-alpha1" implementation "androidx.paging:paging-runtime:$paging_version" // alternatively - without Android dependencies for testing testImplementation "androidx.paging:paging-common:$paging_version" // optional - RxJava support implementation "androidx.paging:paging-rxjava2:$paging_version"}
Navigation
针对Navigation的依赖。
Navigation已经在androidx.navigation包中,但目前依赖于Support Library 27.1.1和相关的Arch组件版本。AndroidX版本的Navigation版本将在未来发布。
dependencies { def nav_version = "1.0.0-alpha02" implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-fragment:$nav_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui:$nav_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin // optional - Test helpers androidTestImplementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-testing:$nav_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin}
Safe args
针对 Safe args, 将下面的classpath添加到你的顶级build.gradle文件中
buildscript { repositories { google() } dependencies { classpath "android.arch.navigation:navigation-safe-args-gradle-plugin:1.0.0-alpha02" }}
然后在应用或模块的build.gradle文件中添加:
apply plugin: "androidx.navigation.safeargs"
WorkManager
针对 WorkManager的依赖。
WorkManager类已经在androidx.work package包中,但目前依赖于Support Library 27.1.1和相关的Arch组件版本。AndroidX版本的WorkManager版本将在未来发布。
dependencies { def work_version = "1.0.0-alpha03" implementation "android.arch.work:work-runtime:$work_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin // optional - Firebase JobDispatcher support implementation "android.arch.work:work-firebase:$work_version" // optional - Test helpers androidTestImplementation "android.arch.work:work-testing:$work_version"}
更多信息,参见 Add Build Dependencies
更多相关文章
- Android程序架构基本内容概述
- Android初识之Activity组件
- android 使用include 调用内部组件
- Android 通过OKhttp3进行下载实现版本更新
- Android-Google自己的下拉刷新组件SwipeRefreshLayout
- windows上 android 21.1版本ADT环境搭建
- Android系统信息(内存、cpu、sd卡、电量、版本)获取