android之android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException错误

android之android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException异常使用android测试访问web服务器的webservice时，在MainActivity的主线程中访问webservice，代码如下： package com.example.myandroidpro;
import java.io.File;
import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.StrictMode; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static String NAMESPACE = "http://service.cxf.test/"; // webService地址 private static String URL = "http://192.168.1.119:8080/CxfWebService/services/HelloService/";
private String method_name = null; private Button activity_main_btn1;
@SuppressLint("NewApi") @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy=new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy); File rootDirectory = Environment.getRootDirectory();//获取手机根目录 File storageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//获取SD卡根目录
for(File file : rootDirectory.listFiles()){ System.err.println(file.isDirectory()+","+file.getName()); } findVIew(); activity_main_btn1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View arg0) { //发送webservice请求 sayHi("zxn"); } }); }
private void findVIew() { activity_main_btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.activity_main_btn1);
}
private String sayHi(String name) { String result = null; // （1）指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名 method_name = "sayHi"; SoapObject soapObj = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, method_name); /** * （2）设置调用方法的参数值，如果没有参数，可以省略。要注意的是，参数必须和服务声明的@WebParam里面的变量名对应 */ soapObj.addProperty("name", name); // （3）生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope( SoapEnvelope.VER11); // envelope.bodyOut = rpc; envelope.dotNet = false; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObj); // （4）创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过AndroidHttpTransport类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(URL); try { // (5)使用call方法调用WebService方法 ht.call(null, envelope); // （6）使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果 if (envelope.getResponse() != null) { System.out.println(envelope.getResponse()); result = String.valueOf(envelope.getResponse()); Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) .show(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; }
}
由于在主线程中访问网络，android版本为4.3，导致如下异常： 05-15 02:00:05.769: W/System.err(2269): android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException 05-15 02:00:05.799: W/System.err(2269): at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:1133) 05-15 02:00:05.799: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.io.BlockGuardOs.connect(BlockGuardOs.java:84) 05-15 02:00:05.810: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.io.IoBridge.connectErrno(IoBridge.java:144) 05-15 02:00:05.810: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.io.IoBridge.connect(IoBridge.java:112) 05-15 02:00:05.869: D/dalvikvm(2269): GC_FOR_ALLOC freed 345K, 14% free 2674K/3076K, paused 48ms, total 52ms 05-15 02:00:05.869: W/System.err(2269): at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:192) 05-15 02:00:05.880: W/System.err(2269): at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:459) 05-15 02:00:05.880: W/System.err(2269): at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:842) 05-15 02:00:05.889: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpConnection.(HttpConnection.java:76) 05-15 02:00:05.889: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpConnection.(HttpConnection.java:50) 05-15 02:00:05.899: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpConnection$Address.connect(HttpConnection.java:340) 05-15 02:00:05.899: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpConnectionPool.get(HttpConnectionPool.java:87) 05-15 02:00:05.899: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpConnection.connect(HttpConnection.java:128) 05-15 02:00:05.899: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.openSocketConnection(HttpEngine.java:316) 05-15 02:00:05.899: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.connect(HttpEngine.java:311) 05-15 02:00:05.909: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.sendSocketRequest(HttpEngine.java:290) 05-15 02:00:05.909: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.sendRequest(HttpEngine.java:240) 05-15 02:00:05.909: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.connect(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:81) 05-15 02:00:05.909: W/System.err(2269): at libcore.net.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getOutputStream(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:197) 05-15 02:00:05.919: W/System.err(2269): at org.ksoap2.transport.ServiceConnectionSE.openOutputStream(ServiceConnectionSE.java:126) 05-15 02:00:05.919: W/System.err(2269): at org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE.call(HttpTransportSE.java:185) 05-15 02:00:05.929: W/System.err(2269): at org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE.call(HttpTransportSE.java:118) 05-15 02:00:05.929: W/System.err(2269): at org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE.call(HttpTransportSE.java:113) 05-15 02:00:05.969: W/System.err(2269): at com.example.myandroidpro.MainActivity.sayHi(MainActivity.java:77) 05-15 02:00:05.969: W/System.err(2269): at com.example.myandroidpro.MainActivity.access$0(MainActivity.java:58) 05-15 02:00:05.969: W/System.err(2269): at com.example.myandroidpro.MainActivity$1.onClick(MainActivity.java:47) 05-15 02:00:05.969: W/System.err(2269): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:4240) 05-15 02:00:05.979: W/System.err(2269): at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:17721) 05-15 02:00:05.979: W/System.err(2269): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:730) 05-15 02:00:06.012: W/System.err(2269): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 05-15 02:00:06.012: W/System.err(2269): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 05-15 02:00:06.019: W/System.err(2269): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5103) 05-15 02:00:06.019: W/System.err(2269): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 05-15 02:00:06.019: W/System.err(2269): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:525) 05-15 02:00:06.034: W/System.err(2269): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:737) 05-15 02:00:06.034: W/System.err(2269): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:553) 05-15 02:00:06.039: W/System.err(2269): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
原因： android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException是说不要在主线程中访问网络，这个是android3.0版本开始就强制程序不能在主线程中访问网络，要把访问网络放在独立的线程中。解决：在开发中，为了防止访问网络阻塞主线程，一般都要把访问网络放在独立线程中或者异步线程AsyncTask中。先在AndroidManifest.xml文件manifest节点中添加如下配置：

