主辅及智能DNS实现与MySQL5.7.32编译安装
16lz
2021-03-25
[主辅及智能DNS实现与MySQL5.7.32编译安装]()
一、DNS服务原理
DNS服务原理
当前TCP/IP网络中的设备之间进行通信，是利用和依赖于IP地址实现的。而人们在使用网络资源的时，那种由文字组成的资源名称，更容易记忆和使用，但是计算机不理解这种名称。DNS( Domain Name System)名字解析服务，能够将人们使用的名称翻译成（解析）成计算机能够理解的IP地址，从而解决了此问题。
DNS：Domain Name System 域名系统，应用层协议，是互联网的一项服务。它作为将域名和IP地址相互映射的一个分布式数据库，包含各种资源记录。从域名到IP地址的解析是由分布在因特网上的许多域名服务器程序共同完成的，因为因特网规模很大，所以整个因特网只使用一个域名服务器是不可行的，早在1983年因特网开始采用层次树状结构的命名方法。
一个DNS服务器所负责管辖(或有权限)的范围叫做区(zone)，需要根据具体情况来划分管辖范围的区。在一个区中的所有节点必须是能够连通的，每一个区设置相应的权限域名服务器，用来保存该区中的所有主机到域名IP地址的映射。DNS服务器的管辖范围不都是以“域”为单位，有时是以“区”为单位，区 <= 域。
上图中假定abc公司有下属部门x和y，部门x下面有分三个分布们u,v,w，而y下面还有下属部门t。图a表示abc公司只设一个区abc.com。这时区abc.com和域abc.com指的是同一件事。但图b表示abc公司划分为两个区：abc.com和y.abc.com。这两个区都隶属于域abc.com，都各设置了相应的权限域名服务器。不难看出，区是域的子集。
区域解析库：由众多RR组成：
- 资源记录：Resource Record, RR，定义的格式：
name [TTL] IN rr_type value - 记录类型：A, AAAA, PTR, SOA, NS, CNAME, MX，TXT
- SOA：Start Of Authority，起始授权记录；一个区域解析库有且仅能有一个SOA记录，必须位于解析库的第一条记录
- A：internet Address，作用，FQDN --> IP
- AAAA：FQDN --> IPv6
- PTR：PoinTeR，IP --> FQDN
- NS：Name Server，专用于标明当前区域的DNS服务器
- CNAME ： Canonical Name，别名记录
- MX：Mail eXchanger，邮件交换器
- TXT：对域名进行标识和说明的一种方式，一般做验证记录时会使用此项，如：SPF（反垃圾邮件）记录，https验证等
DNS 查询的过程如下图：
- 在浏览器中输入www.qq.com域名，操作系统会先检查自己本地的hosts文件是否有这个网址映射关系，如果有，就使用这个IP地址映射，完成域名解析。
- 如果hosts里没有这个域名的映射，则查找本地DNS解析器缓存，是否有这个网址映射关系，如果有，直接返回，完成域名解析。
- 如果hosts与本地DNS解析器缓存都没有相应的网址映射关系，首先会找TCP/ip参数中设置的首选DNS服务器，在此我们叫它本地DNS服务器，此服务器收到查询时，如果要查询的域名，包含在本地配置区域资源中，则返回解析结果给客户机，完成域名解析，此解析具有权威性。
- 如果要查询的域名，不由本地DNS服务器区域解析，但该服务器已缓存了此网址映射关系，则调用这个IP地址映射，完成域名解析，此解析不具有权威性。
- 如果本地DNS服务器本地区域文件与缓存解析都失效，则根据本地DNS服务器的设置（是否设置转发器）进行查询，如果未用转发模式，本地DNS就把请求发至13台根DNS，根DNS服务器收到请求后会判断这个域名(.com)是谁来授权管理，并会返回一个负责该顶级域名服务器的一个IP。本地DNS服务器收到IP信息后，将会联系负责.com域的这台服务器。这台负责.com域的服务器收到请求后，如果自己无法解析，它就会找一个管理.com域的下一级DNS服务器地址(qq.com)给本地DNS服务器。当本地DNS服务器收到这个地址后，就会找qq.com域服务器，重复上面的动作，进行查询，直至找到www.qq.com主机。
- 如果用的是转发模式，此DNS服务器就会把请求转发至上一级DNS服务器，由上一级服务器进行解析，上一级服务器如果不能解析，或找根DNS或把转请求转至上上级，以此循环。不管是本地DNS服务器用是是转发，还是根提示，最后都是把结果返回给本地DNS服务器，由此DNS服务器再返回给客户机。
二、搭建主辅DNS服务
2.1 测试环境：
| DNS Maste | DNS Slave | httpd |
|---|---|---|
| 系统版本：CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) | 系统版本：CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) | 系统版本：CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core) |
| 软件：bind-32:9.11.20-5.el8_3.1.x86_64 | 软件：bind-32:9.11.20-5.el8_3.1.x86_64 | 软件：httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos |
| IP：172.20.200.201 | IP：172.20.200.202 | IP：172.20.200.131 |
2.2 Maste端安装配置bind为www.dongbei.org解析
[root@master ~]#yum install -y bind#编辑bind主配置文件[root@master ~]# vim /etc/named.conf options {// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; #注释掉// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; #注释掉 directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots"; recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing"; allow-query {172.20.200.0/24 ; }; #允许172.20.200网段查询 dnssec-enable no; #关闭 dnssec-validation no; #关闭#编辑include配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones，增加dongbei.org.zone[root@master ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zoneszone "dongbei.org" IN { type master; file "dongbei.org.zone";}; #创建dongbei.org.zone文件[root@master ~]# cp -p /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/dongbei.org.zone[root@master ~]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone$TTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS mastermaster A 172.20.200.201www A 172.20.200.131 [root@master named]# chown named:named /var/named/dongbei.org.zone[root@master named]# named-checkconf[root@master var]# named-checkzone dognbei.org /var/named/dongbei.org.zone zone dognbei.org/IN: loaded serial 0OK[root@master named]# systemctl enable --now namedCreated symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service.2.3 httpd端安装配置
[root@localhost ~]# yum instal -y httpd[root@localhost ~]# echo www.dongbei.org > /var/www/html/index.html[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd2.4 验证Master解析www.dongbei.org
[root@slave ~]# host www.dongbei.org 172.20.200.201Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.201Address: 172.20.200.201#53Aliases: www.dongbei.org is an alias for websrv.dongbei.org.websrv.dongbei.org has address 172.20.200.131[root@slave ~]# 2.5 为增加slaver端调整master端配置
#named主配置[root@master etc]# vim /etc/named.conf options {// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots"; recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing"; allow-query {172.20.200.0/24 ; }; allow-transfer {172.20.200.202;}; #允许slaver进行区域传输#区域数据文件[root@master etc]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone $TTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 1 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS master NS slaver #增加slaver记录 master A 172.20.200.201slaver A 172.20.200.202 #增加slaver记录 www A 172.20.200.131#master端读取调整后的配置文件[root@master etc]# rndc reloadserver reload successful2.6 Slave端安装配置bind
