Android 中使用代码动态网格布局
16lz
2021-01-23
Android 中使用代码动态网格布局
本文介绍在android中使用代码动态布局，有时候根据不同的需求，比如需要根据服务器上的条目个数来决定app中页面布局控件（显示个数，图标等）。此处介绍通过java代码进行动态布局。
一、效果图：
图片随便找的，将就将就吧
二、给出xml文件布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" > <!-- 此处标题栏可以自定义，因为每一个页面都有标题，返回，等等 --> <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/layout_titlebar" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="48dp" android:layout_marginBottom="20dp" android:background="#ed4255" > <TextView android:id="@+id/text_title" style="@style/Text.Title" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:text="业务功能介绍" /> </RelativeLayout> <!-- 子布局由代码动态生成 --> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/layout_more" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="4dp" /> </LinearLayout></ScrollView>
三、子条目xml布局文件
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="84dp" android:layout_weight="1.0" android:clickable="true" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/image_icon" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:duplicateParentState="true" android:src="@drawable/ic_department_01_normal" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/text_title" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|bottom" android:background="@null" android:layout_marginBottom="6dp" android:gravity="center" android:duplicateParentState="true" android:textColor="@drawable/text_service_color" android:textSize="14dp" /></FrameLayout>
如图：
四、java代码动态布局
/** * @author gao_chun * */public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{ private ViewGroup mMoreLayout; //父布局容器(动态加载的资源图片和文字等布局都将添加在其里面) /* (non-Javadoc) * @see app.ui.TitleActivity#onCreate(android.os.Bundle) */ @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); initUI(); //保证启动方法的唯一性 } private void initUI() { setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //找到该容器（这里的控件为LinearLayout，转换为ViewGroup是因为ViewGroup是容器的基类） mMoreLayout = (ViewGroup) findViewById(R.id.layout_more); //由于文字也是动态生成，使用android中array文件定义资源文件，并取出 final String[] categories = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.categories); final int size = categories.length; //String[]的长度 final int rowCount = size / 3; //需要布局的行数(每行三个) /** * 动态添加布局方法封装 * 参数 1.父容器 2.资源文字数组 3.从第几个开始 4.行数 */ fillViews(mMoreLayout, categories, 0, rowCount); } private void fillViews(ViewGroup layout, String[] categories, int start, int end) { // 表格第一条线 View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_horizonal, layout); for (int i = start; i < end; i++) { //找到索引，便于根据索引添加图片文件和文字 final int firstIndex = i * 3; final int secondIndex = i * 3 + 1; final int thirdIndex = i * 3 + 2; final String firstCategory = categories[firstIndex]; final String secondCategory = categories[secondIndex]; final String thirdCategory = categories[thirdIndex]; //这里控制的是加载本地图片，通过应用包命找到 有规则命名的图片资源文件 //--->因为这里有两种效果，一是默认的图片，二是按下触发后的图片和文字 final int firstDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal", firstIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); final int secondDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal", secondIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); final int thirdDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal", thirdIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); final int firstDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed", firstIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); final int secondDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed", secondIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); final int thirdDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed", thirdIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName()); //这里是将上面找到的 默认图片 和 按下时的图片 放入到 StateListDrawable缓存中 final StateListDrawable firstDrawable = new StateListDrawable(); firstDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(firstDrawablePressed)); firstDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(firstDrawableNormal)); final StateListDrawable secondDrawable = new StateListDrawable(); secondDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(secondDrawablePressed)); secondDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(secondDrawableNormal)); final StateListDrawable thirdDrawable = new StateListDrawable(); thirdDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(thirdDrawablePressed)); thirdDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(thirdDrawableNormal)); // 父布局 final LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this); // 第一个子布局 View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout); View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout); View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout); // 第二个子布局 View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout); View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout); // 第三个子布局 View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout); View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout); LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); layout.addView(linearLayout, layoutParams); // 表格最后一条线 View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_horizonal, layout); //根据索引getChildAt到指定的位置 final View firstView = linearLayout.getChildAt(1); firstView.setTag(firstCategory); //设置tag，便于在后面判断点击的哪一个 firstView.setOnClickListener(this); //设置点击 final TextView firstTextView = (TextView) firstView.findViewById(R.id.text_title); firstTextView.setText(firstCategory); //设置文字 final ImageView firstImageView = (ImageView) firstView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon); firstImageView.setImageDrawable(firstDrawable); //将之前缓存的图片设置出来 final View secondView = linearLayout.getChildAt(3); secondView.setTag(secondCategory); secondView.setOnClickListener(this); final TextView secondTextView = (TextView) secondView.findViewById(R.id.text_title); secondTextView.setText(secondCategory); final ImageView secondImageView = (ImageView) secondView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon); secondImageView.setImageDrawable(secondDrawable); final View thirdView = linearLayout.getChildAt(5); thirdView.setTag(thirdCategory); thirdView.setOnClickListener(this); final TextView thirdTextView = (TextView) thirdView.findViewById(R.id.text_title); thirdTextView.setText(thirdCategory); final ImageView thirdImageView = (ImageView) thirdView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon); thirdImageView.setImageDrawable(thirdDrawable); } } /* (non-Javadoc) * @see app.ui.TitleActivity#onClick(android.view.View) */ @Override public void onClick(View v) { final Object tag = v.getTag(); //通过之前setTag找到点击位置 if (tag != null) { String department = (String) tag; Toast.makeText(this, department, 0).show(); } // else ignored }} 在onClick事件中通过布局时设置的Tag找出用户点击的是哪一个具体的Layout
注：关于getResources().getIdentifier 方法可参考：http://blog.csdn.net/gao_chun/article/details/45891383
欢迎下载源码：http://download.csdn.net/download/gao_chun/8740979
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