1、想要忽略这些强制策略问题的话，可以在onCreate()方法里面加上 StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy=new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy); 并在方法上加上@SuppressLint("NewApi")，重试，OK。
2、将网络访问放到单独线程中： package com.example.myandroidpro;
import java.io.File;
import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Looper; import android.os.Message; import android.os.StrictMode; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static String NAMESPACE = "http://service.cxf.test/"; // webService地址 private static String URL = "http://192.168.1.119:8080/CxfWebService/services/HelloService/";
private String method_name = null; private Button activity_main_btn1;
private int ANDROID_ACCESS_CXF_WEBSERVICES = 001; private Handler handler = new Handler(){ @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { String result = (String) msg.getData().get("result"); String obj = (String) msg.obj;// activity_main_btn1.setText("请求结果为："+result); } }; protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    File rootDirectory = Environment.getRootDirectory();//获取手机根目录 File storageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//获取SD卡根目录
for(File file : rootDirectory.listFiles()){    System.err.println(file.isDirectory()+","+file.getName()); }    findVIew();    activity_main_btn1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { Thread accessWebServiceThread = new Thread(new WebServiceHandler()); accessWebServiceThread.start(); } });    }
class WebServiceHandler implements Runnable{ @Override public void run() { Looper.prepare(); String result = sayHi("zxn"); Message message = new Message(); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString("result", result); message.what = ANDROID_ACCESS_CXF_WEBSERVICES;//设置消息标示 message.obj = "zxn"; message. setData(bundle);//消息内容 handler.sendMessage(message);//发送消息 Looper.loop(); }    }    private void findVIew() { activity_main_btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.activity_main_btn1);
}
private String sayHi(String name) { String result = null; // （1）指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名 method_name = "sayHi"; SoapObject soapObj = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, method_name); /** * （2）设置调用方法的参数值，如果没有参数，可以省略。要注意的是，参数必须和服务声明的@WebParam里面的变量名对应 */ soapObj.addProperty("name", name); // （3）生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope( SoapEnvelope.VER11); // envelope.bodyOut = rpc; envelope.dotNet = false; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObj); // （4）创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过AndroidHttpTransport类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(URL); try { // (5)使用call方法调用WebService方法 ht.call(null, envelope); // （6）使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果 if (envelope.getResponse() != null) { System.out.println(envelope.getResponse()); result = String.valueOf(envelope.getResponse()); Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) .show(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; }
} MainActivity的相应布局如下： xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity" >
android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> android:id="@+id/activity_main_tv1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello_world" />
android:id="@+id/activity_main_btn1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/test_for_cxf_webservice" /> 3、将网络访问放到异步任务AsyncTask中，代码如下： package com.example.myandroidpro;
import java.io.File;
import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;
import android.app.Activity; import android.os.AsyncTask; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static String NAMESPACE = "http://service.cxf.test/"; // webService地址 private static String URL = "http://192.168.1.119:8080/CxfWebService/services/HelloService/";
private String method_name = null; private Button activity_main_btn1;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    File rootDirectory = Environment.getRootDirectory();//获取手机根目录 File storageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();//获取SD卡根目录
for(File file : rootDirectory.listFiles()){    System.err.println(file.isDirectory()+","+file.getName()); }    findVIew();    activity_main_btn1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { accessWSAction(); }
private void accessWSAction() { new AsyncTask() { //在doInBackground 执行完成后，onPostExecute 方法将被UI 线程调用， // 后台的计算结果将通过该方法传递到UI 线程，并且在界面上展示给用户. protected void onPostExecute(Object result) { super.onPostExecute(result); activity_main_btn1.setText("请求结果为："+result);//可以更新UI }
//该方法运行在后台线程中，因此不能在该线程中更新UI，UI线程为主线程 protected Object doInBackground(String... params) { String result = sayHi("zxn"); // activity_main_btn1.setText("请求结果为："+result); return result; }
}.execute(); } }); }
private void findVIew() { activity_main_btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.activity_main_btn1);
}
private String sayHi(String name) { String result = null; // （1）指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名 method_name = "sayHi"; SoapObject soapObj = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, method_name); /** * （2）设置调用方法的参数值，如果没有参数，可以省略。要注意的是，参数必须和服务声明的@WebParam里面的变量名对应 */ soapObj.addProperty("name", name); // （3）生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope( SoapEnvelope.VER11); // envelope.bodyOut = rpc; envelope.dotNet = false; envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObj); // （4）创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过AndroidHttpTransport类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(URL); try { // (5)使用call方法调用WebService方法 ht.call(null, envelope); // （6）使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果 if (envelope.getResponse() != null) { System.out.println(envelope.getResponse()); result = String.valueOf(envelope.getResponse()); // Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) // .show(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result; }
}

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