Android常用功能代码总结一
16lz
2021-01-23
Android之用HTTP的get,post,HttpClient三种方式向service提交文本数据
/** * HTTP请求 * @author kesenhoo * */ public class HttpRequest { public static boolean sendXML(String path, String xml)throws Exception { byte[] data = xml.getBytes(); URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据 conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=UTF-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length)); OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream(); outStream.write(data); outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); if(conn.getResponseCode()==200) { return true; } return false; } /** * 通过get方式提交参数给服务器 * @param path * @param params * @param enc * @return * @throws Exception */ public static boolean sendGetRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params, String enc) throws Exception { //构造如下形式的字符串，这里的字符串依情况不同 // ?method=save&title=435435435&timelength=89& //使用StringBuilder对象 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(path); sb.append('?'); //迭代Map for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=') .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), enc)).append('&'); } sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1); //打开链接 URL url = new URL(sb.toString()); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功 if(conn.getResponseCode()==200) { return true; } return false; } /** * 通过Post方式提交参数给服务器 * @param path * @param params * @param enc * @return * @throws Exception */ public static boolean sendPostRequest(String path, Map<String, String> params, String enc) throws Exception { //需要构造的字符串形式如下： // title=dsfdsf&timelength=23&method=save StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //如果参数不为空 if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()) { for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { //Post方式提交参数的话，不能省略内容类型与长度 sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=') .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), enc)).append('&'); } sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1); } //得到实体的二进制数据 byte[] entitydata = sb.toString().getBytes(); URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //如果通过post提交数据，必须设置允许对外输出数据 conn.setDoOutput(true); //这里只设置内容类型与内容长度的头字段 //内容类型Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded //内容长度Content-Length: 38 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(entitydata.length)); OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream(); //把实体数据写入是输出流 outStream.write(entitydata); //内存中的数据刷入 outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); //如果请求响应码是200，则表示成功 if(conn.getResponseCode()==200) { return true; } return false; } /** * 在遇上HTTPS安全模式或者操作cookie的时候使用HTTPclient会方便很多 * 使用HTTPClient（开源项目）向服务器提交参数 * @param path * @param params * @param enc * @return * @throws Exception */ public static boolean sendRequestFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String enc) throws Exception { //需要把参数放到NameValuePair List<NameValuePair> paramPairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()) { for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { paramPairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } } //对请求参数进行编码，得到实体数据 UrlEncodedFormEntity entitydata = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramPairs, enc); //构造一个请求路径 HttpPost post = new HttpPost(path); //设置请求实体 post.setEntity(entitydata); //浏览器对象 DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); //执行post请求 HttpResponse response = client.execute(post); //从状态行中获取状态码，判断响应码是否符合要求 if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200) { return true; } return false; } } android自动获取短信验证码
前言：android应用的自动化测试必然会涉及到注册登录功能，而许多的注册登录或修改密码功能常常需要输入短信验证码，因此有必要能够自动获得下发的短信验证码。
主要就是实时获取短信信息。
android上获取短信信息主要有BroadcastReceiver方式与数据库方式，要实时的话就BroadcastReceiver比较方便
public class SMSReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ private String verifyCode=""; public static final String TAG = "SMSReceiver"; public static final String SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"; @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent){ if (intent.getAction().equals(SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION)){ SmsMessage[] messages = getMessagesFromIntent(intent); for (SmsMessage message : messages){ Log.i(TAG, message.getOriginatingAddress() + " : " + message.getDisplayOriginatingAddress() + " : " + message.getDisplayMessageBody() + " : " + message.getTimestampMillis()); String smsContent=message.getDisplayMessageBody(); Log.i(TAG, smsContent); writeFile(smsContent);//将短信内容写入SD卡 } } } public final SmsMessage[] getMessagesFromIntent(Intent intent){ Object[] messages = (Object[]) intent.getSerializableExtra("pdus"); byte[][] pduObjs = new byte[messages.length][]; for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) { pduObjs[i] = (byte[]) messages[i]; } byte[][] pdus = new byte[pduObjs.length][]; int pduCount = pdus.length; SmsMessage[] msgs = new SmsMessage[pduCount]; for (int i = 0; i < pduCount; i++) { pdus[i] = pduObjs[i]; msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu(pdus[i]); } return msgs; } //将短信内容写到SD卡上的文件里，便于将文件pull到PC，这样可方便其它如WWW/WAP平台的自动化 @SuppressLint("SdCardPath") public void writeFile(String str){ String filePath="/mnt/sdcard/verifyCode.txt"; byte [] bytes = str.getBytes(); try{ File file=new File(filePath); file.createNewFile(); FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file); fos.write(bytes); fos.close(); }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } 如此当有短信收到时就可以将短信内容写到SD卡中的文件里
在另一个java类中写个读取文件内容的方法，并在写测试用例过程中，将得到的String按验证码的具体位置截取即可。
public String read(String str) throws IOException{ File file=new File(str); FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(file); StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(); BufferedInputStream bis=new BufferedInputStream(fis); BufferedReader read = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(bis)); int c=0; while ((c=read.read())!=-1) { sb.append((char) c); } read.close(); bis.close(); fis.close(); Log.i(TAG, sb.toString()); String verify=sb.toString(); return verify; } 最后需要在manifest中增加申明，且注册权限
<receiver android:name="com.cplatform.surfdesktop.test.util.SMSReceiver"><intent-filter><action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" /></intent-filter></receiver><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
测试过程中需要用到短信验证码时就可以实时获取了
android如何实现开机自动启动Service或app
第一步：首先创建一个广播接收者,重构其抽象方法 onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)，在其中启动你想要启动的Service或app。
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class BootBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
//重写onReceive方法
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//后边的XXX.class就是要启动的服务
Intent service = new Intent(context,XXXclass);
context.startService(service);
Log.v("TAG", "开机自动服务自动启动.....");
//启动应用，参数为需要自动启动的应用的包名
Intent intent = getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(packageName);
context.startActivity(intent );
}
}
第二步：配置xml文件，在receiver接收这种添加intent-filter配置
<receiver android:name="BootBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"></action>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
第三步：添加权限 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
Android之使用Http协议实现文件上传功能
注意一般使用Http协议上传的文件都比较小，一般是小于2M
这里示例是上传一个小的MP3文件
1.主Activity：MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity { private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private EditText timelengthText; private EditText titleText; private EditText videoText; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); //提交上传按钮 Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button); timelengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.timelength); videoText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.video); titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.title); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { String title = titleText.getText().toString(); String timelength = timelengthText.getText().toString(); Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("method", "save"); params.put("title", title); params.put("timelength", timelength); try { //得到SDCard的目录 File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), videoText.getText().toString()); //上传音频文件 FormFile formfile = new FormFile("02.mp3", uploadFile, "video", "audio/mpeg"); SocketHttpRequester.post("http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do", params, formfile); Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show(); } catch (Exception e) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show(); Log.e(TAG, e.toString()); } } }); } }