[root@slave ~]# yum install -y bindoptions {// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots"; recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing"; allow-query { 172.20.200.0/24; }; allow-transfer {none;}; #不允许区域传送 dnssec-enable no; dnssec-validation no;[root@slave ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zoneszone "dongbei.org" IN { type slave; file "slaves/dongbei.org"; masters {172.20.200.201;};}; [root@slave slaves]# named-checkconf[root@slave slaves]# systemctl enable --now namedCreated symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service.[root@slave slaves]# ls /var/named/slaves/dongbei.org2.7 验证slaver端是否正常解析
[root@slave ~]# host www.dongbei.org 172.20.200.202Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.202Address: 172.20.200.202#53Aliases: www.dongbei.org has address 172.20.200.131[root@slave ~]# 2.8 验证主辅之间数据同步
#在master端增加A记录[root@master etc]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone$TTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 5 ; serial #手动增加版本号 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS master NS slavermaster A 172.20.200.201slaver A 172.20.200.202www A 172.20.200.131web1 CNAME www #新增加web2 A 172.20.200.202 #新增加web3 A 1.1.1.1 #新增加[root@master etc]# rndc reloadserver reload successful#用master端查询[root@master etc]# host web2.dongbei.org 172.20.200.201Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.201Address: 172.20.200.201#53Aliases: web2.dongbei.org has address 172.20.200.202[root@master etc]# host web3.dongbei.org 172.20.200.201Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.201Address: 172.20.200.201#53Aliases: web3.dongbei.org has address 1.1.1.1#用slaver端查询[root@master etc]# host web2.dongbei.org 172.20.200.202Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.202Address: 172.20.200.202#53Aliases: web2.dongbei.org has address 172.20.200.202[root@master etc]# host web3.dongbei.org 172.20.200.202Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.202Address: 172.20.200.202#53Aliases: web3.dongbei.org has address 1.1.1.1三、搭建并实现智能DNS
3.1 测试环境
| DNS Server | Client |
|---|---|
| 系统版本：CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) | 系统版本：CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) |
| 软件：bind-32:9.11.20-5.el8_3.1.x86_64 | 工具：host |
| IP：172.20.200.201 192.168.16.130 192.168.17.130 | IP：172.20.200.202 192.168.16.129 192.168.17.129 |
| 172.20.200.0/24 Vmnet0网段 192.168.16.0 /24 Vmnet1网段192.168.17.0/24 Vmnet2网段 | 172.20.200.0/24 Vmnet0网段 192.168.16.0 /24 Vmnet1网段192.168.17.0/24 Vmnet2网段 |
3.2 DNS Server配置
#DNS Server网络IP[root@master ~]# ifconfigeth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.20.200.201 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.20.255.255 inet6 fe80::d345:3753:82b4:4e14 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> inet6 fe80::8d83:991b:3df5:2457 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:ee:87:6a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 432 bytes 41265 (40.2 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 287 bytes 27866 (27.2 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:0c:29:ee:87:74 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 177 bytes 16889 (16.4 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 18 bytes 1444 (1.4 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 10 bytes 750 (750.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 10 bytes 750 (750.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0#更改/etc/named.conf acl dongbeinet { 172.20.200.0/24; }; acl huabeinet { 192.168.16.0/24; }; acl othernet { any; }; view dongbeiview { match-clients { dongbeinet;}; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.db"; }; view shanghaiview { match-clients { huabeinet;}; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.hb"; }; view otherview { match-clients { othernet;}; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other"; };options {// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; allow-query {any; }; #允许所有客户端查询 allow-transfer {172.20.200.202;}; dnssec-enable no; dnssec-validation no;#使用了view就不能使用zones // zone "." IN {// type hint;// file "named.ca";// };//include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";#创建区域配置文件[root@master ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.dbzone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "dongbei.org" { type master; file "dongbei.org.zone.db"; }; [root@master ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.hbzone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "dongbei.org" { type