android 实现自定义键盘的实例

一、概述

android有各种输入法和键盘。但在某些特定场景中，需要自定义键盘布局，例如乱序键盘、输入指定字串的键盘等。在此，以实现输入身份证号的自定义键盘为例，简述android实现自定义软键盘。

二、实战

1、编写键盘xml布局文件 symbols.xml

其中，android:code=" 按键所对应值的ascii码 "

android:keyLabel=" 按键上显示的字符 "

android:keyIcon="按键上显示的图标"

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:horizontalGap="0px"    android:keyHeight="50dp"    android:keyWidth="33.333333333333%p"    android:verticalGap="0px">                        android:codes="49"            android:keyLabel="1" />                    android:codes="50"            android:keyLabel="2" />                    android:codes="51"            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"            android:keyLabel="3" />                            android:codes="52"            android:keyLabel="4" />                    android:codes="53"            android:keyLabel="5" />                    android:codes="54"            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"            android:keyLabel="6" />                            android:codes="55"            android:keyLabel="7" />                    android:codes="56"            android:keyLabel="8" />                    android:codes="57"            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"            android:keyLabel="9" />                            android:codes="88"            android:keyLabel="X" />                    android:codes="48"            android:keyLabel="0" />                    android:codes="-5"            android:isRepeatable="true"            android:keyIcon="@drawable/delete_img" />

2、编写调用自定义键盘的布局文件 board_show_layout.xml

在需要调用第三方键盘的layout中，添加自定义的键盘

在此，自定义键盘的id我设为 kewboard_vew

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">            android:id="@+id/et_soft"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />            android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content">                    android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"            android:background="@color/white"            android:focusable="true"            android:focusableInTouchMode="true"            android:keyTextColor="@color/new_color_1"            android:keyTextSize="25sp"            android:shadowColor="@color/white"            android:shadowRadius="0.0"            android:visibility="gone" />

3、编写自定义键盘类，实现按键的监听

自定义按键类的构造方法需要传入调用自定义键盘的activity，上下文，对应的编辑框

public class SoftBoard {       private Activity act;   private Context ctx;    private KeyboardView keyboardView;    private Keyboard k;    private EditText ed;    //构造方法    public SoftBoard(Activity act, Context ctx, EditText edit) {               this.act = act;        this.ctx = ctx;       this.ed = edit;        //将自定义的键盘布局symbols.xml填充到Keyboard布局中        k = new Keyboard(ctx, R.xml.symbols);        keyboardView = (KeyboardView) act.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);        keyboardView.setKeyboard(k);                keyboardView.setEnabled(true);        //启用或禁用按键按下后 放大弹出的按键阅览        keyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);        //设置按键监听        keyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);      }        private OnKeyboardActionListener listener = new OnKeyboardActionListener() {               @Override        public void swipeUp() {        }             @Override        public void swipeRight() {          }             @Override        public void swipeLeft() {          }             @Override        public void swipeDown() {          }             @Override        public void onText(CharSequence text) {        }             @Override        public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {          }             @Override        public void onPress(int primaryCode) {          }                          @Override        public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {                  Editable editable = ed.getText();                int start = ed.getSelectionStart();                  if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE) {// 回退                        if (editable != null && editable.length() > 0) {                                  if (start > 0) {                                          editable.delete(start - 1, start);                                  }                          }                   } else { //将要输入的数字现在编辑框中                                 editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));                 }           }          };             //显示自定义键盘    public void showKeyboard() {         //InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) act.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);      //imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(act.getCurrentFocus().getWindowToken(), InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);        int visibility = keyboardView.getVisibility();          if (visibility == View.GONE || visibility == View.INVISIBLE) {            keyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        }          keyboardView.bringToFront();    }         //隐藏自定义键盘    public void hideKeyboard(){       int visibility = keyboardView.getVisibility();          if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {            keyboardView.setVisibility(View.GONE);        }      }        //自定义键盘是否显示    public boolean isShowing(){       return keyboardView.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;    }}

4、调用自定义键盘

1、在所需要调用自定义的activity的布局文件（步骤2中的 board_show_layout.xml）中，写入自定义键盘控件

2、在activity的类文件中调用自定义键盘

public class SoftBoardActivity extends Activity{    private EditText mEt;    private SoftBoard id_keyboard;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.soft_show_layout);        findView();    }    private void findView(){        mEt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_soft);        id_keyboard = new SoftBoard(SoftBoardActivity.this,this,mEt);        id_keyboard.showKeyboard();        mEt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                if(!id_keyboard.isShowing())                    id_keyboard.showKeyboard();            }        });        //反射解决光标跳转问题        Class  cls = EditText.class;        try{            Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod("setShowSoftInputOnFocus",boolean.class);            setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(false);            setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(mEt,false);        }catch (NoSuchMethodException e){        }catch (IllegalAccessException e){        }catch (IllegalArgumentException e){        }catch (InvocationTargetException e){        }    }    //返回键隐藏键盘    @Override    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && id_keyboard != null && id_keyboard.isShowing()){            id_keyboard.hideKeyboard();            return true;        }        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);    }}

android 实现自定义键盘的实例_第1张图片