2.上传工具类，注意里面构造协议字符串需要根据不同的提交表单来处理
public class SocketHttpRequester { /** * 发送xml数据 * @param path 请求地址 * @param xml xml数据 * @param encoding 编码 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{ byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding); URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length)); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream(); outStream.write(data); outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){ return readStream(conn.getInputStream()); } return null; } /** * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id"> <input type="file" name="imagefile"/> <input type="file" name="zip"/> </FORM> * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试， * 因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception { //数据分隔线 final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--" final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n"; //下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数，依据表单的类型而定 //首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线) int fileDataLength = 0; for(FormFile uploadFile : files) { StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder(); fileExplain.append("--"); fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY); fileExplain.append("/r/n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n"); fileExplain.append("/r/n"); fileDataLength += fileExplain.length(); if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length(); }else{ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length; } } //再构造文本类型参数的实体数据 StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { textEntity.append("--"); textEntity.append(BOUNDARY); textEntity.append("/r/n"); textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + "/"/r/n/r/n"); textEntity.append(entry.getValue()); textEntity.append("/r/n"); } //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符) int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length; URL url = new URL(path); //默认端口号其实可以不写 int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort(); //建立一个Socket链接 Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port); //获得一个输出流（从Android流到web） OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream(); //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送 String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1/r/n"; outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes()); //构建accept String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n"; outStream.write(accept.getBytes()); //构建language String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n"; outStream.write(language.getBytes()); //构建contenttype String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "/r/n"; outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes()); //构建contentlength String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "/r/n"; outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes()); //构建alive String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n"; outStream.write(alive.getBytes()); //构建host String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"/r/n"; outStream.write(host.getBytes()); //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行 outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes()); //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来 outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes()); //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来 for(FormFile uploadFile : files) { StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder(); fileEntity.append("--"); fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY); fileEntity.append("/r/n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n"); outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes()); //边读边写 if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null) { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1) { outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } uploadFile.getInStream().close(); } else { outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length); } outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes()); } //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束 outStream.write(endline.getBytes()); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); //读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败 if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1) { return false; } outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); reader.close(); socket.close(); return true; } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception { return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file}); } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param encode 编码 */ public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception { //用于存放请求参数 List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path); httppost.setEntity(entity); //看作是浏览器 HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //发送post请求 HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost); return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent()); } /** * 发送请求 * @param path 请求路径 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值 * @param encode 请求参数的编码 */ public static byte[] post(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception { //String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数 StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder(""); if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()) { for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=") .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&"); } parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1); } byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes(); URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); //设置允许对外发送请求参数 conn.setDoOutput(true); //设置不进行缓存 conn.setUseCaches(false); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); //下面设置http请求头 conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*"); conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN"); conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length)); conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); //发送参数 DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream()); outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去 outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); if(conn.getResponseCode()==200) { return readStream(conn.getInputStream()); } return null; } /** * 读取流 * @param inStream * @return 字节数组 * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception { ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = -1; while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len); } outSteam.close(); inStream.close(); return outSteam.toByteArray(); } } public class StreamTool { /** * 从输入流读取数据 * @param inStream * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{ ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){ outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len); } outSteam.close(); inStream.close(); return outSteam.toByteArray(); } } /** * 使用JavaBean封装上传文件数据 * */ public class FormFile { //上传文件的数据 private byte[] data; private InputStream inStream; private File file; //文件名称 private String filname; //请求参数名称 private String parameterName; //内容类型 private String contentType = "application/octet-stream"; /** * 上传小文件，把文件数据先读入内存 * @param filname * @param data * @param parameterName * @param contentType */ public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) { this.data = data; this.filname = filname; this.parameterName = parameterName; if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; } /** * 上传大文件，一边读文件数据一边上传 * @param filname * @param file * @param parameterName * @param contentType */ public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) { this.filname = filname; this.parameterName = parameterName; this.file = file; try { this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType; } public File getFile() { return file; } public InputStream getInStream() { return inStream; } public byte[] getData() { return data; } public String getFilname() { return filname; } public void setFilname(String filname) { this.filname = filname; } public String getParameterName() { return parameterName; } public void setParameterName(String parameterName) { this.parameterName = parameterName; } public String getContentType() { return contentType; } public void setContentType(String contentType) { this.contentType = contentType; } }
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