master; file "dongbei.org.zone.hb"; }; [root@master ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.otherzone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "dongbei.org" { type master; file "dongbei.org.zone.other"; }; [root@master ~]# chgrp named /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.db[root@master ~]# chgrp named /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.hb[root@master ~]# chgrp named /etc/named.rfc1912.zones.other#创建区域数据文件[root@master ~]# cp -p /var/named/dongbei.org.zone /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.db[root@master ~]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.dbTTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 5 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS master NS slavermaster A 172.20.200.201slaver A 172.20.200.202websrv A 172.20.200.131www CNAME websrv [root@master ~]# cp -p /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.db /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.hb[root@master ~]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.hb$TTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 5 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS master NS slavermaster A 172.20.200.201slaver A 172.20.200.202websrv A 192.168.16.128 www CNAME websrv [root@master ~]# cp -p /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.db /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.other[root@master ~]# vim /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.other$TTL 1D@ IN SOA master admin.dongbei.org. ( 5 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum NS master NS slavermaster A 172.20.200.201slaver A 172.20.200.202websrv A 192.168.17.128 www CNAME websrv #检查配置及数据库文件[root@master ~]# named-checkconf [root@master ~]# [root@master ~]# named-checkzone dongbei.org /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.dbzone dongbei.org/IN: loaded serial 5OK[root@master ~]# named-checkzone dongbei.org /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.hbzone dongbei.org/IN: loaded serial 5OK[root@master ~]# named-checkzone dongbei.org /var/named/dongbei.org.zone.otherzone dongbei.org/IN: loaded serial 5OK[root@master ~]# rndc reloadserver reload successful3.3 Client端解析测试
#Client端IP配置[root@client ~]# ifconfigeth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.20.200.202 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.20.255.255 inet6 fe80::d345:3753:82b4:4e14 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> inet6 fe80::8d83:991b:3df5:2457 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:90:19:8f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 7330 bytes 9437007 (8.9 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3105 bytes 250659 (244.7 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.16.129 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.16.255 inet6 fe80::6a3d:e71e:96d5:1121 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:90:19:99 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 58 bytes 6286 (6.1 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 16 bytes 1253 (1.2 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0eth2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.17.129 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.17.255 inet6 fe80::4462:d510:5e28:af6f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:90:19:a3 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 72 bytes 8779 (8.5 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 26 bytes 2642 (2.5 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 41 bytes 2352 (2.2 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 41 bytes 2352 (2.2 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 #解析测试 [root@client ~]# host www.dongbei.org 172.20.200.201Using domain server:Name: 172.20.200.201Address: 172.20.200.201#53Aliases: www.dongbei.org is an alias for websrv.dongbei.org.websrv.dongbei.org has address 172.20.200.131[root@client ~]# host www.dongbei.org 192.168.16.130Using domain server:Name: 192.168.16.130Address: 192.168.16.130#53Aliases: www.dongbei.org is an alias for websrv.dongbei.org.websrv.dongbei.org has address 192.168.16.128[root@client ~]# host www.dongbei.org 192.168.17.130Using domain server:Name: 192.168.17.130Address: 192.168.17.130#53Aliases: www.dongbei.org is an alias for websrv.dongbei.org.websrv.dongbei.org has address 192.168.17.128[root@client ~]# 四、通过编译二进制安装MySQL5.7.32
4.1 编译安装MySQL5.7.32
4.1.1 系统环境
CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core) IP:172.20.200.131 Mem：4G CPU: 8 Core
4.1.2 下载MySQL5.7.32
MySQL5.7官方下载：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
下载二进制RPM bundle
源码下载
