1.什么是进程?

系统进行资源分配以及调度的基本单位,进程是线程的容器。

android:process创建一个进程。

android:":push",附加一个进程,私有进程。

android:"push" ,两个独立进程,全局进程。

进程有优先等级:前台进程,可见进程,服务进程,后台进程,空进程。

什么情况下使用多进程?由于进程之间相互独立,而线程不行,因此,当需要满足相互之间不影响,更安全的时候,就需要使用到多进程。而非多线程。

使用多进程时需要注意什么? 1.多进程之间内存不能共享。

2.没创建一个进程就就要跑一次Application的onCreate,因此要注意Activity的管理。

3.调试的时候去掉AndroidManifest.xml文件中Activity的android:process标签,这样保证调试状态下是在同一进程中,堆栈信息是连贯的,在调试 完成后记得复原该属性;通过打印进行调试,但这种效率比较低。

2.多进程之间的通信IPC。

IPC:inter precess communication messager:单线程,多进程的时候使用。 AIDL:多进程多线程,较为复杂的时候使用。 messager用法:(该部分引用tukangzheng的CSDN)
import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;public class MessageActivity extends Activity {private Button button01, button02, button03, button04, button05;private TextView textView;private Handler handler = new Handler(){@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif(msg.what == 3 || msg.what == 5){textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + ", 这是一个空消息");}else{textView.setText("what=" + msg.what + "," + msg.obj.toString());}}};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);button01 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);button02 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);button03 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button03);button04 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button04);button05 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button05);textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);button01.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubnew Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubMessage message = Message.obtain();message.what = 1;message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送消息";handler.sendMessage(message);}}).start();}});button02.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubnew Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubMessage message = Message.obtain(handler);message.what = 2;message.obj = "使用Message.sendToTarget发送消息";message.sendToTarget();}}).start();}});button03.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubnew Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubhandler.sendEmptyMessage(3);}}).start();}});button04.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubnew Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubMessage message = Message.obtain();message.what = 4;message.obj = "使用Message.Obtain+Hander.sendMessage()发送延迟消息";handler.sendMessageDelayed(message, 3000);}}).start();}});button05.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubnew Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubhandler.sendEmptyMessageAtTime(5, 3000);}}).start();}});}@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.message, menu);return true;}}

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">        <Button         android:id="@+id/button01"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/text01"/>        <Button         android:id="@+id/button02"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/text02"/>        <Button         android:id="@+id/button03"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/text03"/>        <Button         android:id="@+id/button04"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/text04"/>        <Button         android:id="@+id/button05"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="@string/text05"/>        <TextView         android:id="@+id/textView"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/></LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources>    <string name="app_name">MessageActivity</string>    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>        <string name="text01">用Handler.sendMessage发送消息</string><string name="text02">用Message.sendToTarget发送消息</string><string name="text03">发送空消息</string><string name="text04">用Handler.sendMessage发送延迟消息</string><string name="text05">发送延迟空消息</string></resources>


AIDL:android interface difinition lauguage,其用法为:这部分我也没弄太懂,建议参考http://blog.csdn.net/stonecao/article/details/6425019

3.深入Service.

service可以分为:Local和Remote ; 前台和后台 ; Start和Bind 。 关于Notification方法:
Create a Notification Builder Define the Notification's Action Set the Notification 's Click Behavior Issue the Notification 先new一个notification在new一个Pending Intent.

1 )得到 NotificationManager :
String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE;
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService( ns );
2 )创建一个新的 Notification 对象:
Notification notification = new Notification();
notification.icon = R.drawable.notification_icon;
// 也可以使用稍微复杂一些的方式创建 Notification :
int icon = R.drawable.notification_icon; 通知图标
CharSequence tickerText = "Hello"; // 状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示
long when = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 通知产生的时间,会在通知信息里显示
Notification notification = new Notification(icon, tickerText, when) ;
3 )填充 Notification 的各个属性:
Context context = getApplicationContext();
CharSequence contentTitle = "My notification";
CharSequence contentText = "Hello World!";
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MyClass.class);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,notificationIntent, 0);
notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, contentTitle, contentText, contentIntent);
Notification 提供了丰富的手机提示方式:
a) 在状态栏 (Status Bar) 显示的通知文本提示,如:
notification.tickerText = "hello";
b) 发出提示音,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:/ sdcard /notification/ringer.mp3");
notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
c) 手机振动,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300};
notification.vibrate = vibrate ;
d)LED 灯闪烁,如:
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00;
notification.ledOnMS = 300;
notification.ledOffMS = 1000;
notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;
e) 添加 remote view
通过 RemoteViews 设置 notification 中 View 的属性
notification.contentView = new RemoteViews(getApplication().getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_dialog);
notification.contentView.setProgressBar(R.id.pb, 100, 0, false);
notification.contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv, " 进度 " + _progress+ "%");
4 )发送通知:
private static final int ID_NOTIFICATION = 1;
mNotificationManager.notify(ID_NOTIFICATION, notification);




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