Django 使用Celery处理异步任务

本实验通过Django 异步发送邮件作为示例

a.Celery实际上是生产者消费者模型来实现异步的:

b.实验所需组件：
1) Django
2) Celery
3) Redis

2.实验代码
a.启动redis-server

#./redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf#cat /etc/redis/redis.confbind 192.168.60.72port 6379daemonize yesdbfilename dump.rdbdir /var/lib/redislogfile "/var/log/redis/redis-server.log"#ss -antlp | grep 6379LISTEN     0      128    192.168.60.72:6379                     *:*                   users:(("redis-server",pid=77880,fd=6))

b.配置Django

#django-admin startproject send_mail_prj#cd send_mail_prj#django-admin startapp app01创建Celery相关文件:├─manage.py│├─app01│  │  admin.py│  │  apps.py│  │  models.py│  │  tests.py│  │  urls.py│  │  utils.py│  │  views.py│  ├─__init__.py│├─celery_tasks  //创建如下文件│  │  config.py│  │  main.py│  │  __init__.py│  ││  ├─sms│     │  tasks.py│     └─__init__.py│   │└─send_mail_prj    │  asgi.py    │  settings.py    │  urls.py    │  wsgi.py    │─ __init__.py

#celery_tasks.init.py为空

#celery_tasks.config.py

# Celery 配置文件broker_url = 'redis://192.168.60.72/10'

#celery_tasks.main.py

# celery入口from celery import Celery# 初始化celery实例celery_app = Celery('send_mail')# 加载celery配置celery_app.config_from_object('celery_tasks.config')# 注册任务celery_app.autodiscover_tasks(['celery_tasks.sms'])

#celery_tasks.sms.init.py 为空

#celery_tasks.sms.tasks.py

from celery_tasks.main import celery_appfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextimport smtplib# 定义异步任务@celery_app.task(name='send_mail')def sendEmail():    # 设置服务器所需信息    # 163邮箱服务器地址    mail_host = 'smtp.163.com'    # 163用户名    mail_user = 'yxxxx5'    # 密码(部分邮箱为授权码)    mail_pass = 'KIMxxxxxxxxxxxZ'    # 邮件发送方邮箱地址    sender = 'yxxxx5@163.com'    # 邮件接受方邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发    receivers = ['yxxxx5@163.com']    # 设置email信息    # 邮件内容设置    message = MIMEText('dear frank, sdfsdfsdfasfdsdfsfwetrwre', 'plain', 'utf-8')    # 邮件主题    message['Subject'] = 'hi fxxxg sir sdfsfsdfasf'    # 发送方信息    message['From'] = sender    # 接受方信息    message['To'] = receivers[0]    # 登录并发送邮件    try:        smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()        # 连接到服务器        smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)        # 登录到服务器        smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)        # 发送        smtpObj.sendmail(            sender, receivers, message.as_string())        # 退出        smtpObj.quit()        return ('success')    except smtplib.SMTPException as e:        print('error', e)  # 打印错误

3.Django写视图函数和配置URL
#app01.views.py

from django.http import HttpRequest, HttpResponse# 导入异步任务from celery_tasks.sms.tasks import sendEmail# Create your views here.def register(request):    # 发送邮件    sendEmail.delay()    return HttpResponse('hello')

#app01.urls.py

from django.conf.urls import urlfrom . import  viewsurlpatterns = [    url(r'register/$', views.register, name='register'),]

#send_mail_prj.urls.py

from django.contrib import adminfrom django.urls import pathfrom django.conf.urls import url, includeurlpatterns = [    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'^', include('app01.urls')),]

4.启动Celery
#cd send_mail_prj
#celery -A celery_tasks.main worker -l info
#celery -A celery_tasks.main worker -l info -P eventlet //windows下面需要添加-P eventlet

5.启动django
#cd send_mail_prj
#python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80

6.访问127.0.0.1/register/

实验完成。

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