MySQL5.7不停业务将传统复制变更为GTID复制的实例

由于GTID的优势，我们需要将传统基于file-pos的复制更改为基于GTID的复制，如何在线变更成为我们关心的一个点，如下为具体的方法：

目前我们有一个传统复制下的M-S结构：

port 3301 master

port 3302 slave

master上（3301）：[zejin] 3301>select * from t_users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | hao || 2 | zhou |+----+------+rows in set (0.00 sec)  slave上（3302）：[zejin] 3302>show slave status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.1.240Master_User: replMaster_Port: 3301Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: binlog57.000002Read_Master_Log_Pos: 417Relay_Log_File: zejin240-relay-bin.000004Relay_Log_Pos: 628Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog57.000002Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno: 0Last_Error:Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 417Relay_Log_Space: 884Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error:Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error:Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:Master_Server_Id: 3301Master_UUID: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3fMaster_Info_File: /home/mysql/I3302/master.infoSQL_Delay: 0SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULLSlave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updatesMaster_Retry_Count: 86400Master_Bind:Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:Master_SSL_Crl:Master_SSL_Crlpath:Retrieved_Gtid_Set:Executed_Gtid_Set:Auto_Position: 0Replicate_Rewrite_DB:Channel_Name:Master_TLS_Version:row in set (0.00 sec) [zejin] 3302>select * from t_users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | hao || 2 | zhou |+----+------+rows in set (0.00 sec)

前提：

1.要求所有的mysql版本5.7.6或更高的版本。

2.目前拓扑结构中所有的mysql的gtid_mode的值为off状态。

3.如下的操作步骤都是有序的，不要跳跃着进行。

补充一下全局系统变量GTID_MODE变量值说明：

OFF 新事务是非GTID, Slave只接受不带GTID的事务，传送来GTID的事务会报错

OFF_PERMISSIVE 新事务是非GTID, Slave即接受不带GTID的事务也接受带GTID的事务

ON_PERMISSIVE 新事务是GTID, Slave即接受不带GTID的事务也接受带GTID的事务

ON 新事务是GTID, Slave只接受带GTID的事务

需要注意的是，这几个值的改变是有顺序的，即

off<--->OFF_PERMISSIVE<--->ON_PERMISSIVE<--->ON

不能跳跃执行，会报错。

step1:在每个mysql实例上，将ENFORCE_GTID_CONSISTENCY设置为warning，哪台先执行不影响结果。

[zejin] 3302>set @@global.enforce_gtid_consistency=warn;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)[zejin] 3301>set @@global.enforce_gtid_consistency=warn;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

step2：在每个mysql实例上，设置ENFORCE_GTID_CONSISTENCY为ON,哪台先执行不影响结果

在第一步完成后，就可以将值设置为on。

[zejin] 3301>set @@global.enforce_gtid_consistency=on;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) [zejin] 3302>set @@global.enforce_gtid_consistency=on;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[zejin] 3301>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = OFF_PERMISSIVE;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) [zejin] 3302>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = OFF_PERMISSIVE;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[zejin] 3302>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = on_permissive;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)[zejin] 3301>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = on_permissive;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

[zejin] 3301>SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ONGOING_ANONYMOUS_TRANSACTION_COUNT';+-------------------------------------+-------+| Variable_name      | Value |+-------------------------------------+-------+| Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count | 0  |+-------------------------------------+-------+row in set (0.02 sec)  [zejin] 3302>SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ONGOING_ANONYMOUS_TRANSACTION_COUNT';+-------------------------------------+-------+| Variable_name      | Value |+-------------------------------------+-------+| Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count | 0  |+-------------------------------------+-------+row in set (0.02 sec)

step6: 确保所有的匿名事务（非GTID事务）已经被完全复制到所有的server上。

检查方法：

在master上：[zejin] 3301>show master status;+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File   | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| binlog57.000005 |  154 |    |     |     |+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+row in set (0.00 sec)  在slave上， [zejin] 3302>show slave status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************……  Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog57.000005   Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154……

或者等于Relay_Master_Log_File等于binlog57.000005并且Exec_Master_Log_Pos的值大于等于154即可

或者slave直接用函数：

[zejin] 3302>SELECT MASTER_POS_WAIT('binlog57.000005', 154);+-----------------------------------------+| MASTER_POS_WAIT('binlog57.000005', 154) |+-----------------------------------------+|          0 |+-----------------------------------------+row in set (0.00 sec)

step7: 确认整个拓扑结构中已经没有匿名事务的存在，如之前产生的所有匿名事务已经全部被执行完毕，甚至二进制日志中也不要有匿名事务，可以通过flush logs，并让mysql来自动清理旧的二进制日志文件。

step8: 在每个mysql实例上，设置GTID_MODE为on，

[zejin] 3301>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = ON;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) [zejin] 3302>SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_MODE = ON;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

验证：

[zejin] 3301>insert into t_users values(3,'chen');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)[zejin] 3301>update t_users set name='li' where id=1;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0[zejin] 3301>select * from t_users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | li || 2 | zhou || 3 | chen |+----+------+rows in set (0.00 sec)  [zejin] 3302>show slave status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event     Master_Host: 192.168.1.240     Master_User: repl     Master_Port: 3301    Connect_Retry: 60    Master_Log_File: binlog57.000006   Read_Master_Log_Pos: 462    Relay_Log_File: zejin240-relay-bin.000012    Relay_Log_Pos: 673  Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog57.000006    Slave_IO_Running: Yes   Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    Replicate_Do_DB:    Replicate_Ignore_DB:    Replicate_Do_Table:   Replicate_Ignore_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:      Last_Errno: 0     Last_Error:      Skip_Counter: 0   Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 462    Relay_Log_Space: 969    Until_Condition: None    Until_Log_File:     Until_Log_Pos: 0   Master_SSL_Allowed: No   Master_SSL_CA_File:    Master_SSL_CA_Path:     Master_SSL_Cert:    Master_SSL_Cipher:     Master_SSL_Key:   Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No    Last_IO_Errno: 0    Last_IO_Error:     Last_SQL_Errno: 0    Last_SQL_Error:  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:     Master_Server_Id: 3301     Master_UUID: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f    Master_Info_File: /home/mysql/I3302/master.info     SQL_Delay: 0   SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL  Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates   Master_Retry_Count: 86400     Master_Bind:   Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:   Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:     Master_SSL_Crl:    Master_SSL_Crlpath:    Retrieved_Gtid_Set: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-2   Executed_Gtid_Set: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-2    Auto_Position: 0   Replicate_Rewrite_DB:      Channel_Name:    Master_TLS_Version: row in set (0.00 sec)

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