Android学习笔记 - 控件篇 - android

1.控件常用的属性
android:id //控件ID
android:text //控件显示的文本
android:grivity //控件内容位置 top bottom left right center_vertical
android:textSize //字体大小
android:background //背景颜色（RGB，如：#aa0000）
android:width //控件宽度
android:height //控件高度
android:padding //控件内边距大小
android:paddingLeft
android:paddingRight
android:paddingTop
android:paddingBottom
android:sigleLine //单行模式（true / false）
android:layout_weight //占容器大小权重（比例）

2.TextView

文本浏览控件，相当于Label，用于显示文本信息

android:id：控件ID
android:text：文本控件中的内容

3.Button：按钮
android:id：控件ID（@+id/myTextView）
android:layout_width：fill_parent
android:layout_height：wrap_content

4.EditText：相当于TextBox，用于编辑文本信息
获取文本框中的内容：txt.getText().toString();

5.Menu：菜单，点击菜单键后弹出的选项菜单

@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {menu.add(0, 1, 1, R.string.exit); //组ID，项ID，排序ID，文字menu.add(0, 2, 2, R.string.about);return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {if(item.getItemId() == 1){finish(); //表示结束应用程序}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}

6.单选框：RadioGroup / RadioButton
一个RadioGroup包括多个RadioButton，用于分组，与HTML一样

rgroupSex.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {if (rbtnMale.getId() == checkedId) {Toast.makeText(Control1Activity.this, "亲，你是男的喔！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}});

7.复选框：CheckBox

chkRead.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {if(isChecked){Toast.makeText(Control1Activity.this, "亲，我也喜欢读书哈~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}});

8.提示信息：Toast
一种消息提示的方式，会在屏幕下方中间显示出一段小提示文本

Toast.makeText(Control1Activity.this, "亲，我也喜欢读书哈~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

9.进度条：ProgressBar
//相关属性
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal" //水平进度条
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyle" //圆形进度图，无法显示进行的状态（百分比）
android:max="200" //进度条最大值，默认为100
android:visibility="gone" //不可见

progeressBar.setMax(123); //进度条最大值progeressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); //将进度条设置为可见progeressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE); //将进度条设置为不可见progeressBar.SetProgress(int); //进度条进度（颜色较深）progeressBar.SetSecondaryProgress(int); //进度条第二进度（颜色较浅）

10.列表：ListView
//布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <ListView         android:id="@id/android:list"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"      android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"        android:scrollbars="vertical"        android:padding="5px" /></LinearLayout>

//列表需要继承 ListActivity

public class Control2Activity extends ListActivity {@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.control2);// 组织一下数据源ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();HashMap<String, String> hm1 = new HashMap<String, String>();hm1.put("userName", "张三");hm1.put("userAccount", "ZhengYongQiang");list.add(hm1);HashMap<String, String> hm2 = new HashMap<String, String>();hm2.put("userName", "李四");hm2.put("userAccount", "WengJiaXiong");list.add(hm2);HashMap<String, String> hm3 = new HashMap<String, String>();hm3.put("userName", "王五");hm3.put("userAccount", "LiLiXiang");list.add(hm3);// 绑定数据源SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, list,R.layout.control2list,new String[] { "userName", "userAccount" }, new int[] {R.id.lblUserName, R.id.lblUserAccount });setListAdapter(adapter);ListView lv = getListView();lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> av, View v, int pos, long id) {Toast.makeText(Control2Activity.this, "亲，你点击了：" + id, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});}}

11.Spinner的基本使用方法
1.布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <Spinner        android:id="@+id/ddlCity"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></LinearLayout>

2.在string.xml创建一个数组

<string-array name="array_count"><item>1</item><item>2</item></string-array>

3.代码绑定

public class SpinnerActivity extends Activity {Spinner ddlCity = null;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.spinner);ddlCity = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.ddlCity);ddlCity.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int position, long id) {Toast.makeText(SpinnerActivity.this, "亲，你选择了" + adapterView.getItemAtPosition(position).toString(), 3000).show();}public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {Toast.makeText(SpinnerActivity.this, "亲，你先一个吧！", 3000).show();}});// 第一种方法：通过string.xml中的数组创建// ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(SpinnerActivity.this,// R.array.array_city, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);// 第二种方法：通过一个List动态加载数据List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();list.add("福州");list.add("漳州");list.add("厦门");ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(SpinnerActivity.this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, list);// 设置下拉列表样式adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);ddlCity.setAdapter(adapter);ddlCity.setPrompt("请选择城市：");}}

12.DatePicker和DatePickerDialog的基本使用
//布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <TextView            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="@string/remindDate" />        <EditText            android:id="@+id/txtDate"            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:inputType="date" />    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <TextView            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="@string/remindTime" />        <EditText            android:id="@+id/txtTime"            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:inputType="time" />    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