4.1.3 安装依赖软件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ m4 cmake[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y libaio-devel ncurses-devel numactl-devel [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y perl\(Env\) perl\(JSON\) time cyrus-sasl-devel openldap-devel#安装bison，Linux 下 C/C++语法分析器[root@localhost home]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.7.tar.gz[root@localhost home]# tar xf bison-3.7.tar.gz[root@localhost home]# cd bison-3.7[root@localhost home]# ./configure && make && make install#安装boost，从MySQL 5.7.5 开始Boost库是必需的，需要boost1.59.0 或以上版本[root@localhost home]# cd /usr/local/[root@localhost local]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.75.0/boost_1_75_0.tar.bz2[root@localhost local]# tar xfj boost_1_75_0.tar.bz2[root@localhost local]# yum install -y bzip2-devel.x86_64[root@localhost local]# yum install -y python-devel[root@localhost local]# cd boost_1_75_0[root@localhost boost_1_75_0]# ./bootstrap.sh --with-libraries=system,filesystem,log,thread --with-toolset=gcc[root@localhost boost_1_75_0]# ./b2 toolset=gcc cxxflags="-std=c++11"[root@localhost boost_1_75_0]# ./b2 install --prefix=/usr/local/boost#创建mysql用户与mysql用户组[root@localhost boost]# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql4.1.4 编译Mysql5.7.32 RMP文件
[root@localhost xsd]# rpmbuild --rebuild --clean mysql-community-5.7.32-1.el7.src.rpm[root@localhost xsd]# cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64[root@localhost x86_64]# lsmysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-test-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm4.2 二进制安装MySQL5.7.32
安装编译好的MySQL RPM软件包。
#解压官网下载的mysql-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar，与自己编译的rpm文件一致[root@localhost mysql]# tar xf mysql-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar [root@localhost mysql]# lsmysql-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-test-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm#使用自编译的RPM文件安装[root@localhost x86_64]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-* --force --nodepsPreparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.e################################# [ 20%] 2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7################################# [ 40%] 3:mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.e################################# [ 60%] 4:mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.e################################# [ 80%] 5:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.3################################# [100%][root@localhost x86_64]# [root@localhost x86_64]# systemctl start mysqld[root@localhost x86_64]# systemctl status mysqld● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2021-03-26 04:00:21 CST; 15s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 29612 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 29561 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 29615 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─29615 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidMar 26 04:00:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...Mar 26 04:00:21 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.4.3 连接MySQL并测试
#找到首次登录密码[root@localhost x86_64]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log2021-03-25T20:00:19.024681Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: goqspAAR7.AB[root@localhost x86_64]# #用初始密码登录MySQL Server[root@localhost x86_64]# mysql -uroot -pgoqspAAR7.ABmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.7.32Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.#更改'root'@'localhost'密码mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPassword!112233'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)#运行数据库创建脚本mysql> source /root/hellodb_innodb.sqlmysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || hellodb || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use hellodb;Database changedmysql> show tables;+-------------------+| Tables_in_hellodb |+-------------------+| classes || coc || courses || scores || students || teachers || toc |+-------------------+7 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from classes;+---------+----------------+----------+| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |+---------+----------------+----------+| 1 | Shaolin Pai | 10 || 2 | Emei Pai | 7 || 3 | QingCheng Pai | 11 || 4 | Wudang Pai | 12 || 5 | Riyue Shenjiao | 31 || 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 || 7 | Ming Jiao | 27 || 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |+---------+----------------+----------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)MySQL功能正常。
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