Java使用Velocity模板发送HTML格式邮件并解决中文乱码问题

项目中经常会遇到发送邮件的问题，有时还需要发送html格式的邮件，如果直接在java文件硬编码写html，那么维护起来将会非常麻烦，利用Velocity模板引擎可以解决这个问题，使得业务处理和视图渲染相分离，方便维护。

项目依赖：

<properties>
    <springframework>4.2.6.RELEASE</springframework>
</properties>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    <version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>${springframework}</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>
    <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>
    <version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.5</version>
</dependency>

接下写一个服务类，提供发送邮件的功能：

public class SendEmailService {

    private JavaMailSender sender;

    private VelocityEngine velocityEngine;

    public void sendEmail() {
        MimeMessagePreparator preparator = new MimeMessagePreparator() {
            @Override
            public void prepare(MimeMessage mimeMessage) throws Exception {
                //设置内容显示的编码格式
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, "UTF-8");
                helper.setTo("wang704987562@vip.qq.com");
                helper.setFrom("输入你的发送邮箱地址");
                Map modal = new HashMap<>();
                modal.put("userName", "wzx");
                modal.put("emailAddress", "wang704987562@vip.qq.com");
                String content = VelocityEngineUtils.mergeTemplateIntoString(velocityEngine, "email_tempalte.vm", "UTF-8", modal);
                helper.setSubject("邮件主题");
                helper.setText(content, true);
            }
        };
        this.sender.send(preparator);
    }


    public void setSender(JavaMailSender sender) {
        this.sender = sender;
    }

    public void setVelocityEngine(VelocityEngine velocityEngine) {
        this.velocityEngine = velocityEngine;
    }
}

添加一个简单的模板文件：

<html>
    <body>
        <h3>Hi ${userName}, welcome to the Chipping Sodbury On-the-Hill message boards!</h3>

        <div>
            Your email address is ${emailAddress}.
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

在配置文件中配置bean：

<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="smtp.mxhichina.com"/>
        <property name="username" value="输入发送邮箱地址"/>
        <property name="password" value="输入发送邮箱密码"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="sendEmailService" class="cn.ssm.service.SendEmailService">
        <property name="sender" ref="mailSender"/>
        <property name="velocityEngine" ref="velocityEngine"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="velocityEngine" class="org.springframework.ui.velocity.VelocityEngineFactoryBean">
        <property name="velocityProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="resource.loader">class</prop>
                <prop key="class.resource.loader.class">
                    org.apache.velocity.runtime.resource.loader.ClasspathResourceLoader
                </prop>
                <!-- 配置引擎读取数据的编码格式 -->
                <prop key="input.encoding">UTF-8</prop>
                <!-- 配置引擎输出数据的编码格式 -->
                <prop key="output.encoding">UTF-8</prop>
                <prop key="default.contentType">application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

注意：需要将代码替换成自己的邮箱帐号和密码，否则发送失败

最后，写个测试用例：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class SendEmailTest {

    @Autowired
    private SendEmailService emailService;

    @Test
    public void test() {
        emailService.sendEmail();
    }
}

运行后，效果如下：

可以正确显示html格式并显示中文。

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