//编码

public class PickerActivity extends Activity {EditText txtDate = null;EditText txtTime = null;private static final int DIALOG_DATE_ID = 1;private static final int DIALOG_TIME_ID = 2;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.picker);txtDate = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtDate);txtTime = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtTime);txtDate.setOnFocusChangeListener(new OnFocusChangeListener() {public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {if (hasFocus)showDialog(DIALOG_DATE_ID);}});txtTime.setOnFocusChangeListener(new OnFocusChangeListener() {public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {if (hasFocus)showDialog(DIALOG_TIME_ID);}});ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.activity_list_item, REMIND_LIST);txtRemind.setAdapter(adapter);}DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener onDateSetListener = new OnDateSetListener() {public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear, int dayOfMonth) {txtDate.setText(year + "-" + (monthOfYear + 1) + "-" + dayOfMonth);}};TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener onTimeSetListener = new OnTimeSetListener() {public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {txtTime.setText(hourOfDay + ":" + minute);}};@Overrideprotected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {switch (id) {case DIALOG_DATE_ID:new DatePickerDialog(this, onDateSetListener, 2012, 1, 14).show();break;case DIALOG_TIME_ID:new TimePickerDialog(this, onTimeSetListener, 13, 14, true).show();break;}return super.onCreateDialog(id);}}

13.AutoCompleteTextView的基本使用
//布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <TextView            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="@string/remindText" />        <AutoCompleteTextView            android:id="@+id/txtRemind"            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

//编码

public class PickerActivity extends Activity {AutoCompleteTextView txtRemind = null;private static final String[] REMIND_LIST = new String[] {"闹钟模式", "节日提醒", "会议提醒", "特殊提醒","ClockRemind", "DayRemind", "MeetingRemind", "OtherRemind"};@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.picker);txtDate = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtDate);txtTime = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtTime);txtRemind = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.txtRemind);ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.activity_list_item, REMIND_LIST);txtRemind.setAdapter(adapter);}}

14.ExpandableListActivity的基本使用方法
1.在布局文件中声明对象

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <ExpandableListView        android:id="@id/android:list"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:drawSelectorOnTop="false" />    <TextView        android:id="@id/android:empty"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:text="No Data" /></LinearLayout>

2.在而已文件中声明group的样式group.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="horizontal" >    <TextView         android:id="@+id/lblExpListGroup"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:layout_marginLeft="40dp"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"        android:textSize="20dp" />    </LinearLayout>

3.在而已文件当中声明子项的样式child.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="horizontal" >    <TextView         android:id="@+id/lblExpListItem"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"        android:textSize="16dp" /></LinearLayout>

4.创建一个Activity，继承ExpandableListActivity
5.为group创建数据
6.为child创建数据
7.绑定数据

public class ExpListActivity extends ExpandableListActivity {@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.explist);//列表组数据List<Map<String, String>> groups = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();Map<String, String> group1 = new HashMap<String, String>();group1.put("name", "列表组1");groups.add(group1);Map<String, String> group2 = new HashMap<String, String>();group2.put("name", "列表组2");groups.add(group2);//列表组1数据List<Map<String, String>> item1 = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();Map<String, String> item11 = new HashMap<String, String>();item11.put("name", "列表组1子项1");item1.add(item11);Map<String, String> item12 = new HashMap<String, String>();item12.put("name", "列表组1子项2");item1.add(item12);//列表组2数据List<Map<String, String>> item2 = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();Map<String, String> item21 = new HashMap<String, String>();item21.put("name", "列表组2子项1");item2.add(item21);Map<String, String> item22 = new HashMap<String, String>();item22.put("name", "列表组2子项2");item2.add(item22);//列表项数据List<List<Map<String,String>>> items = new ArrayList<List<Map<String,String>>>();items.add(item1);items.add(item2);//创建适配器SimpleExpandableListAdapter adapter = new SimpleExpandableListAdapter(ExpListActivity.this, groups, R.layout.explistgroup, new String[] { "name" }, new int[] { R.id.lblExpListGroup },items, R.layout.explistitem, new String[] { "name" }, new int[] { R.id.lblExpListItem });//绑定setListAdapter(adapter);}}

15.SeekBar的基本使用方法
进度条，可滑动，设置音量、音乐进度等

1.在布局文件中声明

<SeekBarandroid:id="@+id/sbar"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

2.定义一个监听器

private class SeekBarListener implements SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener{@Override //滑块改变触发public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser){System.out.println("Changed : " + progress);}@Override //滑块开始改变时触发public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar){System.out.println("Start : " + seekBar.getProgress());}@Override //滑块停止改变时触发public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar){System.out.println("Stop : " + seekBar.getProgress());}}

3.实例

seekBar = (SeekBar)findViewById(R.id.sbar);seekBar.setMax(100); //设置最大进度seekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBarListener()); //绑定事件

16.RatingBar的基本使用方法
打分条，几个五角星，可以供用户打分

1.在布局文件中声明

<RatingBarandroid:id="@+id/rbar"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:numStars="5"android:stepSize="1.0" />

2.定义一个监听器

private class RatingBarListener implements RatingBar.OnRatingBarChangeListener{@Overridepublic void onRatingChanged(RatingBar ratingBar, float rating, boolean fromUser){System.out.println("rating : " + rating);}}

3.绑定

ratingBar.setOnRatingBarChangeListener(new RatingBarListener());

Android学习笔记 - 控件篇

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